فهم الأعصاب الحاسوبي
فهم الأعصاب الحاسوبي Computational neuroscience هودراسة وظائف الدماغ في ضوء خصائص معالجة المعلومات الخاصة بالبنى التي تشكل الجهاز العصبي. إنه فهم عبر معهدي يربط بين حقول فهم الأعصاب والعلوم الاستعرافية وفهم النفس وهندسة الكهرباء وفهم الحاسوب والرياضيات والفيزياء.
انظر أيضاً
- Connectionism
- شبكات عصبونية
- نماذج الخلايا العصبية الحيوية
- فسيولوجيا كهربية
- قابلة الدماغ-حاسوب
- Memristor
- هندسة عصبية
- تكنولوجيا عصبية
- معلوماتية عصبية
- Computational neurogenetic modeling
- Whole brain emulation
- Computer simulation of the cat brain
المراجع
مراجع عامة
- Chklovskii DB (2004). "Synaptic connectivity and neuronal morphology: two sides of the same coin". Neuron. 43 (5): 609–17. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.08.012. PMID 15339643.
- Sejnowski, Terrence J.; Churchland, Patricia Smith (1992). The computational brain. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN .CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Abbott, L. F.; Dayan, Peter (2001). Theoretical neuroscience: computational and mathematical modeling of neural systems. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN .CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Hodgkin AL, Huxley AF (28 August 1952). "A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve". J Physiol. (Lond.). 117 (4): 500–44. PMC 1392413. PMID 12991237.
- William Bialek; Rieke, Fred; David Warland; Rob de Ruyter van Steveninck (1999). Spikes: exploring the neural code. Cambridge, Mass: MIT. ISBN .CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Schutter, Erik de (2001). Computational neuroscience: realistic modeling for experimentalists. Boca Raton: CRC. ISBN .
- Sejnowski, Terrence J.; Hemmen, J. L. van (2006). 23 problems in systems neuroscience. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. ISBN .CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Michael A. Arbib, Shun-ichi Amari, Prudence H. Arbib (2002). The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN .CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
روابط خارجية
دوريات
- Network: Computation in Neural Systems
- Biological Cybernetics
- Journal of Computational Neuroscience
- Neural Computation
- Neural Networks
- Neurocomputing
- Cognitive Neurodynamics
- Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
برمجيات
- Brian, a simulator for spiking neural networks.
- Emergent, neural simulation software.
- Genesis, a general neural simulation system.
- HHsim, a neuronal membrane simulator.
- HNeT, Holographic Neural Technology.
- MCell, A Monte Carlo Simulator of Cellular Microphysiology.
- ModelDB, a large open-access database of program codes of published computational neuroscience models.
- NEST, a simulation tool for large neuronal systems.
- Neuroconstruct, software for developing biologically realistic 3D neural networks.
- Neurofitter, a parameter tuning package for electrophysiological neuron models.
- Neurojet, a neural network simulator specialized for the hippocampus.
- NEURON, a neuron simulator also useful to simulate neural networks.
- Neurospaces, an efficient neural simulation system that uses software engineering principles from the industry.
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Neuroscience related Python tools
- pyNN
- PyDSTool, a simulator and dynamical systems analysis tool with biophysical neuron and network model specification/construction and data analysis toolboxes.
- SNNAP, a single neuron and neural network simulator tool.
مؤتمرات
- Computational and Systems Neuroscience (COSYNE)– a computational neuroscience meeting with a systems neuroscience focus.
- Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS)– a yearly computational neuroscience meeting.
- Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS)– a leading annual conference covering other machine learning topics as well.
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Conference (CCNC)– a yearly conference.
- International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN)– a yearly conference.
- UK Mathematical Neurosciences Meeting– a new yearly conference, focused on mathematical aspects.
- The NeuroComp Conference– a yearly computational neuroscience conference (France).
- Bernstein Conference on Computational Neuroscience (BCCN)– a yearly conference in Germany, organized by the Bernstein Network for Computational Neuroscience.
مواقع
- Perlewitz's computational neuroscience on the web
- compneuro.org, books and programs for neural modeling
- Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, part of Scholarpedia, an online expert curated encyclopedia on computational neuroscience, dynamical systems and machine intelligence
- NeuroWiki, a wiki discussion forum about neuroscience research, especially systems, theoretical/computational, and cognitive neuroscience
مناهج تعليمية
- NeuroWiki:CompNeuroCourses, a list of comp neuro courses with material available online
- Methods in Computational Neuroscience Summer course at the MBL, which features major figures in the field (Abbott, Bialek, Sejnowski, et al.) as guest faculty.
- Okinawa Computational Neuroscience Course Summer course at OIST with international guest faculty and competitively selected international students.
مجموعات بحثية
- Center for Theoretical Neuroscience at Columbia University
- Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience at University of California, Berkeley
- Bernstein Network for Computational Neuroscience, containing the Bernstein Centers (Berlin, Freiburg, Goettingen, Munich)
- BM-Science– Brain & Mind Technologies Research Centre, Finland
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience at The University of Chicago
- Neuroengineering Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania
- Computational Neuroscience Group at the KFKI RIPNP of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Computational Neuroscience Laboratory, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Computational Neurobiology Laboratory at the Salk Institute (CNL)
- Centre for Theoretical Neuroscience (CTN) at the University of Waterloo
- MIT Media Lab, Synthetic Neurobiology Group
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin
- Computational Neuroscience Group at King's College London
- Computational Neuroscience Group at Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Florence, Italy
- The Laboratory for Neuroengineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology
- Boston University Department of Cognitive and Neural Systems(CNS)
- MIT Center for Biological & Computational Learning (CBCL)
- NYU Center for Theoretical Visual Neuroscience
- Center for Theoretical Neuroscience at Columbia University
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition at Carnegie Mellon University/University of Pittsburgh
- Integrative and Computational Neuroscience Research Unit (UNIC), CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation at Hebrew University
- Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit at University College London
- Martinos Computational Neuroscience Center for integrating neuroimaging and computational neuroscience
- Georgetown Laboratory for Computational Cognitive Neuroscience
- Hertie Center for Clinical Brain Research, Laboratory for Action Representation and Learning
- Computational Neuroscience Lab, University of Queensland
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of Colorado at Boulder
- Theoretical Neuroscience Group, Florida Atlantic University
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems at the University of Kent
- Computational Neuroscience Engineering Lab, University of Florida
- Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh
- Centre for Robotics and Neural Systems, University of Plymouth
- Theoretical Neurobiology Lab, University of Antwerp
- Computational Neuroscience Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology
- Omneuron 3T MRI Research Center, California (PI: Christopher deCharms)
- Group for Neural Theory, Ecole normale superieure, Paris
- Computational Biology and Neurocomputing, Stockholm
- Centre for Neural Dynamics, University of Ottawa
- Computational Neuroscience Research Group, Tampere University of Technology
- Computational Neuroscience Group at FGU, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague
أوراق بحث
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Review– Sejnowski TJ, Koch C, Churchland PS (1988). "Computational neuroscience". Science. 241 (4871): 1299–306. doi:10.1126/science.3045969. PMID 3045969. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - A Theory of Object Recognition: Computations and Circuits in the Feedforward Path of the Ventral Stream in Primate Visual Cortex– Biologically-based vision algorithm
