ديمغرافيا رواندا

هذا الموضوع هوعن السمات الديمغرافية لسكان رواندا، بما في ذلك population density, ethnicity, education higher level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Rwanda's population density, even after the 1994 genocide, is among the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa at 230 نسمة لكل كيلومتر مربع (600/ميل²). This country has few villages, and nearly every family lives in a self-contained compound on a hillside. The urban concentrations are grouped around administrative centers.

Over half of the adult population is literate, but no more than 5% have received secondary education.

الجماعات العرقية

The indigenous population largely consists of three ethnic groups. The Hutus, who comprise the majority of the population (85%), are farmers of Bantu origin. The Tutsis (14% before the Genocide, probably less than 10% now) are a pastoral people who arrived in the area in the 15th century. Until 1959, they formed the dominant caste under a feudal system based on cattleholding.

The Twa (pygmies) (1%) and Jabiyans are thought to be the remnants of the earliest settlers of the region.

التعداد

In 1950, Rwanda had a very narrow population pyramid, with less than 250,000 males and females between 0–10 years old. The graph only gets narrower as it goes up with virtually no-one living past 50 years of age. In 2017, we see the population of Rwanda increase dramatically from 1950 with about 750,000 people between 0–20 years old, the graph remains very narrow in the older ages section but has improved from 1950. By 2050, it is predicted that more people will be living longer and the structure will broaden overall. By 2100, it is predicted that there will be more people aged between 30–60 than between 0–20 as previous years have shown.

A graph showing Rwanda's total population, Data of FAO, year 2005; number of inhabitants in thousands.

According to the 2017 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 11,917,508 in 2016, compared to only 2,072,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 42.6%, 54.7% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.7% was 65 years or older .

التعداد
	Total population (بالآلاف)	Population aged 0–14 (%)	Population aged 15–64 (%)	Population aged 65+ (%)
1950	2,072	45.1	52.3	2.6
1955	2,386	46.3	50.8	2.9
1960	2,771	48.1	49.1	2.8
1965	3,221	47.8	49.5	2.7
1970	3,749	47.8	49.7	2.5
1975	4,390	47.7	49.9	2.4
1980	5,179	48.1	49.7	2.2
1985	6,081	48.9	49.1	2.0
1990	7,110	49.1	48.7	2.2
1995	5,570	48.4	49.3	2.3
2000	8,098	45.4	52.0	2.6
2005	9,202	42.4	55.0	2.7
2010	10,624	42.6	54.7	2.7
2012	10,516	41.16	55.65	3.19

التوزيع العمري للسكان

Structure of the population (1 July 2012 estimates, data refer to national projections):

المجموعة العمرية	ذكور	إناث	الإجمالي	%
Total	5,342,112	5,691,029	11,033,141	100
0–4	973,447	957,104	1,930,551	17.50
5–9	770,292	763,709	1,534,001	13.90
10–14	608,836	621,378	1,230,213	11.15
15–19	552,629	568,101	1,120,730	10.16
20–24	525,485	550,486	1,075,971	9.75
25–29	508,839	540,872	1,049,712	9.51
30–34	366,700	416,072	782,772	7.09
35–39	241,362	291,340	532,702	4.83
40–44	197,005	228,728	425,733	3.86
45–49	165,096	193,402	358,499	3.25
50–54	153,080	180,759	333,839	3.03
55–59	107,200	132,234	239,433	2.17
60–64	71,924	92,299	164,223	1.49
65–69	38,125	58,585	96,710	0.88
70–74	29,285	46,236	75,521	0.68
75–79	17,736	27,557	45,293	0.41
80+	15,071	22,178	37,239	0.34

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	2,352,575	2,342,191	4,694,766	42.55
15–64	2,889,320	3,194,282	6,083,602	55.14
65+	100,217	154,556	254,773	2.31

Structure of the population (DHS 2013; males 9,546, females 10,726, total 20,272):

Age Group	Male (%)	Female (%)	Total (%)
0–4	16.2	14.5	15.3
5–9	15.2	13.5	14.3
10–14	14.0	12.6	13.3
15–19	10.3	9.9	10.1
20–24	8.2	9.0	8.6
25–29	8.3	8.3	8.3
30–34	7.2	7.3	7.3
35–39	4.4	4.9	4.7
40–44	3.5	4.3	4.0
45–49	3.1	3.6	3.3
50–54	3.1	3.4	3.3
55–59	2.1	2.3	2.2
60–64	1.7	2.1	1.9
65–69	1.0	1.5	1.3
70–74	0.6	1.1	0.9
75–79	0.5	0.6	0.6
80+	0.6	0.9	0.8

Age group	Male (%)	Female (%)	Total (%)
0–14	45.4	40.6	42.9
15–64	51.9	55.3	53.5
65+	2.7	4.1	3.6

الإحصائيات الحيوية

Registration of vital events is in Rwanda not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.

Period	Live births per year	Deaths per year	Natural change per year	CBR*	CDR*	NC*	TFR*	IMR*
1950–1955	118,000	55,000	63,000	52.9	24.7	28.1	8.00	160
1955–1960	137,000	60,000	77,000	53.3	23.4	29.9	8.15	152
1960–1965	155,000	65,000	90,000	51.9	21.9	30.0	8.15	143
1965–1970	178,000	72,000	106,000	51.0	20.7	30.3	8.10	137
1970–1975	211,000	82,000	128,000	51.8	20.3	31.5	8.20	134
1975–1980	250,000	92,000	158,000	52.3	19.3	33.0	8.25	132
1980–1985	294,000	92,000	202,000	52.2	16.3	35.9	8.25	124
1985–1990	326,000	123,000	203,000	49.4	18.7	30.7	7.80	120
1990–1995	258,000	263,000	−5,000	40.7	41.5	−0.8	6.30	128
1995–2000	278,000	136,000	142,000	40.7	19.9	20.8	6.00	118
2000–2005	344,000	125,000	219,000	39.8	14.4	25.4	5.60	108
2005–2010	404,000	122,000	281,000	40.7	12.3	28.4	5.43	100
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman) We can also see that in 1990-1995 had a large decrease in population. This is due to the fact 1994 was the center of a genocide.

Births and deaths

Year	Population	Live births	Deaths	Natural increase	Crude birth rate	Crude death rate	Rate of natural increase	TFR
2012		404,067	139,499	264,568

الخصوبة والمواليد

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):

Year	CBR (Total)	TFR (Total)	CBR (Urban)	TFR (Urban)	CBR (Rural)	TFR (Rural)
1992	40.0	6.23 (4.2)	38.0	4.51 (3.3)	41.0	6.33 (4.3)
2000		5.8 (4.7)		5.2 (4.1)		5.9 (4.8)
2005	43.2	6.1 (4.6)	39.8	4.9 (3.6)	43.8	6.3 (4.8)
2007–08	39.2	5.5 (3.7)	37.4	4.7 (3.3)	39.6	5.7 (3.8)
2010	34.4	4.6 (3.1)	30.6	3.4 (2.6)	35.0	4.8 (3.2)
2014–15	32.6	4.2 (3.1)	34.3	3.6 (2.7)	32.3	4.3 (3.2)

Fertility data as of 2014–15 (DHS Program):

Province	Total fertility rate	Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant	Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
Kigali	3.6	6.9	4.6
South	4.0	6.9	5.0
West	4.6	7.4	5.9
North	3.7	6.3	5.6
East	4.6	8.4	5.9

العمر المتسقط

Period	Life expectancy in Years	Period	Life expectancy in Years
1950–1955	40.0	1985–1990	48.1
1955–1960	41.5	1990–1995	23.7
1960–1965	43.0	1995–2000	44.7
1965–1970	44.1	2000–2005	50.6
1970–1975	44.6	2005–2010	60.1
1975–1980	45.8	2010–2015	65.2
1980–1985	49.8

Source: UN

الإحصائيات الديمغرافية الأخرى

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.

One birth every 1 minutes
One death everyسبعة minutes
One net migrant every 58 minutes
Net gain of one person every 2 minutes

The following demographic are from the CIA World Factbook unless otherwise indicated.

التعداد

12,187,400 (July 2018 est.)

11,901,484 (July 2017 est.)

التوزيع العمري

Population pyramid of Rwanda in 2017

0–14 years: 40.98% (male 2,521,169 / female 2,473,055)

15–24 years: 19.45% (male 1,187,249 / female 1,183,278)

25–54 years: 32.93% (male 1,903,087 / female 2,109,839)

55–64 years: 4.15% (male 225,273 / female 280,545)

65 years and over: 2.49% (male 120,952 / female 182,953) (2018 est.)

العمر الأوسط

total: 19.2 years. Country comparison to the world: 200th

male: 18.5 years

female: 20 years (2018 est.)

Total: 19 years

Male: 18.3 years

Female: 19.8 years (2017 est.)

معدل المواليد

29.8 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 39th

نسبة الوفيات

6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 154th

معدل الخصوبة الإجمالي

3.75 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 41st

معدل النموالسكاني

2.3% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 34th

2.45% (2017 est.)

متوسط عمر الأم عند أول ولادة

23 years (2014/15 est.)

note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

معدل شيوع منع الحمل

53.2% (2014/15)

معدل الهجرة الصافي

0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 68th

معدل الاعتماد

total dependency ratio: 77.3 (2015 est.)

youth dependency ratio: 72.4 (2015 est.)

elderly dependency ratio:خمسة (2015 est.)

potential support ratio: 20.1 (2015 est.)

التمدن

urban population: 17.2% of total population (2018)

rate of urbanization: 2.86% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

العمر المتسقط عند الميلاد

total population: 64.5 years (2018 est.)

male: 62.6 years (2018 est.)

female: 66.5 years (2018 est.)

total population: 64.3 years

male: 62.3 years

female: 66.3 years (2017 est.)

نسبة الجنسين

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.70 male(s)/female
total population: 1.00 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

الجنسية

noun: Rwandan(s)/Rwandese
adjective: Rwandan/Rwandese

الجماعات العرقية

هوتو83%
توتسي 16%
توا 1%

الأديان

Protestant 49.5% (includes Adventist 11.8% and other Protestant 37.7%), Roman Catholic 43.7%, Muslim 2%, other 0.9% (includes Jehovah's Witness), none 2.5%, unspecified 1.3% (2012 est.)

اللغات

Kinyarwanda only (official universal Bantu vernacular) 93.2%
Kinyarwanda and other language(s) 6.2%
French (official) and other language(s) 0.1%
English (official) and other language(s) 0.1%
Swahili (or Kiswahili used in commercial centers) 0.02%
Other 0.03%
Unspecified 0.3% (2002 est.)

الانفاق على التعليم

3.5% من ن.م.إ. (2016)

القراءة والكتابة

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

total population: 70.5% (2015 est.)

male: 73.2% (2015 est.)

female: 68% (2015 est.)

سنوات التعليم المتسقطة (الابتدائي والإعدادي والثانوي)

total: 11 years (2017)

male: 11 years (2017)

female: 11 years (2017)

البطالة، الشباب أعمار 15-24

total: 1.9% (2014 est.)

male: 1.4% (2014 est.)

female: 2.5% (2014 est.)

انظر أيضاً

Silas Niyibizi

المراجع

^ https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Graphs/DemographicProfiles/
^ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
^ Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
^ "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". Retrieved 6 September 2016.
^ http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/vitstats/serATab3.pdf
^ "MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys". Retrieved 6 September 2016.
^ http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR316/FR316.pdf
^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". Retrieved 2017-07-28.
^ {{{author , Rwanda Population 2019, [[{{{publisher ]], [[{{{date ]].
^ {{{author , The World FactBook - Niger, [[{{{publisher ]], July 12, 2018. هذا الموضوع يضم نصاً من هذا المصدر، الذي هومشاع.
^ "Africa :: RWANDA". CIA The World Factbook.