نسل نوح
The Generations of Noah or Table of Nations (Genesisعشرة of the Hebrew Bible) is a traditional ethnology representing the expansion of humankind from the descendants of Noah and their dispersion into many lands after the Flood. The term "nations" to describe the descendants is a standard English translation of the Hebrew word "goy", following the ح.400 CE Latin Vulgate's "nationes" / "nationibus", and does not have the same political connotations that the word entails today.
The list of 70 names introduces for the first time a number of well known ethnonyms and toponyms important to biblical geography such as Noah's three sons Shem, Ham and Japheth, from which is derived Semitic, Hamitic and Japhetites, certain of Noah's grandsons including Elam, Ashur, Aram, Cush, and Canaan, from which the Elamites, Assyrians, Arameans, Cushites and Canaanites, as well as further descendants including Eber (from which "Hebrews"), the hunter-king Nimrod, the Philistines and the sons of Canaan including Heth, Jebus and Amorus, from which Hittites, Jebusites and Amorites.
As Christianity took over the Roman world, it adopted the idea that all the world's peoples were descended from Noah. But the tradition of Hellenistic Jewish identifications of the ancestry of various peoples, which concentrates very much on the Mediterranean world and the Near East and is described below, became stretched. Northern peoples important to the Late Roman and medieval world, such as the Celts, Slavs, Germans and Norsemen were not covered, nor were others of the world's peoples. A variety of arrangements were devised by scholars, with for example the Scythians, who do feature in the tradition, being claimed as the ancestors of much of northern Europe.
According to Joseph Blenkinsopp, the 70 names in the list express symbolically the unity of the human race, corresponding to the 70 descendants of Israel who go down into Egypt with Jacob at Genesis 46:27 and the 70 elders of Israel who visit God with Moses at the covenant ceremony in Exodus 24:1–9.
جدول الأمم
سفر التكوين
Book of Chronicles
Book of Jubilees
Septuagint version
Sons of Noah: Shem, Ham and Japheth
التفسيرات العرقية
في فلاڤيوس يوسفوس
في هيپوليتوس
Islam
The sons of Noah are not expressly mentioned in the Quran, except for the fact that one of the sons was among the people who did not follow his own father, not among the believers and thus was washed away in the flood. Also the Qur'an indicates a great calamity, enough to have destroyed Noah's people, but to have saved him his followers and his generations to come.
See also
- Aggadah
- Ancient Egypt
- Antediluvian
- Comparative linguistics
- Continuity thesis
- Ethnography
- Fertile crescent
- Garden of Eden
- Genealogy
- Human history
- Mesopotamia
- Nuwaubianism
- Noah's Ark
- Wives aboard the Ark
Notes
- Dillmann, A., Genesis: Critically and Exegetically Expounded, Vol. 1, Edinburgh, UK, T. and T. Clark, 1897, 314.
- Kautzsch, E.F.: quoted by James Orr, "The Early Narratives of Genesis," in The Fundamentals, Vol. 1, Los Angeles, CA, Biola Press, 1917.
References
Citations
- ^ Rogers 2000, p. 1271.
- ^ Guido Zernatto and Alfonso G. Mistretta (July 1944). "Nation: The History of a Word". The Review of Politics. Cambridge University Press. 6 (3): 351–366. doi:10.1017/s0034670500021331. JSTOR 1404386.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
- ^ Biblical Geography: "The ethnographical list in Genesisعشرة is a valuable contribution to the knowledge of the old general geography of the East, and its importance can scarcely be overestimated."
- ^ Johnson, James William, "The Scythian: His Rise and Fall", Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 20, No. 2 (Apr., 1959), pp. 250-257, University of Pennsylvania Press, JSTOR
- ^ Blenkinsopp 2011, p. 156.
- ^ Surat As-Saffat القرآن 37:75–77
Bibliography
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- Blenkinsopp, Joseph (2011). . A&C Black. ISBN .
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- Carr, David McLain (1996). . Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN .
- Day, John (2014). "Noah's Drunkenness, the Curse of Canaan". In Baer,, David A.; Gordon, Robert P. (eds.). . A&C Black. ISBN .CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
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- Knoppers, Gary (2003). "Shem, Ham and Japheth". In Graham, Matt Patrick; McKenzie, Steven L.; Knoppers, Gary N. (eds.). . A&C Black. ISBN .
Daniel A. Machiela (2009). "A Comparative Commentary on the Earths Division". . BRILL. ISBN .
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- McEntire, Mark (2008). . Mercer University Press. ISBN .
- Pietersma, Albert; Wright, Benjamin G. (2005). . Oxford University Press,. ISBN .CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
- Rogers, Jeffrey S. (2000). "Table of Nations". In Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (eds.). . Amsterdam University Press. ISBN .
Jacques T. A. G. M. Ruiten (2000). . BRILL. ISBN .
- Sadler, Rodney Steven, Jr. (2009). . A&C Black.
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- Strawn, Brent A. (2000a). "Shem". In Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (eds.). . Amsterdam University Press.
- Strawn, Brent A. (2000b). "Ham". In Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (eds.). . Amsterdam University Press.
- Thompson, Thomas L. (2014). "Narrative reiteration and comparative literature: problems in defining dependency". In Thompson, Thomas L.; Wajdenbaum, Philippe (eds.). . Routledge.
- Towner, Wayne Sibley (2001). . Westminster John Knox Press.
- Uehlinger, Christof (1999). "Nimrod". In Van der Toorn, Karel; Becking, Bob; Van der Horst, Pieter (eds.). . Brill.
- Wajdenbaum, Philippe (2014). . Routledge.
وصلات خارجية
- Latin Vulgate and English Douay-Rheims
- English Septuagint
- King James Version and Revised Standard Version
- : Entry for "Genealogy"
- . A more standard creationist account that associates Japheth with Europe.
نطقب:Noah's Ark نطقب:Religious family trees
