أتول ميدواي
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Unincorporated U.S. Territory
Midway Islands
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|---|---|---|
Island | ||
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| النشيد: "The Star-Spangled Banner" | ||
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Satellite image of Midway Atoll
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 Unincorporated U.S. Territory Unincorporated U.S. Territory | ||
| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: | ||
| Country |
 الولايات المتحدة
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|
| Country subdivision | United States Minor Outlying Islands | |
| Claimed by U.S | August 28, 1867 | |
| المساحة | ||
| • الإجمالية | 25٫6 ميل² (66٫3 كم²) | |
| • البر | 2٫4 ميل² (6٫2 كم²) | |
| • Lagoon | 23٫2 ميل² (60٫1 كم²) | |
| التعداد(2010) | ||
| • الإجمالي | 0 | |
| • تقدير (2018) | 40 | |
| • الكثافة | 0�0/sq mi (0�0/km2) | |
| منطقة التوقيت | Samoa Time (UTC−11:00) | |
أتول ميدواي Midway Atoll (
//; تسمى أيضاً جزيرة ميدواي and جزر ميدواي; هاواي: Pihemanu Kauihelani)
is a 2.4-ميل-مربع (6.2 kم2) هي جزيرة مرجانية في شمال المحيط الهادئ، قرب نهاية الشمال الغربي من أرخبيل هاواي، تقريباً عند ثلث الطريق بين هونولولو، بين هاواي، وطوكيو، اليابان. وهي فريدة من نوعها بين جزر هاواي، في منتصف الطريق يلاحظ UTC-11 (المعروف أيضا باسم توقيت ساموا)، إحدى عشرة ساعة قبل حسب التوقيت العالمي وساعة واحدة بعد i. Midway Atoll is an unorganized, unincorporated territory of الولايات المتحدة، and the former home of the Midway Naval Air Station (former ICAO PMDY). It is less than 140 ميل بحريs (259 kم; 161 ميل) east of the International Date Line, about 2,800 ميل بحريs (5,200 kم; 3,200 ميل) west of San Francisco, and 2,200 ميل بحريs (4,100 kم; 2,500 ميل) east of Tokyo. It consists of a ring-shaped barrier reef and several sand islets. The two significant pieces of land, Sand Island and Eastern Island, are habitat for millions of seabirds. The island sizes are shown here:
| Island | acres | hectares |
|---|---|---|
| Sand Island | 1,200 | 486 |
| Eastern Island | 334 | 135 |
| Spit Island | 6 | 2 |
| Midway Atoll | 1,540 | 623 |
| Lagoon | 14,800 | 6,000 |
According to other sources, Sand Island measures 1,250 أكرs (510 ها) in area and the lagoon within the fringing rim of coral reef 9,900 أكرs (4,000 ها). The atoll, which has a small population (approximately 60 in 2009, but no indigenous inhabitants), is designated an insular area under the authority of the U.S. Department of the Interior. The Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, encompassing 590,991.50 أكرs (239,165.77 ها) of land and water (mostly water) in the surrounding area, is administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). The visitor program reopened in January 2008 and there are facilities for visitors. Travel to the Atoll is possible through organized tour companies or as a FWS volunteer. The tours focus on the ecology of Midway and the military history. The economy is derived solely from governmental sources and tourist fees. All food and manufactured goods are imported. The refuge and most of its surrounding area are part of the larger Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.
Midway, as its name suggests, lies nearly halfway between North America and Asia, and almost halfway around the world from Greenwich, England. For statistical purposes, Midway is grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands.
Midway was the focus point of the Battle of Midway, one of the most important naval battles of the Pacific Campaign in الحرب العالمية الثانية, fought on June 4–6, 1942. Nearby the islands, the United States Navy defeated a Japanese attack against the Midway Islands, marking a turning point in the war in the Pacific Theater.
الجغرافيا والجيولوجيا
التاريخ
القرن 19
أوائل القرن 20
الحرب العالمية الثانية
World War II Facilities at Midway | |
السجل الوطني للأماكن التاريخية | |
منطقة مفهم تاريخي وطني أمريكي | |
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Burning oil tanks during the Battle of Midway
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| المسقط | Sand Island, Midway Islands, United States Minor Outlying Islands |
|---|---|
| بُنيَ | 1941 |
| المعماري | United States Navy |
| NRHP reference # | خطأ لوا: invalid capture index %2 in replacement string. |
| تواريخ بارزة | |
| أضيف إلى NRHP | May 28, 1987 |
| Designated NHLD | May 28, 1987 |
الحرب الڤيتنامية-الكورية
| التعداد التاريخي | ||
|---|---|---|
| السنة | تعداد | ±% |
| 1970 | 2٬220 | — |
| 1980 | 453 | −79.6% |
| 1990 | 13 | −97.1% |
| 2000 | 4 | −69.2% |
| 2010 | 0 | −100.0% |
اختصاص المدنية
الرحلة دلتا ايرلاينز 277
الحياة البرية
القضايا البيئية
Marine debris
التسمم بالرصاص
تسونامي 2011
النقل
انظر أيضاً
- The Wrecker is an 1892 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson set on Midway (called "Middle Brooks and Lower Brooks Island").
هوامش
- ^ USFWS Lands Report, 30 September 2007
- ^ FWS Website, Visiting Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, 30 January 2011
- ^ FWS Website, Volunteer at Midway Atoll NWR, 30 January 2011
- ^ نطقب:NRISref
- ^ NHL designations
- ^ "World War II Facilities at Midway". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved September 5, 2009.
خطأ استشهاد: الوسم <ref> ذوالاسم "FWSbirds" المُعرّف في <references> غير مستخدم في النص السابق.
<ref> ذوالاسم "FWSmarine" المُعرّف في <references> غير مستخدم في النص السابق.
المصادر
- Ladd, H. S.; Tracey, J. I., Jr. & Gross, M. G. (1967). "Drilling on Midway Atoll, Hawaii". Science. 156 (3778): 1088–1095. doi:10.1126/science.156.3778.1088. Also reprinted here.
وصلات خارجية
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الوصلات الخارجية في هذه الموضوعة قد لا تتبع سياسات المحتوى أوالإرشادات. من فضلك حسـِّن هذه الموضوعة بإزالة الوصلات الخارجية الزائدة أوغير المناسبة. |
 |
مشاع الفهم فيه ميديا متعلقة بموضوع [[commons:خطأ لوا في وحدة:WikidataIB على السطر 496: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|خطأ لوا في وحدة:WikidataIB على السطر 496: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]]. |
- Satellite Map and NOAA Chart of Midway on BlooSee
- AirNav - Henderson Field Airport : Airport facilities and navigational aids.
- Diary from the middle of nowhere BBC's environment correspondent David Shukman reports on the threat of plastic rubbish drifting in the North Pacific Gyre to Midway. Accessed 2008-03-26.
- أتول ميدواي travel guide from Wikitravel
- Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (this article incorporated some content from this public domain site)
- NOAA Midway Island Hawaiian Monk Seal Captive Care & Release Project
- a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
- Travel Itinerary
- Past residents of Midway Discussion of Midway related topics by former residents and those interested in Midway.
- U.S. Unincorporated Possessions. Accessed 2008-03-26.
