شركة تايوان لصناعة أشباه الموصلات، المحدودة (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited؛ TSMC؛ الصينية التقليدية: 台灣積體電路製造公司; پن‌ين: Táiwān Jī Tǐ Diànlù Zhìzào Gōngsī)، وتُعهد أيضاً بإسم تايوان لأشباه الموصلات Taiwan Semiconductor، هي أكبر مسبك أشباه موصلات مستقل (مـُكرَّس) في العالم، ويقع مقرها الرئيسي ومركز عملياتها في منطقة شين‌تشوللعلوم والصناعة في شين‌تشو، تايوان.

استعراض

تأسست في تايوان في 1987 على يد موريس تشانگ, TSMC was the world's first dedicated semiconductor foundry and has long been the leading company in its field. بالإضافة إلى أشباه الموصلات، فإن الشركة بدأت الاستثمار في الصناعات المتعلقة بالإضاءة والطاقة الشمسية. وهي مدرجة في كلٍ من بورصة تايوان للأوراق المالية وبورصة نيويورك للأوراق المالية. Mark Liu serves as Chairman and C. C. Wei serves as CEO and Vice Chairman.

Most of the leading fabless semiconductor companies such as Qualcomm, Nvidia, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), MediaTek, Marvell and Broadcom Inc. are customers of TSMC, as well as emerging players such as Spectra7, Spreadtrum, AppliedMicro, Allwinner Technology and HiSilicon, and many smaller companies. Leading programmable logic device companies Xilinx and previously Altera also make or made use of TSMC's foundry services. Some integrated device manufacturers that have their own fabrication facilities like Intel, STMicroelectronics and Texas Instruments outsource some of their production to TSMC. At least one semiconductor company, LSI, re-sells TSMC wafers through its ASIC design services and design IP-portfolio.

The company has been increasing and upgrading its manufacturing capacity for most of its existence, although influenced by the demand cycles of the semiconductor industry. In 2011, the company planned to increase research and development expenditures by almost 39% to NT$50 billion in an effort to fend off growing competition. The company also planned to expand capacity by 30% in 2011 to meet strong market demand. In May 2014, TSMC's board of directors approved capital appropriations of US$568 million to establish, convert, and upgrade advanced technology capacity after the company forecast higher than expected demand. In August 2014, TSMC's board of directors approved additional capital appropriations of US$3.05 billion.

In 2011, it was reported that TSMC had begun trial production of the A5 SoC and A6 SoCs for Apple's iPad and iPhone devices. According to reports, as of May 2014, Apple is sourcing its new A8 and A8X SoCs from TSMC and later sourced the A9 SoC with both TSMC and Samsung (to increase volume for iPhone 6s launch) with the A9X being exclusively made by TSMC, thus resolving the issue of sourcing a chip in two different microarchitecture sizes. Apple has become TSMC's most important customer.

القيمة السوقية لـTSMC بلغت 1.9 تريليون دولار تايواني (63.4 مليار دولار أمريكي) في ديسمبر 2010. It was ranked 70th in the FT Global 500 2013 list of the world's most highly valued companies with a capitalization of US$86.7 billion, while reaching US$110 billion in May 2014. In March 2017, TSMC's market capitalisation surpassed that of semiconductor giant Intel for the first time, hitting NT$5.14 trillion (US$168.4 billion), with Intel's at US$165.7 billion.

قدرات الانتاج

On 12-inch wafers TSMC is realizing the following devices:

• 0.13 μm (options: general-purpose (G), low-power (LP), high-performance low-voltage (LV)),
• 90 nm (based upon 80GC from Q4/2006),
• 65 nm (options: general-purpose (GP), low-power (LP), ultra-low-power (ULP), LPG),
• 55 nm (options: general-purpose (GP), low-power (LP)).

It also offers "design for manufacturing" (DFM) customer services.

For the 40 nm process (still in production at end of 2016) TSMC reports:

The 40 nm logic family includes

• low-power (LP),
• general-purpose superb (G),
• low-power triple gate oxide (LPG)

process options.

All three processes offer multiple-threshold-voltage (Vt) core devices and 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V I/O options to meet different product requirements.

المنشآت

Apart from its main base of operations in Hsinchu in Northern Taiwan, where several of its fab facilities are located, it also has leading-edge fabs in Southern Taiwan and Central Taiwan, with other fabs located at its subsidiaries TSMC China in Shanghai, China, WaferTech in Washington State, USA, and SSMC in Singapore, and it has offices in China, Europe, India, Japan, North America, and South Korea.

The following fabs are in operation as of 2018:

• Four 300 mم (12 بوصة) "GIGAFABs" in operation in Taiwan: Fab 12 (Hsinchu), 14 (Tainan), 15 (Taichung), 18 (Tainan)
• Four 200 mم (8 بوصة) wafer fabs in full operation in Taiwan: Fab 3, 5,ثمانية (Hsinchu) ,ستة (Tainan)
• TSMC China Company Limited, 200 mم (8 بوصة): Fabعشرة (Shanghai)
• TSMC Nanjing Company Limited, 300 mم (12 بوصة): Fab 16 (Nanjing)
• WaferTech L.L.C., TSMC's wholly owned US subsidiary, a 200 mم (8 بوصة) fab: Fab 11 (Camas, Washington)
• SSMC (Systems on Silicon Manufacturing Co.), a joint venture with NXP Semiconductors in Singapore, 200 mم (8 بوصة), where production started at the end of 2002
• One 150 mم (6 بوصة) wafer fab in full operation in Taiwan: Fab 2 (Hsinchu)

Fab under construction as of 2020:

• Fab 18, 300 mم (12 بوصة) (Tainan), phase 2 and 3

TSMC has four Backend Fabs under operation: Fab 1 (Hsinchu), 2 (Tainan), ثلاثة (Taoyuan City), andخمسة (Taichung)

The investment of US$9.4 billion to build its third 300 mم (12 بوصة) wafer fabrication facility in Central Taiwan Science Park (Fab 15) was originally announced in 2010. The facility was expected to output over 100,000 wafers a month and generate $5 billion per year of revenue. TSMC has continued to expand advanced 28 nm manufacturing capacity at Fab 15.

On 12 January 2011, TSMC announced the acquisition of land from Powerchip Semiconductor for NT$2.9 billion (US$96 million) to build two additional 300 mم (12 بوصة) fabs to cope with increasing global demand, which would result in Fab 12B.

WaferTech subsidiary

WaferTech, a subsidiary of TSMC, is a pure-play semiconductor foundry located in Camas, Washington, USA. It is the second largest pure-play foundry in the United States. The facility employs 1100 workers.^[] The largest is GlobalFoundries Fabثمانية in Malta, NY, which employes over 3,000 workers with over 278,709 م² (3,000,000 قدم²) under rooftop.

WaferTech was established in June 1996 as a joint venture with TSMC, Altera, Analog Devices, and ISSI as key partners. The four companies along with minor individual investors invested US$1.2 billion into this venture, which was at the time the single largest startup investment in the state of Washington. The company started production in July 1998 in its 200 mم (8 بوصة) semiconductor fabrication plant. Its first product was a 0.35 micrometer part for Altera.^[]

TSMC bought out the joint venture partners in 2000 and acquired full control, and currently operates it as a fully owned subsidiary.

WaferTech is based in Camas, 32 kم (20 ميل) outside of Portland, Oregon. The WaferTech campus contains a 9.3 ها (23 أكرs) complex housed on 105 ها (260 أكرs). The main fabrication facility consists of a 12,000 م² (130,000 قدم²) 200 mم (8 بوصة) wafer fabrication plant.^[]

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