مسواتي الثالث (وُلِد بإسم Makhosetive في 19 أبريل 1968) هوملك سوازيلاند ورأس العائلة الملكية السوازية. في عام 1986، خلف والده سبوزا كحاكم على المملكة الجنوبية الأفريقية. ويعتبر ملك مطلق, حيث حتى له السلطة في تعيين رئيس الوزراء، أعضاء مجلس الوزراء, والقضاة. ومع ذلك، فإنه مقيد بدرجة ما بالتنطقيد السوازية وليس له الحق في اختيار وريثه في الحكم.

اشتهر عن مسواتي الثالث حبه للترف، وتعدد الزوجات، وانتقد في الخارج لاهتمامه باحتياجاته الشخصية على حساب بلده وشعبه. في عام 2001 سعى لكبح وباء الإيدز عن طريق الالتزام بطقوس العفة القديمة، umchwasho، والتي تمنع النساء من اقامة علاقات جنسية قبل سن الثامنة عشر. وحسب تقرير 2008 في نيويورك تايمز، عن سوازيلاند، فإن مستواتي شخصية تحظى بالاحترام والشعبية لدرجة كبيرة. وبالرغم من ذلك، فإن سياسة ونمط حياته المترف أثار انتقادات دولية ومحلية كبيرة.

حياته المبكرة

هونجل الملك سبوزا الثاني (والذي كان متزوجا من 70 زوجة وكان لديه في وقت وفاته 1000 حفيد) وهوالطفل الوحيد من نتومبي تفوالا، إحدى أصغر زوجات الملك سبوزا الثاني. ولد في مستشفى رالف فيتكين التذكاري، قبل أربع شهور من استقلال سوازيلاند عن بريطانيا. بعد ولادته مضىت ووالدته للاقامة في إحدى مقرات اقامة الملك سبوزا بالقرب من قصر ماساندويني. وكان اسمه مولده ماكهوستيڤ (ملك الأمم).

As a young prince, Makhosetive attended Masundwini Primary School and Lozitha Palace School. He sat for the Swaziland Primary Certificate examination in December 1982 at Phondo Royal Residence and got a First Class with merit in Mathematics and English. He developed a great interest in the royal guard, becoming the first young cadet to join the Umbutfo Swaziland Defence Force (USDF).

When king Sobhuza II died in 1982, the Great Council of State (the Liqoqo) selected the 14-year-old prince Makhosetive to be the next king. For the next four years two wives of the late king Sobhuza II, Empress Dzeliwe Shongwe (1982-1983) and Empress Ntombi Tfwala (1983-1986), served as regent while he continued his education in England, attending Sherborne School, before he was called back to take over.

الملك

نطقب:Swazi Royal Family He was introduced as Crown Prince in September 1983 and was crowned king on April 25, 1986, aged 18 years andستة days, and thus making him the youngest reigning monarch until the ascension of King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck of Bhutan on December 14, 2006; he was also the youngest head of state until Joseph Kabila took office on January 26, 2001 as President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The king and his mother, whose title is Indlovukazi (Great She-Elephant), rule jointly.

Today he is Africa's last absolute monarch in the sense that he has the power to choose the prime minister, other top government posts and top traditional posts. Even though he makes the appointments, he still has to get special advice from the queen mother and council, for example when he chooses the prime minister. In matters of cabinet appointments, he gets advice from the prime minister. He inherited a rule by decree, but did restore the nation's Parliament, which had been dissolved by his father in order to ensure concentration of power remained with the king.

The country has its own type of democracy called the Tinkhundla system and has a constitution which allows freedom of assembly and free speech for both the media and the public. The Swaziland media in conferences with other regional media houses (MISA) says it is free to report as it pleases.

In an attempt to mitigate the HIV and AIDS pandemic in 2001, the king used his traditional powers to invoke a time-honoured chastity rite (umcwasho, which encouraged all Swazi maidens to abstain from sexual relations for five years. This rite banned sexual relations for Swazis under 50 years of age fromتسعة September 2001 and 19 August 2005 , but just two months after imposing the ban, he violated this decree when he married a 17-year-old girl, who became his 13th wife. As per custom, he was fined a cow by members of her regiment, which he duly paid.

الخلافة

In Swaziland no king can appoint his successor. Only an independent special traditional Council called the Liqoqo decides which of the wives shall be "Great Wife" and "Indlovukazi" (She-Elephant / Queen Mother). The son of this "Great Wife" will automatically become the next king.

The "Great Wife" must only have one child who is a boy (A king cannot have a sister or a brother) and be of good character. Her character affects her child's chances of ascending to the status of king. According to Swazi culture, a son cannot be the heir if his mother is not of good standing. She must not bear the maiden name of Nkhosi-Dlaminiنطقب:Huh and she must not be a ritual wife (i.e. the eldest son is never the heir).

زوجاته

لدى الملك الآن 14 زوجة و23 طفل. أول زوجتين للملك تم اختيارهما له عن طريق المستشارين الوطنيين. ولهاتين الزوجتين وظائف خاصة في الطقوس ولن يصبح أبنائهما ملوكا أبدا. أول زوجة يجب حتى تكون من قبيلة ماتسبولا، والثانية من قبيلة موتسا. اتباعاً للتنطقيد، يمكنه الزواج فقط من بنات عمه بعد حملهم، للتأكد من قدرتهن على انجاب أولياء العهد. حتى يحدث هذا يطلق عليهم liphovela، أو"عرائس".

حسب التنطقيد السوازية، فمن المتسقط حتى يتزوج الملك إمرأة من جميع قبيلة رغبة في تدعيم العلاقات بين جميع أجزاء سوازيلاند. ويعني هذا حتى الملك يجب حتى يتزوج من نساء عدة. في سبتمبر 2008, اختار مسواتي زوجته الرابعة عشر.

هذه قائمة غير كاملة، قد يستحيل حتى تستوفي بعض معايير الاكتمال.

التعديلات والإضافات المدعومة بمراجع مرحب بها.

• Inkhosikati (الملكة) LaMatsebula—Ritual wife. Has a degree in Psychology.
  • Son: HRH Prince Sicalo
  • Son: Prince Maveletiveni
• Inkhosikati LaMotsa—Ritual wife. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Goodwill Ambassador since 1996.
  • الابن: Prince Majahonkhe (1991)
  • Son: "Prince Buhlebenkhosi"
  • Son: "Prince Lusuku"

• 1986 Inkhosikati LaMbikiza—(born 16 June 1969 as Sibonelo Mngomezulu) Daughter of Percy Mngomezulu; an advocate, received her degree from UNISA. LaMbikiza is involved in the Swazi Royal Initiative to Combat AIDS (RICA). The initiative involves the recording of songs by Swazi, South African and international artists and the proceeds of the sales are allocated to programmes aimed at helping people affected by AIDS. http://www.queensibonelo.com/
  • Daughter: Princess Sikhanyiso Dlamini (1987)
  • Son: Prince Jabree Dlamini I (Lindani) (1989)
• Inkhosikati LaNgangaza —(born Carol Dlamini) [Patron of world organisation "Hospice at Home" previously headed by Diana, Princess of Wales.
  • Daughter: Princess Temaswati Dlamini (1988)
  • Daughter: Princess Tiyandza Dlamini (1992)
  • Daughter: Princess Tebukhosi Dlamini (1994)
• Putsoana Hwala—(born 1974 ??) Known as Inkhosikati LaHwala She left the king on June 24, 2004 and moved to South Africa.
  • Son: Prince Bandzile (1990)
  • Daughter: Princess Temashayina (1994)
• Delisa Magwaza—(born 1974 ??) Known as Inkhosikati LaMagwaza. She also left the king in 2004, after having an affair.
  • Daughter: Princess Temtsimba Dlamini (1992)
  • Daughter: Princess Sakhizwe Dlamini (1999)
• August 2000 Inkhosikati LaMasango—(born 1981 ?? as Senteni Masango)
  • Daughter: "Princess Sentelweyinhosi" (2000)
  • Daughter: "Princess Sibusezweni" (2003)
• December 1998 Inkhosikati LaGija—(born Angel Dlamini)
  • Daughter: "Princess Yenziwe" (2003)
• June 2002 Inkhosikati LaMagongo—(born Nontsetselo Magongo) Niece of Chief Mlobokazana Fakudze, Chief at Mgazini.
  • الابن: Prince Mcwasho (2002)
• November 2002 Inkhosikati LaMahlangu—(born 1984 as Zena Soraya Mahlangu) (see #LaMahlangu controversy below)
  • Son: Prince Saziwangaye (2004)
• May 2005 Inkhosikati LaNtentesa (born 1981 Noliqhwa Ayanda Ntentesa), betrothed November 2002, married in a traditional function held at Ludzidzini Royal Residence May 26, 2005.

• June 2005 Inkhosikati LaDube (born Nothando Dube) a Miss Teen Swaziland finalist at age 16, chosen at the Umhlanga on August 30, 2004 while she was a gradeتسعة pupil at Mater Dolorosa High School. Married 11 June 2005. She became mistress to Ndumiso Mamba.
  • ابنة: Princess Makhosothando (2005)
  • ابن: "Prince Betive" (2007)
• 14 April 2007 Inkhosikati LaNkambule (born Phindile Nkambule), chosen at the Umhlanga in 2005 at age 17.
  • Daughter: "Princess Buhlebetive" (2007)

ألقابه

• 19 أبريل 1968 - 25 أبريل 1986: His Royal Highness Prince Makhosetive of Swaziland
• 25 أبريل 1986–الآن: His Majesty The إنگ‌وِن‌ياما (ملك) سوازيلاند

رسيرة الخوص

نقد

ثروته

جدل لاماهلانگو

خيانة الزوجة الثانية عشر

فيثمانية أغسطس 2010، تم ضبط وزير العدل السوازي مع زوجة الثانية عشر في فندق في العاصمة مبابانه وعندما ضُبط ملتبسا في غرفته بالفندق، قام الوزير بحفر حفرة وسط فراشه للاختباء. وبحسب الكثير من وسائل الإعلام الجنوب أفريقية، فإن الوزير حاليا في السجن في حين تم وضع زوجة الملك، وهي أم لطفلين، تحت الحراسة.

الهوامش

المصادر

• Ginidza, Zodwa R. (1986). Swaziland: Macmillan Swaziland National Pub. Co. 10-ISBN 0-333-40303-7, 13-ISBN 978-0-333-40303-7 OCLC 16874145
• Levin, Richard and Hugh MacMillan. (2003). "Swaziland: Recent History," in London: Routledge. 1-ISBN 1-85743-183-9; 13-ISBN 978-1-85743-183-4
• Simelane, Hamilton Sipho. (2005). "Swaziland: Reign of Mswati III," pp. 1528-1530, in Kevin Shillington, ed. London: CRC Press. 10-ISBN 1-57958-245-1; 13-ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6

وصلات خارجية

• Prominent People: King Mswati III
• Swazi King's Birthday features
• Swazi Royal Family Tree
• BBC News: Troubled King Mswati
• Swaziland king picks wife - BBC Video
• King Mswati III's address to the 63rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, September 25, 2008
• An Extravagant Ruler of a Modest Kingdom - New York Times Movie review
• In Destitute Kingdom, Ruler Lives Like a King
• His Majesty King Mswati III في Internet Movie Database
• في قاعدة بيانات الأفلام الإنترنتية