قائمة المنتزهات الوطنية في الولايات المتحدة
ملصق من عام 1938 عن يلوستون، المنتزه الوطني
تمثيل رمزي للزائري في جميع منتزه وطني
الولايات المتحدة تضم 59 منطقة محمية تـُعهد كمنتزه وطني وتديرها مصلحة المنتزهات الوطنية، احدى وكالات وزارة الداخلية الأمريكية. National Parks must be established by an act of the United States Congress. A bill creating the first National Park, Yellowstone, was signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant in 1872, followed by Mackinac National Park in 1875 (decommissioned in 1895), and then Rock Creek Park (later merged into National Capital Parks), Sequoia and Yosemite in 1890. The Organic Act of 1916 created the National Park Service "to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and wildlife therein, and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations." Many current National Parks had been previously protected as National Monuments by the President under the Antiquities Act before being upgraded by Congress. Seven National Parks (including six in Alaska) are paired with a National Preserve, areas with different levels of protection that are administered together but considered separate units and whose areas are not included in the figures below.
Criteria for the selection of National Parks include natural beauty, unique geological features, unusual ecosystems, and recreational opportunities (though these criteria are not always considered together). National Monuments, on the other hand, are frequently chosen for their historical or archaeological significance. Fourteen National Parks are designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHS), while twenty one are designated UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (BR).
Twenty-seven states have National Parks, as do the territories of American Samoa and the United States Virgin Islands. California has the most (nine), followed by Alaska (eight), Utah (five), and Colorado (four). The largest National Park is Wrangell–St. Elias in Alaska: at over 8 million أكرs (32,375 kم2), it is larger than each of the nine smallest states. The next three largest parks are also in Alaska. The smallest park is Hot Springs, Arkansas, at less than 6 thousand أكرs (24 kم2). The total area protected by National Parks is approximately 52.2 million أكرs (211,000 kم2), for an average of 885 thousand أكرs (3,580 kم2) but a median of only 236 thousand أكرs (960 kم2) at Mount Rainier, the 30th largest park. The most-visited National Park is Great Smoky Mountains in North Carolina and Tennessee, with over 11.3 million visitors in 2016, followed by Arizona's Grand Canyon, with nearlyستة million. In contrast, only 10,047 people visited the remote Gates of the Arctic in Alaska in the same year.
A few former National Parks are no longer designated as such, or have been disbanded. Other units of the National Park Service (نطقب:National Park Units altogether) are broadly referred to as national parks; they are listed here.
المنتزهات الوطنية
██ Indicates that the national park is a World Heritage Site (a * symbol also appears after the park's name).
| الاسم | الصورة | المسقط | Date established as park | Area (2016) | Recreation visitors (2016) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| أكاِديا |
Maine |
February 26, 1919 | 49,057.36 أكرs (198.5 kم2) | 3,303,393 | بتغطيته معظم جزيرة ماونت دزرت والجزر الساحلية المحيطة، يتميز أكاديا بأعلى جبل على ساحل الأطلسي في الولايات المتحدة, granite peaks, ocean shoreline, woodlands, and lakes. There are freshwater, estuary, forest, and intertidal habitats. | |
| American Samoa |
American Samoa |
October 31, 1988 | 8,256.67 أكرs (33.4 kم2) | 28,892 | The southernmost National Park is on three Samoan islands and protects coral reefs, rainforests, volcanic mountains, and white beaches. The area is also home to flying foxes, brown boobies, sea turtles, and 900 species of fish. | |
| Arches |
Utah |
November 12, 1971 | 76,678.98 أكرs (310.3 kم2) | 1,585,718 | This site features more than 2,000 natural sandstone arches, with some of the most popular arches in the park being Delicate Arch, Landscape Arch and Double Arch. Millions of years of erosion have created these structures located in a desert climate where the arid ground has life-sustaining biological soil crusts and potholes that serve as natural water-collecting basins. Other geologic formations include stone pinnacles, fins, and balancing rocks. | |
| Badlands |
South Dakota |
November 10, 1978 | 242,755.94 أكرs (982.4 kم2) | 996,263 | The Badlands are a collection of buttes, pinnacles, spires, and mixed-grass prairies. The White River Badlands contain the largest assemblage of known late Eocene and Oligocene mammal fossils. The wildlife includes bison, bighorn sheep, black-footed ferrets, and prairie dogs. | |
| Big Bend |
Texas |
June 12, 1944 | 801,163.21 أكرs (3,242.2 kم2) | 388,290 | Named for the prominent bend in the Rio Grande along the US–Mexico border, this park encompasses a large and remote part of the Chihuahuan Desert. Its main attraction is backcountry recreation in the arid Chisos Mountains and in canyons along the river. A wide variety of Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils as well as cultural artifacts of Native Americans also exist within its borders. (BR) | |
| Biscayne |
Florida |
June 28, 1980 | 172,971.11 أكرs (700.0 kم2) | 514,709 | Located in Biscayne Bay, this park at the north end of the Florida Keys has four interrelated marine ecosystems: mangrove forest, the Bay, the Keys, and coral reefs. Threatened animals include the West Indian manatee, American crocodile, various sea turtles, and peregrine falcon. | |
| Black Canyon of the Gunnison |
Colorado |
October 21, 1999 | 30,749.75 أكرs (124.4 kم2) | 238,018 | The park protects a quarter of the Gunnison River, which slices sheer canyon walls from dark Precambrian-era rock. The canyon features some of the steepest cliffs and oldest rock in North America, and is a popular site for river rafting and rock climbing. The deep, narrow canyon is composed of gneiss and schist which appears black when in shadow. | |
| Bryce Canyon |
Utah |
February 25, 1928 | 35,835.08 أكرs (145.0 kم2) | 2,365,110 | Bryce Canyon is a geological amphitheater on the Paunsaugunt Plateau with hundreds of tall, multicolored sandstone hoodoos formed by erosion. The region was originally settled by Native Americans and later by Mormon pioneers. | |
| Canyonlands |
Utah |
September 12, 1964 | 337,597.83 أكرs (1,366.2 kم2) | 776,218 | This landscape was eroded into a maze of canyons, buttes, and mesas by the combined efforts of the Colorado River, Green River, and their tributaries, which divide the park into three districts. The park also contains rock pinnacles and arches, as well as artifacts from Ancient Pueblo peoples. | |
| Capitol Reef |
Utah |
December 18, 1971 | 241,904.26 أكرs (979.0 kم2) | 1,064,904 | The park's Waterpocket Fold is a 100-ميل (160 kم) monocline that exhibits the earth's diverse geologic layers. Other natural features include monoliths, cliffs, and sandstone domes shaped like the United States Capitol. | |
| Carlsbad Caverns* |
New Mexico |
May 14, 1930 | 46,766.45 أكرs (189.3 kم2) | 466,773 | Carlsbad Caverns has 117 caves, the longest of which is over 120 ميلs (190 kم) long. The Big Room is almost 4,000 قدم (1,200 م) long, and the caves are home to over 400,000 Mexican free-tailed bats and sixteen other species. Above ground are the Chihuahuan Desert and Rattlesnake Springs. (WHS) | |
| Channel Islands |
California |
March 5, 1980 | 249,561.00 أكرs (1,009.9 kم2) | 364,807 | Five of the eight Channel Islands are protected, and half of the park's area is underwater. The islands have a unique Mediterranean ecosystem originally settled by the Chumash people. They are home to over 2,000 species of land plants and animals, and 145 are unique to them, including the island fox. Ferry services offer transportation to the islands from the mainland. (BR) | |
| Congaree |
South Carolina |
November 10, 2003 | 26,275.82 أكرs (106.3 kم2) | 143,843 | On the Congaree River, this park is the largest portion of old-growth floodplain forest left in North America. Some of the trees are the tallest in the eastern United States. An elevated walkway called the Boardwalk Loop guides visitors through the swamp. (BR) | |
| Crater Lake |
Oregon |
May 22, 1902 | 183,224.05 أكرs (741.5 kم2) | 756,344 | Crater Lake lies in the caldera of an ancient volcano called Mount Mazama that collapsed 7,700 years ago. It is the deepest lake in the United States and is noted for its vivid blue color and water clarity. There are two more recent volcanic islands in the lake, and, with no inlets or outlets, all water comes through precipitation. | |
| Cuyahoga Valley |
Ohio |
October 11, 2000 | 32,572.35 أكرs (131.8 kم2) | 2,423,390 | This park along the Cuyahoga River has waterfalls, hills, trails, and exhibits on early rural living. The Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail follows the Ohio and Erie Canal, where mules towed canal boats. The park has numerous historic homes, bridges, and structures, and also offers a scenic train ride. | |
| Death Valley |
California, Nevada |
October 31, 1994 | 3,373,063.14 أكرs (13,650.3 kم2) | 1,296,283 | Death Valley is the hottest, lowest, and driest place in the United States. Daytime temperatures have topped 130 °F (54 °C) and it is home to Badwater Basin, the lowest elevation in North America. The park contains canyons, badlands, sand dunes, and mountain ranges, while more than 1000 species of plants grow in this geologic graben. Additional points of interest include salt flats, historic mines, and springs. (BR) | |
| Denali |
Alaska |
February 26, 1917 | 4,740,911.16 أكرs (19,185.8 kم2) | 587,412 | Centered on Denali, the tallest mountain in North America, Denali is serviced by a single road leading to Wonder Lake. Denali and other peaks of the Alaska Range are covered with long glaciers and boreal forest. Wildlife includes grizzly bears, Dall sheep, caribou, and gray wolves. (BR) | |
| Dry Tortugas |
Florida |
October 26, 1992 | 64,701.22 أكرs (261.8 kم2) | 73,661 | The islands of the Dry Tortugas, at the westernmost end of the Florida Keys, are the site of Fort Jefferson, a Civil War-era fort that is the largest masonry structure in the Western Hemisphere. With most of the park being remote ocean, it is home to undisturbed coral reefs and shipwrecks and is only accessible by plane or boat. (BR) | |
| Everglades* |
Florida |
May 30, 1934 | 1,508,968.1 أكرs (6,106.6 kم2) | 930,907 | The Everglades are the largest tropical wilderness in the United States. This mangrove and tropical rainforest ecosystem and marine estuary is home to 36 protected species, including the Florida panther, American crocodile, and West Indian manatee. Some areas have been drained and developed; restoration projects aim to restore the ecology. (WHS) (BR) | |
| Gates of the Arctic |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 7,523,897.45 أكرs (30,448.1 kم2) | 10,047 | The country's northernmost park protects an expanse of pure wilderness in Alaska's Brooks Range and has no park facilities. The land is home to Alaska Natives who have relied on the land and caribou for 11,000 years. | |
| Glacier* |
Montana |
May 11, 1910 | 1,013,128.94 أكرs (4,100.0 kم2) | 2,946,681 | The U.S. half of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, this park includes 26 glaciers and 130 named lakes surrounded by Rocky Mountain peaks. There are historic hotels and a landmark road called the Going-to-the-Sun Road in this region of rapidly receding glaciers. The local mountains, formed by an overthrust, expose Paleozoic fossils including trilobites, mollusks, giant ferns and dinosaurs. (WHS) (BR) | |
| Glacier Bay* |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 3,223,383.43 أكرs (13,044.6 kم2) | 520,171 | Glacier Bay contains tidewater glaciers, mountains, fjords, and a temperate rainforest, and is home to large populations of grizzly bears, mountain goats, whales, seals, and eagles. When discovered in 1794 by George Vancouver, the entire bay was covered by ice, but the glaciers have since receded more than 65 ميلs (105 kم). (WHS) (BR) | |
| Grand Canyon* |
Arizona |
February 26, 1919 | 1,201,647.03 أكرs (4,862.9 kم2) | 5,969,811 | The Grand Canyon, carved by the mighty Colorado River, is 277 ميلs (446 kم) long, up to 1 mile (1.6 km) deep, and up to 15 ميلs (24 kم) wide. Millions of years of erosion have exposed the multicolored layers of the Colorado Plateau in mesas and canyon walls, visible from both the north and south rims, or from a number of trails that descend into the canyon itself. (WHS) | |
| Grand Teton |
Wyoming |
February 26, 1929 | 310,043.96 أكرs (1,254.7 kم2) | 3,270,076 | Grand Teton is the tallest mountain in the Teton Range. The park's historic Jackson Hole and reflective piedmont lakes teem with endemic wildlife, with a backdrop of craggy mountains that rise abruptly from the sage-covered valley. | |
| Great Basin |
Nevada |
October 27, 1986 | 77,180.00 أكرs (312.3 kم2) | 144,846 | Based around Nevada's second tallest mountain, Wheeler Peak, Great Basin National Park contains 5,000-year-old bristlecone pines, a rock glacier, and the limestone Lehman Caves. Due to its remote location, the park has some of the country's darkest night skies. Wildlife includes the Townsend's big-eared bat, pronghorn, and Bonneville cutthroat trout. | |
| Great Sand Dunes |
Colorado |
September 13, 2004 | 107,341.87 أكرs (434.4 kم2) | 388,308 | The tallest sand dunes in North America, up to 750 قدم (230 م) tall, were formed by deposits of the ancient Rio Grande in the San Luis Valley. Abutting a variety of grasslands, shrublands, and wetlands, the park also has alpine lakes, six 13,000-foot mountains, and old-growth forests. | |
| Great Smoky Mountains* |
Tennessee, North Carolina |
June 15, 1934 | 522,426.88 أكرs (2,114.2 kم2) | 11,312,786 | The Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Appalachian Mountains, span a wide range of elevations, making them home to over 400 vertebrate species, 100 tree species, and 5000 plant species. Hiking is the park's main attraction, with over 800 ميلs (1,300 kم) of trails, including 70 ميلs (110 kم) of the Appalachian Trail. Other activities include fishing, horseback riding, and touring nearly 80 historic structures. (WHS) (BR) | |
| Guadalupe Mountains |
Texas |
October 15, 1966 | 86,367.10 أكرs (349.5 kم2) | 181,839 | This park contains Guadalupe Peak, the highest point in Texas, as well as the scenic McKittrick Canyon filled with bigtooth maples, a corner of the arid Chihuahuan Desert, and a fossilized coral reef from the Permian era. | |
| Haleakalā |
Hawaii |
August 1, 1916 | 33,264.62 أكرs (134.6 kم2) | 1,263,558 | The Haleakalā volcano on Maui features a very large crater with numerous cinder cones, Hosmer's Grove of alien trees, the Kipahulu section's scenic pools of freshwater fish, and the native Hawaiian goose. It is home to the greatest number of endangered species within a U.S. National Park. (BR) | |
| Hawaiʻi Volcanoes* |
Hawaii |
August 1, 1916 | 323,431.38 أكرs (1,308.9 kم2) | 1,887,580 | This park on the Big Island protects the Kīlauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes, two of the world's most active geological features. Diverse ecosystems range from tropical forests at sea level to barren lava beds at more than 13,000 قدم (4,000 م). (WHS) (BR) | |
| Hot Springs |
Arkansas |
March 4, 1921 | 5,549.10 أكرs (22.5 kم2) | 1,544,300 | Hot Springs was established by act of Congress as a federal reserve on April 20, 1832. As such it is the oldest park managed by the National Park Service. Congress changed the reserve's designation to National Park on March 4, 1921 after the National Park Service was established in 1916. Hot Springs is the smallest and only National Park in an urban area and is based around natural hot springs that flow out of the low lying Ouachita Mountains. The springs provide opportunities for relaxation in an historic setting; Bathhouse Row preserves numerous examples of 19th-century architecture. | |
| Isle Royale |
Michigan |
April 3, 1940 | 571,790.11 أكرs (2,314.0 kم2) | 24,966 | The largest island in Lake Superior is a place of isolation and wilderness. Along with its many shipwrecks, waterways, and hiking trails, the park also includes over 400 smaller islands within 4.5 ميلs (7.2 kم) of its shores. There are only 20 mammal species on the entire island, though the relationship between its wolf and moose populations is especially unique. (BR) | |
| Joshua Tree |
California |
October 31, 1994 | 790,635.74 أكرs (3,199.6 kم2) | 2,505,286 | Covering large areas of the Colorado and Mojave Deserts and the Little San Bernardino Mountains, this desert landscape is populated by vast stands of Joshua trees. Large changes in elevation reveal various contrasting environments including bleached sand dunes, dry lakes, rugged mountains, and maze-like clusters of monzogranite monoliths. (BR) | |
| Katmai |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 3,674,529.33 أكرs (14,870.3 kم2) | 37,818 | This park on the Alaska Peninsula protects the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, an ash flow formed by the 1912 eruption of Novarupta, as well as Mount Katmai. Over 2,000 grizzly bears come here each year to catch spawning salmon. Other wildlife includes caribou, wolves, moose, and wolverines. | |
| Kenai Fjords |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 669,983.65 أكرs (2,711.3 kم2) | 346,534 | Near Seward on the Kenai Peninsula, this park protects the Harding Icefield and at least 38 glaciers and fjords stemming from it. The only area accessible to the public by road is Exit Glacier; the rest must be viewed or reached from boat tours. | |
| Kings Canyon |
California |
March 4, 1940 | 461,901.20 أكرs (1,869.2 kم2) | 607,479 | Home to several giant sequoia groves and the General Grant Tree, the world's second largest measured tree, this park also features part of the Kings River, sculptor of the dramatic granite canyon that is its namesake, and the San Joaquin River, as well as Boyden Cave. (BR) | |
| Kobuk Valley |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 1,750,716.16 أكرs (7,084.9 kم2) | 15,500 | Kobuk Valley protects 61 ميلs (98 kم) of the Kobuk River and three regions of sand dunes. Created by glaciers, the Great Kobuk, Little Kobuk, and Hunt River Sand Dunes can reach 100 قدم (30 م) high and 100 °ف (38 °م), and they are the largest dunes in the Arctic. Twice a year, half a million caribou migrate through the dunes and across river bluffs that expose well-preserved ice age fossils. | |
| Lake Clark |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 2,619,816.49 أكرs (10,602.0 kم2) | 21,102 | The region around Lake Clark features four active volcanoes, including Mount Redoubt, as well as an abundance of rivers, glaciers, and waterfalls. Temperate rainforests, a tundra plateau, and three mountain ranges complete the landscape. | |
| Lassen Volcanic |
California |
August 9, 1916 | 106,589.02 أكرs (431.4 kم2) | 536,068 | Lassen Peak, the largest plug dome volcano in the world, is joined by all three other types of volcanoes in this park: shield, cinder dome, and composite. Though Lassen itself last erupted in 1915, most of the rest of the park is continuously active. Numerous hydrothermal features, including fumaroles, boiling pools, and bubbling mud pots, are heated by molten rock from beneath the peak. | |
| Mammoth Cave* |
Kentucky |
July 1, 1941 | 52,830.19 أكرs (213.8 kم2) | 586,514 | With more than 400 ميلs (640 kم) of passageways explored, Mammoth Cave is the world's longest known cave system. Subterranean wildlife includes eight bat species, Kentucky cave shrimp, Northern cavefish, and cave salamanders. Above ground, the park provides recreation on the Green River, 70 miles of hiking trails, and plenty of sinkholes and springs. (WHS) (BR) | |
| Mesa Verde* |
Colorado |
June 29, 1906 | 52,485.17 أكرs (212.4 kم2) | 583,527 | This area constitutes over 4,000 archaeological sites of the Ancestral Puebloan people, who lived here and elsewhere in the Four Corners region for at least 700 years. Cliff dwellings built in the 12th and 13th centuries include Cliff Palace, which has 150 rooms and 23 kivas, and the Balcony House, with its many passages and tunnels. (WHS) | |
| Mount Rainier |
Washington |
March 2, 1899 | 236,381.64 أكرs (956.6 kم2) | 1,356,913 | Mount Rainier, an active stratovolcano, is the most prominent peak in the Cascades and is covered by 26 named glaciers including Carbon Glacier and Emmons Glacier, the largest in the contiguous United States. The mountain is popular for climbing, and more than half of the park is covered by subalpine and alpine forests and meadows seasonally in bloom with wildflowers. Paradise on the south slope is the snowiest place on Earth where snowfall is measured regularly. The Longmire visitor center is the start of the Wonderland Trail, which encircles the mountain. | |
| North Cascades |
Washington |
October 2, 1968 | 504,780.94 أكرs (2,042.8 kم2) | 28,646 | This complex encompasses two units of the National Park itself as well as the Ross Lake and Lake Chelan National Recreation Areas. The highly glaciated mountains are spectacular examples of Cascade geology. Popular hiking and climbing areas include Cascade Pass, Mount Shuksan, Mount Triumph, and Eldorado Peak. | |
| Olympic* |
Washington |
June 29, 1938 | 922,650.10 أكرs (3,733.8 kم2) | 3,390,221 | Situated on the Olympic Peninsula, this park includes a wide range of ecosystems from Pacific shoreline to temperate rainforests to the alpine slopes of the Olympic Mountains, the tallest of which is Mount Olympus. The Hoh Rainforest and Quinault Rainforest are the wettest area in the contiguous United States, with the Hoh receiving an average of almost 12 قدم (3.7 م) of rain every year. (WHS) (BR) | |
| Petrified Forest |
Arizona |
December 9, 1962 | 221,415.77 أكرs (896.0 kم2) | 643,274 | This portion of the Chinle Formation has a large concentration of 225-million-year-old petrified wood. The surrounding Painted Desert features eroded cliffs of red-hued volcanic rock called bentonite. Dinosaur fossils and over 350 Native American sites are also protected in this park. | |
| Pinnacles |
California |
January 10, 2013 | 26,685.73 أكرs (108.0 kم2) | 215,555 | Named for the eroded leftovers of a portion of an extinct volcano, the park's massive black and gold monoliths of andesite and rhyolite are a popular destination for rock climbers. Hikers have access to trails crossing the Coast Range wilderness. The park is home to the endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) and one of the few locations in the world where these extremely rare birds can be seen in the wild. Pinnacles also supports a dense population of prairie falcons, and more than 13 species of bat which populate its talus caves. | |
| Redwood* |
California |
October 2, 1968 | 138,999.37 أكرs (562.5 kم2) | 536,297 | This park and the co-managed state parks protect almost half of all remaining coastal redwoods, the tallest trees on earth. There are three large river systems in this very seismically active area, and 37 ميلs (60 kم) of protected coastline reveal tide pools and seastacks. The prairie, estuary, coast, river, and forest ecosystems contain a wide variety of animal and plant species. (WHS) | |
| Rocky Mountain |
Colorado |
January 26, 1915 | 265,795.20 أكرs (1,075.6 kم2) | 4,517,585 | Bisected north to south by the Continental Divide, this portion of the Rockies has ecosystems varying from over 150 riparian lakes to montane and subalpine forests to treeless alpine tundra. Wildlife including mule deer, bighorn sheep, black bears, and cougars inhabit its igneous mountains and glacial valleys. Longs Peak, a classic Colorado fourteener, and the scenic Bear Lake are popular destinations, as well as the historic Trail Ridge Road, which reaches an elevation of more than 12,000 قدم (3,700 م). (BR) | |
| Saguaro |
Arizona |
October 14, 1994 | 91,715.72 أكرs (371.2 kم2) | 820,426 | Split into the separate Rincon Mountain and Tucson Mountain districts, this park is evidence that the dry Sonoran Desert is still home to a great variety of life spanning six biotic communities. Beyond the namesake giant saguaro cacti, there are barrel cacti, chollas, and prickly pears, as well as lesser long-nosed bats, spotted owls, and javelinas. | |
| Sequoia |
California |
September 25, 1890 | 404,062.63 أكرs (1,635.2 kم2) | 1,254,688 | This park protects the Giant Forest, which boasts some of the world's largest trees, the General Sherman being the largest measured tree in the park. Other features include over 240 caves, a long segment of the Sierra Nevada including the tallest mountain in the contiguous United States, and Moro Rock, a large granite dome. (BR) | |
| Shenandoah |
Virginia |
December 26, 1935 | 199,195.27 أكرs (806.1 kم2) | 1,437,341 | Shenandoah's Blue Ridge Mountains are covered by hardwood forests that teem with a wide variety of wildlife. The Skyline Drive and Appalachian Trail run the entire length of this narrow park, along with more than 500 ميلs (800 kم) of hiking trails passing scenic overlooks and cataracts of the Shenandoah River. | |
| Theodore Roosevelt |
North Dakota |
November 10, 1978 | 70,446.89 أكرs (285.1 kم2) | 753,880 | This region that enticed and influenced President Theodore Roosevelt consists of a park of three units in the northern badlands. Besides Roosevelt's historic cabin, there are numerous scenic drives and backcountry hiking opportunities. Wildlife includes American bison, pronghorn, bighorn sheep, and wild horses. | |
| Virgin Islands |
United States Virgin Islands |
August 2, 1956 | 14,948.46 أكرs (60.5 kم2) | 411,343 | This island park on Saint John preserves Taíno archaeological sites and the ruins of sugar plantations from Columbus's time, as well as all the natural environs. Surrounding the pristine beaches are mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and coral reefs. (BR) | |
| Voyageurs |
Minnesota |
January 8, 1971 | 218,200.15 أكرs (883.0 kم2) | 241,912 | This park protecting four lakes near the Canada–US border is a site for canoeing, kayaking, and fishing. The park also preserves a history populated by Ojibwe Native Americans, French fur traders called voyageurs, and gold miners. Formed by glaciers, the region features tall bluffs, rock gardens, islands, bays, and several historic buildings. | |
| كهف الريح |
داكوتا الجنوبية |
January 9, 1903 | 33,970.84 أكرs (137.5 kم2) | 617,377 | Wind Cave is distinctive for its calcite fin formations called boxwork, a unique formation rarely found elsewhere, and needle-like growths called frostwork. The cave is one of the longest and most complex caves in the world. Above ground is a mixed-grass prairie with animals such as bison, black-footed ferrets, and prairie dogs, and ponderosa pine forests that are home to cougars and elk. The cave is culturally significant to the Lakota people as the site "from which Wakan Tanka, the Great Mystery, sent the buffalo out into their hunting grounds." | |
| Wrangell–St. Elias* |
Alaska |
December 2, 1980 | 8,323,146.48 أكرs (33,682.6 kم2) | 79,047 | An over 8 million أكرs (32,375 kم2) plot of mountainous country—the largest National Park in the system—protects the convergence of the Alaska, Chugach, and Wrangell-Saint Elias Ranges, which include many of the continent's tallest mountains and volcanoes, including the 18,008-foot Mount Saint Elias. More than a quarter of the park is covered with glaciers, including the tidewater Hubbard Glacier, piedmont Malaspina Glacier, and valley Nabesna Glacier. (WHS) | |
| Yellowstone* |
Wyoming, Montana, Idaho |
March 1, 1872 | 2,219,790.71 أكرs (8,983.2 kم2) | 4,257,177 | Situated on the Yellowstone Caldera, the park has an expansive network of geothermal areas including boiling mud pots, vividly colored hot springs such as Grand Prismatic Spring, and regularly erupting geysers, the best-known being Old Faithful. The yellow-hued Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River contains several high waterfalls, while four mountain ranges traverse the park. More than 60 mammal species including gray wolves, grizzly bears, black bears, lynxes, bison, and elk, make this park one of the best wildlife viewing spots in the country. (WHS) (BR) | |
| Yosemite* |
California |
October 1, 1890 | 761,747.50 أكرs (3,082.7 kم2) | 5,028,868 | Yosemite features sheer granite cliffs, exceptionally tall waterfalls, and old-growth forests at a unique intersection of geology and hydrology. Half Dome and El Capitan rise from the park's centerpiece, the glacier-carved Yosemite Valley, and from its vertical walls drop Yosemite Falls, one of North America's tallest waterfalls at 2,425 قدم (739 م) high. Three giant sequoia groves, along with a pristine wilderness in the heart of the Sierra Nevada, are home to a wide variety of rare plant and animal species. (WHS) | |
| Zion |
Utah |
November 19, 1919 | 147,237.02 أكرs (595.8 kم2) | 4,295,127 | Located at the junction of the Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert, this park contains sandstone features such as mesas, rock towers, and canyons, including the Virgin River Narrows. The various sandstone formations and the forks of the Virgin River create a wilderness divided into four ecosystems: desert, riparian, woodland, and coniferous forest. |
انظر أيضاً
- قائمة المناطق في نظام المنتزهات الوطنية الأمريكية
- List of the United States National Park System official units (نطقب:National Park Units)
- تاريخ مصلحة المنتزهات الوطنية
- List of National Monuments of the United States
- قائمة الغابات الوطنية الأمريكية
- قائمة مواقع التراث العالمي في الولايات المتحدة
الهامش
- ^ "NPS Organic Act Overview". nature.nps.gov. National Park Service. 17 January 2007. Archived from the original onستة February 2017. Retrieved 26 February 2017.
- ^ "World Heritage List - United States of America". whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
- ^ "UNESCO » Biosphere Reserves » United States of America". unesco.org. UNESCO. November 2015. Archived from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
- ^ "The National Parks: Index 2012-2016" (PDF). go.nps.gov/national-parks-index. National Park Service. 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
- ^ "Annual Park Ranking Report for Recreation Visitors in: 2016". irma.nps.gov. National Park Service. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
-
^ "Lower, Rocío (17 October 2016). "How many national parks are there?". nationalparks.org. National Park Foundation. Archived from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
The National Park System encompasses 417 national parks in the United States.... Within the system, there are 59 sites that include 'National Park' as part of their proper name
- ^ (PDF). Washington, D.C.: National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
- ^ "National Park System Areas Listed in Chronological Order of Date Authorized under DOI" (PDF). National Park Service. 27 June 2005. Archived from the original on March 11, 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2010. CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
-
^ "National Reports". National Park Service. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
Click on Park Acreage Reports (1997 – Last Calendar/Fiscal Year), then select By Park, Calendar Year, <choose year>, and then click the View PDF Report button - the areas used here are the Gross Area Acres which are in the final column of the report
- ^ "Acadia National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Acadia National Park Places To Go". National Park Service. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
- ^ "National Park of American Samoa". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Arches National Park - Arches Rock Stars". National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
- ^ "Arches National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Badlands National Park - Fossils". National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
- ^ "Badlands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Big Bend National Park". National Park Service. December 8, 2009.
- ^ "Big Bend Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Biscayne National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Bryce Canyon National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Canyonlands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Capitol Reef National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Carlsbad Caverns National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Carlsbad Caverns National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Channel Islands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Channel Islands Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Congaree National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "South Atlantic Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Crater Lake National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Cuyahoga Valley National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Cuyahoga Valley National Park Scenic Railroad". National Park Service. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
- ^ "Death Valley National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Denali National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Denali Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Dry Tortugas National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Everglades & Dry Tortugas Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Everglades National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Everglades National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Gates of the Arctic National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Glacier National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Glacier National Park - Fossils". National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Waterton Glacier International Peace Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Glacier Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Glacier Bay National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Glacier Bay and Admiralty Island Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Grand Canyon National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Grand Canyon National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Grand Teton National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Great Basin National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Great Sand Dunes National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Great Smoky Mountains National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Great Smoky Mountains National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Guadalupe Mountains National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Haleakala National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Hawaiian Islands Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Hawaii Volcanoes National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Hawaii Volcanoes National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Hot Springs National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Isle Royale National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Isle Royale Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Joshua Tree National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Katmai National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Kenai Fjords National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Kings Canyon National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve and National Parks". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Kobuk Valley National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Lake Clark National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Lassen Volcanic National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Mammoth Cave National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Mammoth Cave National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Mesa Verde National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Mesa Verde National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Mount Rainier National Park-Frequently Asked Questions". National Park Service. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
- ^ "Mount Rainier National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "North Cascades National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Olympic National Park-Weather and Climate" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
- ^ "Olympic National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Olympic National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Olympic Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Petrified Forest National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Pinnacles National Monument". National Park Service. January 9, 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
- ^ "Redwood National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Redwood National and State Parks". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Rocky Mountain National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Rocky Mountain Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Saguaro National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Sequoia National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Shenandoah National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Theodore Roosevelt National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Virgin Islands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Virgin Islands Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Voyageurs National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Wind Cave National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Wind Cave's Early Days". National Park Service. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
- ^ "Wrangell – St. Elias National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "Yellowstone National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Yellowstone National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Yosemite National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
- ^ "World Heritage List - Yosemite National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Zion National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
وصلات خارجية
 |
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for United States National Parks. |
- Official website of the National Park Service
- Find a Park by the NPS
- by PBS
- Visitor use statistics
- America's Natural Heritage - The Essential Guide to the National Parks by the Washington Post
نطقب:US Protected Areas
