أصل بديل لنظام أسماء النطاقات

يستخدم الإنترنتنظام أسماء النطاقات (DNS) ليربط أسماء الحواسب بعناوين الآي پي والمعلومات الخاصة بها. ويحتوي التسلسل الهرمي لمجال المستوى الأعلى، وأصل نظام أسماء النطاقات، على مجالات المستوى الأعلى التي تظهر كإمتدادات لجميع أسماء نطاقات الإنترنت. ويدار أصل نظام أسماء النطاقات الرسمي بواسطة آيكان (ICANN). بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تقوم منظمات عديدة بإدارة أصول بديلة لنظام أسماء النطاقات (وعادة ما يشار إليها باسم الأصول البديلة alt roots). وتقوم هذه الأنظمة بإدارة اسم الخادم|أسماء الخوادم للأصول الخاصة بها وإدارة وفضاء أسماء النطاقات والتي تتكون من custom top-level domains.

الوصف

قائمة الأصول البديلة لنظام أسماء النطاقات وأسمائها

مناطق الأصول العامة العاملة

أصول-عامة

المسقط: www.public-root.com
Public-Root resolves multiple kinds of TLDs globally. It is created to offer an alternative, open DNS infrastructure with its own 13 root servers around the world.
Administrated by INAIC [1]

OpenNIC

مسقط الدخول للعامة: [2]

bbs — aimed toward ( Telnet style ) Bulletin Board System servers, and affiliated/related/owned websites.
dyn — Approved by the OpenNIC Community, and will be introduced in mid-2008. Used to resolve Dynamic DNS.
free — non-commercial use of the internet
fur — Furry and Furry Fandom related sites
geek — anything geeky
glue — Sites related to infrastructure
indy — Independent News and Media
ing — fun TLD. Further details to be confirmed
null — miscellaneous non-commercial individual sites
oss — Open Source Software
parody — Parodies
eco — Intended for the use in socially responsible investing (SRI) and ecological cooperatives, wholly owned subsidiaries, and other organisations that exist to promote or support the said co-operative.

See OpenNIC Wikipedia entry for further detail and historical information.

New.Net

المسقط: [3]

agent
arts
auction
chat
shop
free
golf
llc
llp
love
ltd
school
scifi
soc
video
travel — conflicts with ICANN-sanctioned TLD travel
tech
kids
church
game
mp3
med
mail
xxx
club
inc
law
family
sport

UnifiedRoot

Website: www.unifiedroot.com

UnifiedRoot enables all existing TLDs and allows new TLDs to be registered at a cost of €50,000 each (plus annual maintenance fees of €12,500).

On the user side, it works by modifying the user's DNS settings to point at UnifiedRoot's servers; it also offers a downloadable tool to do this on Windows. UnifiedRoot have also made agreements with ISPs and telcos to enable access to the provided TLDs.^[] Unified root supports International Domain Names (IDN) for top level domains (TLDs).

Namespace

Website: [4]

Resolves too many zones to be listed here.

MobileTLD

Website: [5]

MobileTLD claims to resolve domains for mobile devices.

Open RSC

Website: [6]

per — personal pages
etc — anything
web — for the web
shop — online shops
pickle — just a general funny name
sco — for Scottish culture
mail - a tld for email - to reduce spam and clearly identify email servers.

مناطق الأصول العامة الغير عاملة

AlterNIC

AlterNIC ceased operation in 1997.

exp —
llc —
lnx —
ltd —
med —
nic —
noc —
porn —
xxx —

eDNS

eDNS stopped in 1998.

biz — General business use
corp — For use by corporations
fam — For and about Family
k12 — For and about Kids
npo — Non-profit organizations
per — Personal Domain Name services
web — Web-based sites (ie: web pages)

Iperdome

Iperdome stopped in 1999.

per — Personal Domain Name services
see the announcement
later the TLDs changed to:
- biz — General business use
- corp — For use by corporations
- gay — For and about the Gay Community
- k12 — For and about Kids
- npo — Non-profit organizations
- pol — Related to Poland and Polish organizations
- web — Web-based sites (ie: web pages)