| | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1823

سنة 1823 (MDCCCXXIII) كانت سنة بسيطة تبدأ يوم الأربعاء (الرابط يعرض التقويم كاملاً) التقويم الگريگوري، السنة 1823rd بعد الميلاد (م)، السنة 823rd في الألفية 2، السنة 23rd في القرن 19، والسنة أربعة في عقد 1820 بين 1583 و1929 ومع فارق 1823 is 12 يوم عن التقويم اليوليوسي، والذين ظلوا مستخدمين حتى التحول الكامل إلى التقويم الگريگوري في 1929.

أحداث

January–March

• January 23 – In Paviland Cave on the Gower Peninsula of Wales, William Buckland inspects the "Red Lady of Paviland", the first identification of a prehistoric human burial.
• February 3
  • Jackson Male Academy, precursor of Union University, opens in Tennessee.
  • Gioachino Rossini's Semiramide is first performed.
• Februaryعشرة – The first worldwide carnival parade takes place in Cologne, Prussia.
• February 11 – Carnival tragedy of 1823: About 110 boys are killed during a stampede at the Convent of the Minori Osservanti in Valletta, Malta.
• February 15 (approx.) – The first officially recognised gold is found in Australia, by surveyor James McBrien at Fish River, near Bathurst, New South Wales, predating the Australian gold rushes.
• February 20 – Explorer James Weddell's expedition to Antarctica reaches latitude 74°15' S and longitude 34°16'45" W: the southernmost position any ship had reached before, a record that will hold for more than 80 years.
• March 19 – Emperor Agustín de Iturbide of Mexico abdicates, thus ending the short-lived First Mexican Empire.

April–June

• April 13 – Franz Liszt, 11, gives a concert, after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven.
• Mayخمسة – Emperor Pedro I of Brazil inaugurates Brazil's first Assembleia Geral, with 50 Senators and 102 Deputies.
• Mayسبعة – Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov in appointed as Governor-General of Novorossiya (New Russia), the portion of Russia bordering the Black Sea and in the territory now occupied by Ukraine.
• Mayتسعة – Russian author Alexander Pushkin begins work on his novel Eugene Onegin.
• May 25 – The Catholic Association begins, at a meeting of 13 people at a bookseller's house, on Capel Street in Dublin.
• Juneخمسة – Raffles Institution is established (as the Singapore Institution) by the founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles.

July–September

• July 1 – The Congress of Central America declares absolute independence from Spain, Mexico, and any other foreign nation, including North America, and a republican system of government is established.
• July – Robert Peel ensures the passage of five Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom, effectively abolishing the death penalty for over one hundred offences; in particular, the Judgement of Death Act allows judges to commute sentences for capital offences (other than murder or treason) to imprisonment or transportation.
• Julyعشرة – The Gaols Act is passed by Parliament of the United Kingdom, based on the prison reform campaign of Elizabeth Fry.
• July 15 – The Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls, in Rome, is almost completely destroyed by fire.
• August 1 – William Pitt Amherst arrives in Calcutta with Lady Amherst, to become the new Governor-General of India.
• August أربعة – Felipe Enrique Neri, Baron de Bastrop, the Mexican government administrator in charge of Anglo-American immigration into Mexico's state of Coahuila y Tejas, allows Stephen F. Austin to put together an 11-man police force, that will later be expanded to become the Texas Ranger Division.
• Augustخمسة – The Royal Hibernian Academy is founded in Dublin.
• August 16 – Tsar Alexander I of Russia draws up a secret "manifesto", designating his second younger brother Nikolai to succeed him, and bypassing Nikolai's older brother, Grand Duke Konstantin. The existence of the manifesto is revealed on Alexander's death in 1825.
• August 18 – Demerara rebellion of 1823: In British Guiana (South America), an insurrection of 10,000 black slaves begins; it is suppressed after three days, but hundreds of suspects are executed in the reprisals that follow.
• August 20 – Pope Pius VII dies after a reign of more than 23 years, that began on March 14, 1800; he is remembered for crowning Napoleon Bonaparte as Emperor of France.
• August 24 – Hugh Glass gets mauled by a sow grizzly, while on a fur trapping expedition in the Missouri Territory (Movie: The Revenant 2015),(Book:The Revenant).
• Septemberعشرة – Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru.
• September 22 – Joseph Smith wrote that in 1838 that on this day he had first come to the place where the golden plates were stored, having been directed there by God through an angel.
• September 23 – First Anglo-Burmese War: Burmese forces attack the British on Shapura, an island close to Chittagong.
• September 28 – Roman Catholic Cardinal Annibale della Genga is elected Pope Leo XII.

October–December

• Octoberخمسة – Medical journal The Lancet is founded by Thomas Wakley in London.
• November ثلاثة – An explosion at the Rainton Colliery Company's Plain Pit mine, at Chilton Moor, kills 57 coal miners.
• November – According to tradition, William Webb Ellis invents the sport of rugby football at Rugby School in England.
• December 2 – James Monroe first introduces the Monroe Doctrine in the State of the Union address, declaring that any European attempts to recolonize the Americas would be considered a hostile act towards the United States.

مجهولة التاريخ

• The first Anglo-Ashanti War begins.
• Olbers' paradox is described by the German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers.
• Work begins on the British Museum in London, designed by Robert Smirke, and the Altes Museum in Berlin, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel.
• The Oxford Union is founded as a student debating society in England.

مواليد

يناير-يونيو

• January 1 – Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet, revolutionary (d. 1849)
• January ثلاثة – Robert Whitehead, English engineer, inventor (d. 1905)
• Januaryثمانية – Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist, biologist (d. 1913)
• January 27 – Édouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)
• February 15 – Li Hongzhang, Chinese politician, general, and diplomat (d. 1901)
• February 23 – John Braxton Hicks, English obstetrician (d. 1897)
• February 28
  • Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1883)
  • Ernest Renan, French philosopher, philologist, historian and writer (d. 1892)
• Marchثمانية – Gyula Andrássy, 4th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1890)
• March 14 – Théodore de Banville, French writer (d. 1891)
• March 20 – Ned Buntline, American publisher, writer, and publicist (d. 1886)
• March 23 – Schuyler Colfax, 17th Vice President of the United States from 1869 to 1873 (d. 1885)
• April 1 – Simon Bolivar Buckner, American soldier, politician and Confederate soldier (d. 1914)
• April ثلاثة – William M. Tweed, American political boss (d. 1878)
• April أربعة – Carl Wilhelm Siemens, German engineer (d. 1883)
• April 24 – Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, 27th President of Mexico (d. 1889)
• April 25 – Abdülmecid I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1861)
• May 2 – Emma Hardinge Britten (و. Emma Floyd), English-born spiritualist (d. 1899)
• Mayتسعة – Frederick Weld, 6th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1891)
• May 15
  • Youssef Bey Karam, Lebanese nationalist leader (d. 1889)
  • Thomas Lake Harris, American poet (d. 1906)
• May 17 – Henry Eckford, British horticulturist (d. 1905)
• May 22 – Solomon Bundy, American politician (d. 1889)
• May 26 – William Pryor Letchworth, American businessman, philanthropist, founder of Letchworth State Park, New York
• Julyستة – Sophie Adlersparre, Swedish feminist (d. 1895)
• June 13 – David Breakenridge Read, Canadian lawyer, Mayor of Toronto (d. 1904)
• June 21 – Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (d. 1873)

يوليو-ديسمبر

• Julyتسعة (date uncertain) – Phineas Gage, improbable American head injury survivor (d. 1860)
• July 18
  • Félix du Temple de la Croix, French Army Captain, aviation pioneer (d. 1890)
  • Leonard Fulton Ross, American Civil War general (d. 1901)
• July 23 – Coventry Patmore, English poet (d. 1896)
• August ثلاثة – Thomas Francis Meagher, American Civil War general (d. 1867)
• August أربعة – Oliver P. Morton, American politician (d. 1877)
• Augustخمسة – Eliza Tibbets, mother of the California orange industry (d. 1898)
• August 10
  • Hugh Stowell Brown, Manx preacher (d.1886)
  • Charles Keene, English artist, illustrator (d. 1891)
• August 11 – Charlotte Mary Yonge, English author (d. 1901)
• August 13 – Goldwin Smith, English historian (d. 1910)
• August 14 – Karel Miry, Belgian composer (d. 1889)
• August 15 – Orris S. Ferry, American Civil War general, politician (d. 1875)
• August 26 – Wilhelm Troszel, Polish composer (d. 1887)
• September 15 – Hugh Buchanan, American politician (d. 1890)
• September 23 – James Black, American temperance movement leader (d. 1893)
• November 1 – Lascăr Catargiu, 4-time Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1899)
• Novemberثمانية – Joseph Monier, French inventor (d. 1906)
• November 16 – Henry G. Davis, American politician (d. 1916)
• November 18 – Charles H. Bell American politician (d. 1893)
• November 25 – Henry Wirz, Confederate military officer, prisoner-of-war camp commander (d. 1865)
• Decemberستة – Friedrich Max Müller, German Orientalist (d. 1900)
• Decemberتسعة – Rosalie Olivecrona, Swedish women's rights activist (d. 1898)
• December 13 – Ferdinand Büchner, German composer (d. 1906)
• December 22 – Thomas Wentworth Higginson, American Unitarian minister, abolitionist (d. 1911)
• December 27 – Mackenzie Bowell, 5th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1917)

Date Unknown

• Manolache Costache Epureanu, 2-time Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1880)
• Andrzej Jerzy Mniszech, Polish painter (d. 1905)

وفيات

يناير-يونيو

• January 21 – Gideon Olin, American politician (و. 1743)
• January 26 – Edward Jenner, English physician, medical researcher (و. 1749)
• January 27 – Charles Hutton, English mathematician (و. 1737)
• Februaryسبعة – Ann Radcliffe, English writer (و. 1764)
• February 21 – Charles Wolfe, Irish poet (و. 1791)
• March 1 – Pierre-Jean Garat, French Basque opera singer (و. 1764)
• Marchخمسة – Magdalena Rudenschöld, Swedish conspirator (و. 1766)
• March 14
  • Charles François Dumouriez, French general (و. 1739)
  • John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, British Royal Navy admiral (و. 1735)
• March 18 – Jean-Baptiste Bréval, French cellist (و. 1753)
• March 19 – Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski, Polish aristocrat and patron of the arts (و. 1734)
• June 1 – Louis-Nicolas Davout, French marshal (و. 1770)
• June 19 – William Combe, English writer, poet and adventurer (و. 1742)

يوليو-ديسمبر

• Augustسبعة – Mátyás Laáb, Croatian writer, translator (و. 1746)
• August 18 – John Treadwell, the fourth Governor of Connecticut (و. 1745)
• August 20 – Pope Pius VII, Italian Benedictine (و. 1742)
• August 22 – Lazare Carnot, French general, politician and mathematician (و. 1753)
• August 30 – Pierre Prévost, French panorama painter (و. 1764)
• September 11 – David Ricardo, English economist (و. 1772)
• September 17 – Abraham-Louis Breguet, Swiss horologist, inventor (و. 1747)
• September 23 – Matthew Baillie, Scottish physician, pathologist (و. 1761)
• September 28 – Charlotte Melmoth, English-born American actress (و. 1749)
• Novemberتسعة – Vasily Kapnist, Ukrainian-Russian poet, dramatist (و. 1758)
• December ثلاثة – Giovanni Battista Belzoni, Italian explorer, pioneer archaeologist of Egypt (و. 1778)
• date unknown - Agnes Ibbetson, English plant physiologist (و. 1757)

الهامش