تكساس الإسپانية
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تكساس الإسپانية كانت واحدة من المقاطعات الداخلية في نائبية إسپانيا الجديدة الاستعمارية الاسبانية من 1690 حتى 1821.
التاريخ
Spain had claimed ownership of the territory, which comprised part of the present-day U.S. state of Texas, including the land north of the Medina and Nueces Rivers, but did not attempt to colonize the area until after locating evidence of the failed French colony of Fort Saint Louis in 1689. In 1690, Alonso de León escorted several Catholic missionaries to east Texas, where they established the first mission in Texas. When native tribes resisted the Spanish invasion of their homeland, the missionaries returned to Mexico, abandoning Texas for the next two decades.
The Spanish returned to southeastern Texas in 1716, establishing several missions and a presidio to maintain a buffer between Spanish territory and the French colonial Louisiana district of New France. Two years later in 1718, the first civilian settlement in Texas, San Antonio, was established as a way station between the missions and the next-nearest existing settlement. The new town quickly became a target for raids by the Lipan Apache.
محاولات الاستعمار الأولى
الإرساليات
النزاع مع فرنسا
صعوبات الاستيطان
غارات الأپاتشي
السلام مع فرنسا
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1740 | 437–560 |
| 1762 | 514–661 |
| 1770 | 860 |
| 1777 | 1,351 |
| 1780 | 1,463 |
النزاع مع الأمريكان الأصليين
Karankawa difficulties
السلام مع الهنود الحمر
Comanchería
النزاع مع الولايات المتحدة
نهاية الفترة الاسبانية
Legacy
See also
- Spanish Texas topics
- Pre-statehood history of Texas
المراجع
- ^ Chipman (1992), p. 187.
- ^ Chipman (1992), p. 188.
Notes
Sources
- Anderson, Gary Clayton (1999), The Indian Southwest, 1580–1830: Ethnogenesis and Reinvention, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, ISBN 0-8061-3111-X, https://books.google.com/books?id=1KS904za-g8C
- Chipman, Donald E. (2010), Spanish Texas, 1519–1821 (revised ed.), Austin: University of Texas Press, ISBN 0-292-77659-4, https://books.google.com/books?id=tzAB5n6p5UQC
- Edmondson, J. R. (2000), The Alamo Story: From History to Current Conflicts, Plano: Republic of Texas Press, ISBN 1-55622-678-0, https://books.google.com/books?id=nb46Ye6Nb8MC
- Thonhoff, Robert H. (2000), The Texas Connection With The American Revolution, Austin: Eakin Press, ISBN 1-57168-418-2
- Weber, David J. (1992), The Spanish Frontier in North America, Yale Western Americana Series, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-05198-0, https://books.google.com/books?id=MUCmD15yEAYC
- Weddle, Robert S. (1995), Changing Tides: Twilight and Dawn in the Spanish Sea, 1763–1803, Centennial Series of the Association of Former Students Number 58, College Station: Texas A&M University Press, ISBN 0-89096-661-3, https://books.google.com/books?id=luH4W_mOz4sC
للاستزادة
- Chipman, Donald E.; Joseph, Harriett Denise (1999). . Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN .
نطقب:Spanish Texas
