قائمة ملوك پروسيا
| ملكية پروسيا | |
|---|---|
| Könige von Preußen | |
|
الدرع الملكي
| |
|
ڤلهلم الثاني
| |
| التفاصيل | |
| الأسلوب | His Majesty |
| أول عاهل | Albert (as Duke) |
| آخر عاهل | William II |
| التشكيل | 10 أبريل 1525 |
| الإلغاء | 9 نوفمبر 1918 |
| المقر | شتات‌شلوس، برلين (الأخير) |
| المعيـِّن | Hereditary |
| المُطالب | Georg Friedrich |
ملوك پروسيا كانوا أعضاء هوهن‌تسولرن who were the hereditary rulers of the former German state of Prussia from its founding in 1525 as the Duchy of Prussia. The Duchy had evolved out of the Teutonic Order, a Roman Catholic crusader state and theocracy located along the eastern coast of the بحر البلطيق. The Teutonic Knights were under the leadership of a Grand Master, the last of whom, Albert, converted to Protestantism and secularized the lands, which then became the Duchy of Prussia.
The Duchy was initially a vassal of the مملكة پولندا, as a result of the terms of the Prussian Homage whereby Albert was granted the Duchy as part of the terms of peace following the Prussian War. When the main line of Prussian Hohenzollerns died out in 1618, the Duchy passed to a different branch of the family, who also reigned as Electors of Brandenburg in the Holy Roman Empire. While still nominally two different territories, Prussia under the suzerainty of Poland and Brandenburg under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire, the two states are known together historiographically as Brandenburg-Prussia.
Following the Second Northern War, a series of treaties freed the Duchy of Prussia from vassalage to any other state, making it a fully sovereign Duchy in its own right. This complex situation (where the Hohenzollern ruler of the independent Duchy of Prussia was also a subject of the Holy Roman Emperor as Elector of Brandenburg) laid the eventual groundwork for the establishment of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701. For diplomatic reasons, the rulers of Prussia called themselves King in Prussia from 1701 to 1772. They still nominally owed fealty to the Emperor as Electors of Brandenburg, so the "King in Prussia" title (as opposed to "King of Prussia") avoided offending the Emperor. Additionally, calling themselves "King of Prussia" implied sovereignty over the entire Prussian region, parts of which were still part of Poland.
As the Prussian state grew through several wars and diplomatic moves throughout the 18th century, it became apparent that Prussia had become a Great Power in its own right. By 1772, the pretense was dropped, and the style "King of Prussia" was adopted. The Prussian kings continued to use the title "Elector of Brandenburg" until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, reflecting the legal fiction that their domains within the empire were still under the ultimate overlordship of the Emperor. Legally, the Hohenzollerns ruled Brandenburg in personal union with their Prussian kingdom, but in practice they treated their domains as a single unit. The Hohenzollerns gained de jure sovereignty over Brandenburg when the empire dissolved in 1806, and Brandenburg was formally merged into Prussia.
In 1871, in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War, the German Empire was formed, and the King of Prussia, Wilhelm I was crowned German Emperor. From that point forward, though the Kingdom of Prussia retained its status as a constituent state of the empire (albeit by far the largest and most powerful), all subsequent Kings of Prussia also served as German Emperor, and that title took precedence.
دوقية پروسيا (1525–1701)
|
الاسم |
العمر |
تولى الحكم |
هجر الحكم |
هوامش |
العائلة |
صورة |
|
ألبرت
|
17 مايو1490 – 20 مارس 1568 (عن عمر 77 عاماً) | 10 April 1525 | 20 March 1568 | هوهن‌تسولرن | ||
|
Albert Frederick
|
7 مايو1553 – 28 أغسطس 1618 (عن عمر 65 عاماً) | 20 March 1568 | 28 August 1618 | Son of Albert | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
John Sigismund
|
8 نوفمبر 1572 – 23 ديسمبر 1619 (عن عمر 47 عاماً) | 28 August 1618 | 23 December 1619 | Cousin of Albert Frederick, also Elector of Brandenburg | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
George William
|
13 نوفمبر 1595 – 1 ديسمبر 1640 (عن عمر 45 عاماً) | 23 December 1619 | 1 December 1640 | Son of John Sigismund, also Elector of Brandenburg | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
Frederick William
|
16 فبراير 1620 – 29 أبريل 1688 (عن عمر 68 عاماً) | 1 December 1640 | 29 April 1688 | Son of George William, also Elector of Brandenburg | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
Frederick I
|
11 يوليو1657 – 25 فبراير 1713 (عن عمر 55 عاماً) | 29 April 1688 | 18 January 1701 | Son of Frederick William, also Elector of Brandenburg | هوهن‌تسولرن |
مملكة پروسيا (1701–1918)
|
الاسم |
العمر |
تولى الحكم |
هجر الحكم |
هوامش |
العائلة |
صورة |
فريدرش الأول
|
11 يوليو1657 – 25 فبراير 1713 (عن عمر 55 عاماً) | 18 January 1701 | 25 February 1713 | Son of Frederick William, also Elector of Brandenburg | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
Frederick William I
|
14 أغسطس 1688 – 31 مايو1740 (عن عمر 51 عاماً) | 25 February 1713 | 31 May 1740 | Son of Frederick I | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
Frederick II
|
24 يناير 1712 – 17 أغسطس 1786 (عن عمر 74 عاماً) | 31 May 1740 | 17 August 1786 | Son of Frederick William I | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
Frederick William II
|
25 سبتمبر 1744 – 16 نوفمبر 1797 (عن عمر 53 عاماً) | 17 August 1786 | 16 November 1797 | Nephew of Frederick II, Grandson of Frederick William I | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
Frederick William III
|
3 يوليو1770 –سبعة يونيو1840 (عن عمر 69 عاماً) | 16 November 1797 | 7 June 1840 | Son of Frederick William II | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
Frederick William IV
|
15 أكتوبر 1795 – 2 يناير 1861 (عن عمر 65 عاماً) | 7 June 1840 | 2 January 1861 | Son of Frederick William III; also President of the Erfurt Union (1849-1850) | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
William I
|
22 مارس 1797 –تسعة مارس 1888 (عن عمر 90 عاماً) | 2 January 1861 | 9 March 1888 | Brother of Frederick William IV, Son of Frederick William III; also President of the North German Confederation (1867-1871) and German Emperor (from 1871) | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
Frederick III
|
18 أكتوبر 1831 – 15 يونيو1888 (عن عمر 56 عاماً) | 9 March 1888 | 15 June 1888 | Son of William I; also German Emperor | هوهن‌تسولرن | |
|
William II
|
27 يناير 1859 – أربعة يونيو1941 (عن عمر 82 عاماً) | 15 June 1888 | 28 November 1918 (abdicated) |
Son of Frederick III; also German Emperor | هوهن‌تسولرن |
خط زمني
المطالبون بعرش پروسيا (1918–الحاضر)
- William II (28 November 1918 – أربعة June 1941)
- Frederick William (4 June 1941 – 20 July 1951)
- Louis Ferdinand (20 July 1951 – 26 September 1994)
- George Frederick (26 September 1994 –present)
انظر أيضاً
- دستور پروسيا (1850)
- تاج فريدرش الأول
- Crown of William II
- امبراطور ألماني
- تاريخ ألمانيا
- History of Prussia
- Hohenzollern Castle
- ملك في پروسيا
- قائمة الملوك الألمان
- List of rulers of Brandenburg
- List of Prussian consorts
- Lückentheorie
- Minister President of Prussia
- Neuchâtel Crisis
- Year of the Three Emperors
المراجع
- ^ Spencer, Charles, Blenheim, Chapter 22: Vindication, p.316
- ^ Statement of Abdication of William II
ببليوگرافيا
- Hull, Isabel V. (2004), The Entourage of Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1888–1918.
- Horne, Charles F. (2009), Source Records of the Great War, Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 978-1104855536, https://books.google.com/?id=WZTCQAAACAAJ&dq=isbn:4871878732
وصلات خارجية
- بيت هوهن‌تسولرن
نطقب:Monarchs of Prussia نطقب:Orders and decorations of the Kingdom of Prussia
