قومول
|
قومول
哈密市 • قۇمۇل شەھىرى
| |
|---|---|
مدينة بمستوى محافظة | |
| Hami | |
|
Hami Museum
| |
|
Hami prefecture (red) in Xinjiang (orange)
| |
 قومول | |
| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: | |
| البلد | الصين |
| منطقة ذاتية | شينجيانگ |
| المساحة | |
| • الإجمالية | 140٬749 كم² (54٬343 ميل²) |
| الارتفاع | 759 m (2٬490 ft) |
| التعداد | |
| • الإجمالي | 541٬836 |
| • الكثافة | 3٫8/km2 (10�0/sq mi) |
| منطقة التوقيت | China Standard (التوقيت العالمي المنسق+8) |
| Postal code | 839000 |
قومول (ويغور: قۇمۇل, Қумул، أ.ل.أ.: Qumul، خ.ج.و.: K̡umul؟) وتُعهد أيضاً بإسم هامي (بالصينية: 哈密; پنين: Hāmì)؛ هي مدينة بمستوى محافظة في شرق شينجيانگ، الصين. It is well known as the home of sweet Hami melons. In early 2016, the former Hami county-level city was merged with Hami Prefecture to form Hami prefecture-level city now known as Yizhou District.
الأصل والأسماء
Cumuḍa (sometimes Cimuda or Cunuda) is the oldest known endonym of Hami, when it was founded by a people known in Han Chinese sources as the Xiao Yuezhi ("Lesser Yuezhi"), during the 1st millennium BCE.
الجغرافيا والمناخ
Hami is located at the border with Gansu province.
| بيانات مناخ قومول (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | −3.2 (26.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
21.5 (70.7) |
28.0 (82.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
34.2 (93.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
27.7 (81.9) |
18.7 (65.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
17٫9 (64٫2) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | −15.9 (3.4) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.5 (50.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−12.7 (9.1) |
3٫0 (37٫3) |
| هطول mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.051) |
1.5 (0.059) |
1.2 (0.047) |
2.0 (0.079) |
3.9 (0.154) |
6.6 (0.26) |
7.3 (0.287) |
5.3 (0.209) |
3.3 (0.13) |
3.3 (0.13) |
2.0 (0.079) |
1.3 (0.051) |
39 (1٫535) |
| % Humidity | 60 | 46 | 33 | 28 | 32 | 39 | 41 | 42 | 44 | 48 | 53 | 62 | 44 |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 24٫9 |
| Sunshine hours | 210.4 | 219.9 | 267.9 | 288.3 | 338.8 | 329.6 | 333.4 | 323.3 | 296.9 | 270.6 | 216.5 | 189.5 | 3٬285٫1 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | |||||||||||||
التقسيمات الادارية
| الخريطة | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
| # | الاسم | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Population (2010 Census) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) | |
| 1 | Yizhou District | 伊州区 | Yīzhōu Qū | ئىۋىرغول رايونى | Iwirghol Rayoni | 472,175 | 81,794 | 5.77 | |
| 2 | Yiwu [Aratürük] County | 伊吾县 | Yīwú Xiàn | ئارا تۈرۈك ناھىيىسى | Ara Türük Nahiyisi | 24,783 | 19,821 | 1.25 | |
| 3 | Barkol Kazakh Autonomous County | 巴里坤哈萨克自治县 | Bālǐkūn Hāsàkè Zìzhìxiàn | ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى باركۆل قازاق | Barköl Qazaq Aptonom Nahiyisi | 75,442 | 37,304 | 2.02 | |
الديمغرافيا
اعتبارا من 2002[تحديث], Qumul had a population of about 519,700 of which 68.4% were Han Chinese and 31.6% ethnic minorities-mostly Uyghurs, Kazakhs and Hui.
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
- ^ E. Bretschneider (1876). . Trübner & Company. pp. 110–.
- ^ . The Branch. 1876. pp. 184–.
- ^ H. W. Bailey, Indo-Scythian Studies: Being Khotanese Texts, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 6–7, 16, 101, 133.
- ^ (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2010-05-04.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
المراجع
- Giles, Lionel (1930–1932). "A Chinese Geographical Text of the Ninth Century." BSOS VI, pp. 825–846.
- Grosier, Abbe (1888). A General Description of China. Translated from the French. G.G.J. and J. Robinson, London.
- Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1.
وصلات خارجية
- hmnet.gov.cn Chinese government site on K̡umul (in Chinese)
- hami.gov.cn Chinese government site on K̡umul (in Chinese)
نطقب:Cities of Xinjiang
