بلخاش (مدينة)
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Balkhash
Balqash
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City | ||
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Centre of the city
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 Balkhash Balkhash | ||
| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: | ||
| Country | Kazakhstan | |
| Region | Karaganda Region | |
| Founded | 1931 | |
| Incorporated (city) | 1937 | |
| الحكم | ||
| • Akim (mayor) | Nurlan Erikbaevich Aubakirov (since 29 May 2012) | |
| الارتفاع | 440 m (1٬440 ft) | |
| التعداد(2009) | ||
| • City | 68٬833 | |
| • الحضر | 77٬662 | |
| Postal code | 100300 - 100316 | |
| مفتاح الهاتف | +7 71036 | |
| المسقط الإلكتروني | balkhash.kz | |
بلخاش (بالقزخية: Balqash؛ بالروسية: Балхаш؛ بالإنگليزية: Balkhash) هي مدينة في قزخستان, located on the northern shore of the Lake Balkhash, on the Bay Bertys, and in south of Kazakh Uplands. Population of the city: 68٬833 (نتائج تعداد 2009); 65٬431 (نتائج تعداد 1999).
Balkhash was founded in 1937 as an industrial city centred on the mining and smelting of copper, and presently copper is still exploited there. The city lies approximately 500 km west of the Chinese border on the north side of the lake at an altitude of 440 m.
The history of the city is closely connected with mining of deposits of copper and development of a smelting plant.
التاريخ
On 11 April 1937, a small worker's settlement "Pribalhashstroy", designed in connection with the construction of a copper factory - BGMC, was transformed into the city of Balkhash by decision of the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh SSR. In this way, the copper factory effected the city's appearance.
Onتسعة November 1932, the first school was established in the city - school No. 1. The school educated a few children of the builders of the city that time. Among these children was Maria Nicolaevna Guseva (Halova). This school became a matter of her life: firstly she was one of the first pupils. Later, she became a teacher. In 1935, a section for parachuting was opened. Its first director was Dyusembayev.
During the Great Patriotic War (Russian term for World War II), most of the male population was conscripted into the military service and women replaced them in the copper factory.
After World War II, Japanese war prisoners took part in the building of the city. In particular, they built buildings, the "Palace of Metallurgists" and the local airport.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, between 1992 and 1996, the city and its residents, like most former Soviet citizens, experienced an acute crisis, including power outages, weak central heating and intermittent operation of the copper factory. Some people cooked on fires in their yards; in winter they heated their apartments with potbelly stoves. Summer cottages served as an additional source of foodstuffs, contributing to the populace's survival. In the late 1990s, the city's and country's economies stabilised. A new neighborhood was built in the city, the so-called "Canadian cottages". All schools, medical facilities and the college started to function normally.
الادارة والمديريات
Due to the appointment of former Mayor Kadyrzhan Teylyanova as Chairman of the Committee of Fisheries of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nurlan Erikbaevich Aubakirov (born 29.12.1975) has been the mayor of Balkash since 29 May 2012.
Balkhash's city government also administers the urban-type settlements of Sayak (3669 people), Gulshat and Chubar-Tubek (625 people). In May 1997, the city of Balkhash was transferred from Dzhezkazgan Region to Karaganda Region due to a boundary change.
التعداد
The combined population of the city and its urban area is 75,453 people (2010). The ethnic composition on 1 January 2010 was:
- قزخ — 50,307 people (64,94 %)
- روس (شعب)روس — 19,823 people (26,20 %)
- أوكران — 1,169 people (1,94 %)
- ألمان — 1,032 people (1,83 %)
- كوريون — 1,172 people (1,55 %)
- Tatars — 1,080 people (1,43 %)
- Belarusians — 229 people (0,37 %)
- Chechen people — 183 (0,24 %)
- Azerbaijani people — 119 (0,16 %)
- Uzbeks — 112 people (0,15 %)
- Others — 1,134 people (1,50 %)
- In total — 77,662 people (100,00 %)
In recent years, the number of Russian speakers is dramatically declining, but this is more than compensated by an influx of Kazakhs, who come mostly from rural areas, resulting in growth of the city's population after the substantial decline in the 1990s.
المناخ
Balkhash has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with warm summers and very cold winters. Precipitation is low throughout the year. Snow is common, though light, in winter. The lowest temperature on record is −41.2 °م (−42.2 °ف), recorded in December 1938, and the highest temperature is 40.9 °م (105.6 °ف), recorded in July 2005.
| بيانات مناخ بلخاش | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °س (°ف) | 3.9 (39) |
6.1 (43) |
24.5 (76.1) |
32.5 (90.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
37.6 (99.7) |
40.9 (105.6) |
39.5 (103.1) |
37.6 (99.7) |
27.2 (81) |
17.4 (63.3) |
7.5 (45.5) |
40٫9 (105٫6) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | -8.7 (16.3) |
-6.7 (19.9) |
1.7 (35.1) |
14.3 (57.7) |
22.1 (71.8) |
27.9 (82.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
12.9 (55.2) |
3.0 (37.4) |
-5.2 (22.6) |
11٫7 (53٫1) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | -13.3 (8.1) |
-12.1 (10.2) |
-3.6 (25.5) |
8.3 (46.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
24.2 (75.6) |
22.4 (72.3) |
15.6 (60.1) |
7.1 (44.8) |
-1.8 (28.8) |
-9.7 (14.5) |
6٫3 (43٫3) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | -17.6 (0.3) |
-16.8 (1.8) |
-8.2 (17.2) |
3.1 (37.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
16.3 (61.3) |
18.5 (65.3) |
16.3 (61.3) |
9.3 (48.7) |
2.0 (35.6) |
-5.7 (21.7) |
-13.7 (7.3) |
1٫2 (34٫2) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | −40.1 (-40.2) |
-40.2 (-40.4) |
−30.8 (-23.4) |
-14.2 (6.4) |
-5.5 (22.1) |
4.0 (39.2) |
6.9 (44.4) |
3.7 (38.7) |
-4.7 (23.5) |
-14.8 (5.4) |
−32.7 (-26.9) |
−41.2 (-42.2) |
-41٫2 (-42٫2) |
| هطول mm (inches) | 13 (0.51) |
11 (0.43) |
12 (0.47) |
10 (0.39) |
15 (0.59) |
12 (0.47) |
14 (0.55) |
9 (0.35) |
4 (0.16) |
9 (0.35) |
16 (0.63) |
13 (0.51) |
138 (5٫43) |
| % Humidity | 79 | 78 | 74 | 56 | 51 | 46 | 49 | 47 | 47 | 60 | 75 | 79 | 62 |
| Avg. rainy days | 2 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 70 |
| Avg. snowy days | 15 | 14 | 7 | 1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 15 | 61 |
| Sunshine hours | 153 | 179 | 228 | 276 | 335 | 367 | 377 | 363 | 299 | 222 | 151 | 131 | 3٬081 |
| Source #1: pogoda.ru.net | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun only, 1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
معرض صور
Centre of town.
Part of the town beach.
Metallurgical works.
Old metallurgical works.
Monument to victims of reprisals.
Spring. Beach. 22 March 2008.
Lake in the spring time. 22 March 2008.
lake Balkhash
Akim of Balkhash town
Previously, this position was held by Alexander Agliulin. He voluntarily went to the post of akim of Balkhash town. "Erlan Koshanov presented the new head of the city. It was the Way Daurbekov. Prior to the appointment, he headed the Department of economy, " -said the press Secretary of the akim of the region Marina Shapovalova on Facebook.
الاقتصاد
هذا القسم فارغ. بإمكانك المساعدة بأن تضيف إليه. (August 2013)
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البنية التحتية
هذا القسم فارغ. بإمكانك المساعدة بأن تضيف إليه. (August 2013)
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انظر أيضاً
- مطار بلخاش
- بحيرة بلخاش
- Balkhashtsvetmet
المراجع
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مشاع الفهم فيه ميديا متعلقة بموضوع Balkhash city. |
- ^ "Население Республики Казахстан" (in Russian). Департамент социальной и демографической статистики. Retrieved 8 December 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ BNEWS KZ (in russ.)
- ^ Национальный состав населения Казахстана по переписи 2009
- ^ "pogoda.ru.net Погода и Климат". Retrieved October 20, 2016.
- ^ "Balhash Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 10, 2012.
- ^ https://kaz.tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/oraz-taurbekov-balkash-kalasyinyin-akm-boldyi-299442/
وصلات خارجية
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Balkhash. |
- All info of Balkhash
- Info page of BBC about Balkhash town, with picture material
