لوساتيا
Lusatia (بالألمانية: Lausitz, الصوربية العليا: Łužica, الصوربية السفلى: Łužyca, بالپولندية: Łużyce, بالتشيكية: Lužice) is a region in Central Europe. The region is the home of the ethnic group of Lusatian Sorbs, a small Western Slavic nation. It stretches from the Bóbr and Kwisa rivers in the east to the Pulsnitz and Black Elster in the west, today located within the German states of Saxony and Brandenburg as well as in the Lower Silesian and Lubusz voivodeships of western Poland.
Historically, Lusatia belonged to several different countries. Being part of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown (the so-called Czech Lands) for three hundred years, alongside them it passed to the Habsburg Monarchy and from it to the Electorate of Saxony. The greater part passed to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815 and the whole region merged into Germany in 1871. After the conquest of Eastern Germany by the Soviet Army and the partition in 1945, the eastern part of Lusatia along the Lusatian Neisse river was given to Poland where the boundary is called the Oder–Neisse line.
In the Polish part today Polish is spoken, and in the German part German, Upper- and Lower Sorbian. The biggest Lusatian town is Cottbus (Lower Sorbian: Chóśebuz).
Etymology
The name derives from the Sorbian word łužicy meaning "swamps" or "water-hole", Germanised as Lausitz. Lusatia is the Latinised form which spread in the الإنگليزية and Romance languages area.
Geography
لوساتيا العليا
لوساتيا السفلي
Lusatian Lake District
عواصم لوزاتيا
Demographics in 1900
Share of Sorbs:
- Cottbus (Province of Brandenburg) 55.8%
- Hoyerswerda (Province of Silesia) 37.8%
- Bautzen (Kingdom of Saxony) 17.7%
- Rothenburg (Province of Silesia) 17.2%
- Kamenz (Kingdom of Saxony) 7.1%
Total number: 93,032
The number of Sorbs in Lusatia has decreased since the 1900 census due to intermarriage, cultural assimilation related to industrialisation and urbanisation, Nazi suppression and discrimination, and the settlement of expelled Germans after World War II, mainly from Lower Silesia and Northern Bohemia.
أدبيات
- Micklitza, Kerstin and André: Lausitz – Unterwegs zwischen Spreewald und Zittauer Gebirge. 5. aktualisierte und erweiterte Aufl. Trescher Verlag, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-89794-330-8.
- Brie, André: Lausitz – Landschaft mit neuem Gesicht. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 3-865-68538-2.
- Micklitza, Kerstin and André: HB-Bildatlas Spreewald-Lausitz. 4. aktualisierte Aufl. HB Verlag, Ostfildern 2008, ISBN 978-3-616-06115-3.
- Jacob, Ulf: Zwischen Autobahn und Heide. Das Lausitzbild im Dritten Reich. Eine Studie zur Entstehung, Ideologie und Funktion symbolischer Sinnwelten. Hrsg. von der Internationalen Bauausstellung Fürst-Pückler-Land, Großräschen (Zeitmaschine Lausitz), Verlag der Kunst, Dresden in der Verlagsgruppe Husum, Husum 2004, ISBN 3-86530-002-2.
- Freiherr von Vietinghoff-Riesch, Arnold: Der Oberlausitzer Wald – seine Geschichte und seine Struktur bis 1945. [Reprint.] Oberlausitzer Verlag, Spitzkunnersdorf 2004, ISBN 3-933827-46-9.
انظر أيضاً
- Herrnhut Moravian Church and Nicolaus Zinzendorf
- Lusatian League
- Milceni
- Wends
- Obotrites
الهامش
- ^ All figures from the 1900 census.
وصلات خارجية
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Media related to Lusatia at Wikimedia Commons
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . دائرة المعارف البريطانية. 17 (eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press.
