الدراسات السكانية أوالديمغرافيا هوفرع من فهم الاجتماع يفهم الخصائص السكانية البشرية، مثل إحصائيات زيادة عدد السكان، والكثافة السكانية، والتوزع السكاني الجغرافي، ونسب المواليد والوفيات، ونسب الأمراض، والحالات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، والهجرات غير الشرعية، ونسب الأعمار والجنس، ومستوى الدخل، وغير ذلك في إحدى المناطق. تهدف الدراسات السكانية لفهم سبب امتلاك العائلات لعدد أطفالها، والأسباب المؤثرة على زيادة نسب الوفيات، وأسباب الهجرة والتوزع الجغرافي. فهم الخصائص السكانية لمجتمع ما أمر ضروري لتحديد الاحتياجات البشرية الحالية والمستقبلية.

تمثل الدراسات السكانية الطريقة المبدأية لفهم المجتمع البشري، فبالإضافة إلى تحققها من عدد البشر في منطقة معينة، تحدد سبب زيادة أونقصان هذا العدد عن الإحصائية السابقة وتفسر هذا الأمر. كما تقدر الدراسات الميول المستقبلية لحدوث تغيير سكاني.

تاريخ

يعتبر ابن خلدون (1332-1406) "أبوالدراسات السكانية" لتحليله الاقتصادي للمؤسسة الاجتماعية الذي ابتكر أول عمل فهمي ونظري عن السكان والتنمية وديناميكا الجماعات. وقد وضعت مقدمته الأساس لملاحظاته عن دور الدولة, الإتصالات والنادىية في التاريخ.

أنواع فهم السكان

• تاريخي: يفهم المجتمعات القديمة.
• وصفي: يفهم عدد السكان في مجتمع ما بالإضافة إلى التوزع الجغرافي والتطور.
• نظري: يفهم القضايا السكانية.

مراجع

• التربية البيئية والسكانية

طالع أيضاً

• Demographics of present-day nations and states
• Biodemography
• Biodemography of human longevity
• Demographic analysis
• Linguistic demography
• Nurgaliev's law
• Religious demography
• Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality
• Globalization and Health
• Important publications in demography
• Medieval demography
• سكان
• جغرافيا السكان
• Population statistics
• الصحة التناسلية
• فهم الاجتماع
• Social surveys: General Social Survey, ALLBUS, GSOEP, PSID, European Social Survey, World Values Survey, National Longitudinal Survey

قراءات اضافية

• Glad, John. 2008. Future Human Evolution: Eugenics in the Twenty-First Century. Hermitage Publishers, ISBN 1-55779-154-6 [1]
• Preston, Samuel, Patrick Heuveline, and Michel Guillot. 2000. Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell Publishing.
• Paul R. Ehrlich (1968), The Population Bomb Controversial Neo-Malthusianist pamphlet
• Leonid A. Gavrilov & Natalia S. Gavrilova (1991), The Biology of Life Span: A Quantitative Approach. New York: Harwood Academic Publisher, ISBN 3-7186-4983-7
• Phillip Longman (2004), The Empty Cradle: how falling birth rates threaten global prosperity and what to do about it
• Joe McFalls (2007), Population: A Lively Introduction, Population Reference Bureau [2]
• Ben J. Wattenberg (2004), How the New Demography of Depopulation Will Shape Our Future. Chicago: R. Dee, ISBN 1-56663-606-X
• Andrey Korotayev, Artemy Malkov, & Daria Khaltourina (2006). Introduction to Social Macrodynamics: Compact Macromodels of the World System Growth. Moscow: URSS, ISBN 5-484-00414-4 [3]

وصلات خارجية

• Demographic mapping and reporting for the UK
• Demography at the University of Southampton
• PAA The Population Association of America is a society of professionals working in the population field. PAA members include demographers, sociologists, economists and public health professionals.
• Demography Demography is the official journal of the Population Association of America.
• International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) IIASA is a non-governmental research institution studying sustainability and the human dimensions of global change for the scientific community, policy makers and the public.
• Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, the UK's largest research centre focusing on demography and reproductive health.
• Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica RIEDS, Italian Review of Economics Demography and Statistics, Sieds(in Italian, some articles are in English).
• Committee for International Cooperation in National Research in Demographyaims at developing cooperation amongst national population research centres, and encouraging new research
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research The MPIDR began its activities in October 1996, but it has already become one of the largest non-governmental research bodies in demography in the world.
• Population Studies a journal of demography.
• Online Journal Demographic Research A free, open access, expedited, peer-reviewed journal of the population sciences published regularly on the web.
• Historicalstatistics.org Links to historical demographic and economic statistics
• The Population Reference Bureau has two introduction to demography texts on line. "Population Handbook" and "Population: A Lively Introduction".
• Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan one of the oldest and most active demography research centers in the United States.
• Hopkins Population Center Hopkins Population Center was established in 1971 with a mandate to stimulate and facilitate interdisciplinary population research. It is the only NICHD funded center in a school of public health.
• Population Studies Center at the University of Pennsylvania since 1962 turning life into statistics.
• Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley
• Département de démographie, Université de Montréal
• Department of Demography,Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
• Institute National d'Etudes Démographiques French National Institute
• Population and Health graduate program Population and Health Graduate Program in the Dept of Population and Family Health Sciences at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
• Center for Demography and Ecology at the University of Wisconsin,Madison one of the leading centers of demographic research in the world.
• CensusScope U.S. Social Demography site containing data, charts, and color coded maps for country, state, county, and metropolitan geographies.
• PopulationData.net Information and maps about populations around the world. French, with Babelfish translation.
• Phillip Longman, New Statesman, 31 May 2004, "Everywhere, even in Africa, the world is running out of children"
• Ed Stephan's Timeline of Demography Highlights in the history of demography from 3800 BC to 2000 AD.
• United Nations Population Division Homepage(e.g. Population Estimates and Projections Data Online)
• UN 2004 population projections
• NationMasterNationMaster is a vast compilation of data from such sources as the CIA World Factbook, UN, and OECD.
• Java Simulation of Population Dynamics.