يارون

يارون
يارون ; Yaroun
	قرية
	يارون Location within Lebanon
	الإحداثيات: Coordinates:
المسقط الشبكي	189/276 PAL
البلد	لبنان
المحافظة	محافظة النبطية
القضاء	قضاء بنت جبيل
أعلى ارتفاع	800 m (2٬600 ft)
أوطى ارتفاع	750 m (2٬460 ft)
منطقة التوقيت	EET (التوقيت العالمي المنسق+2)
• الصيفي	EEST (UTC+3)
Dialing code	+961

يارون هي احدى القرى اللبنانية في قضاء بنت جبيل في محافظة النبطية.

الجغرافيا

تقع يارون على ربوة يتراوح ارتفاعها من 750 إلى 900 متر فوق سطح البحر. المنتجات الزراعية الرئيسية هي الزيتون والقمح والتبغ.

تقع يارون على الحدود مع إسرائيل. وتطل على صلحا وكفر برعم في الجانب الإسرائيلي.

التاريخ

في 1596، كان اسمها "يارون النصارى" في ناحية تبنين العثمانية ضمن لواء صفد، بتعداد 37 مسلم أعزب و39 عائلة مسيحية و11 مسيحي أعزب. ودفع القرويون ضرائب عن عدد من المحاصيل، منها القمح والشعير وأشجار الزيتون والكروم وأشجار الفاكهة والأغنام وخلايا النحل، بالإضافة إلى ولج مؤقت قدرة 7,247 أقچه.

In 1674, western travellers saw remains of a monastery and church near by, with fragments from many columns.

في 1781 قـُتـِل ناصف النصار هنا على يد الجزار باشا حين التقى جيشيهما.

في 1838، Edward Robinson noted it as "a large village".Ernest Renan visited Yaroun during his mission to Lebanon and described what he found in his book Mission de Phénicie (1865-1874). He found many antiquities at Yaroun.

وفي 31 ديسمبر 1863، Louis Félicien de Saulcy, the French orientalist and archaeologist left Jish and arrived in Yaroun, and despite the heavy rain on that day, he examined the ruins of a temple, with a huge sarcophagi and sepulchral excavations cut into the rock, and a square well few meters deep, deducing that Yaroun was the Biblical town of Iaraoun, one of the cities of the Nephatli tribe mentioned in the Book of Joshua (xiv. 38).

In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it: “A stone village, containing about 200 Metawileh and 200 Christians ; a Christian chapel in the village. The village is situated on the edge of a plain, with vineyards and arable land; to the west rises a basalt-top called el Burj, full of cisterns, and supposed to be the site of an ancient castle ; there are large stones strewn about ; there are three large birkets and many cisterns to supply water; one of the birkets is ruined."

SWP also found here the remains of an ancient Church, with Greek inscriptions.

By the 1945 statistics the population was counted with Saliha ومارون الراس، and totalled 1070 Muslims with 11,735 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 7,401 dunams were allocated to cereals, 422 dunams were irrigated or used for orchards, while 58 dunams were built-up (urban) area.

الأديان

Yaroun is divided between Shia Muslims and Melkites (aka Greek Catholics).^[]

الحياة الاجتماعية

While the majority of Yarounis visit Yaroun for the summer, approximately 60% to 70% of Yarouni natives reside outside of Lebanon, many wars happened in South Area of Lebanon and the Economic development is weak therefore Many Young Yarounis choose to relocate to the Capital City Beirut to Continue their Higher Educations because of the lack of universities in the South and after that they choose to Immigrate to the USA, Canada, Or Europe and some of them settle in the Gulf, and they visit their families back in Yaroun to keep ties with their relatives and bear in mind that immigrants have an Economic Impact on their families (Money Transfers or Allowances), and this will help their Families to pay their expenses and to let them stay in Yaroun.^[]

العصر الحديث

In July 2006, Yaroun, like many other villages that string Lebanon's southern border, such as Ain Ebel, Debel, Qaouzah, and Rmaich, were caught by the 2006 Lebanon War between حزب الله and the Israeli army.

On the 23 July, Israeli strikes killedخمسة civilians in Yaroun, the victims were aged betweenستة months and 75 years old.

المراجع

^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 179.
^ Note that Rhode, 1979, p.ستة writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. 371
^ Blanford, 2011, pp. 12-13
^ Renan, 1864, pp. 680-2
^ Saulcy de, Louis Félicien, Voyage en Terre Sainte, Volume 2, Nabu Press (April 1, 2010), pages 275-276
^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 203
^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, pp. 258-260
^ Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 11
^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 71
^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 121
^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 171
^ USATODAY.com - Archbishop tells church to stay in Lebanon: 'You'll make it'
^ HRW, 2007, pp. 109

ببليوگرافيا

Blanford, Nicholas (2011). . Random House Publishing Group. ISBN .
Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1881). . 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
Department of Statistics (1945). . Government of Palestine.
Hadawi, S. (1970). "Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine". Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre.
HRW (2007). . Human Rights Watch.
Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). . Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN .
Palmer, E.H. (1881). . Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
Rhode, H. (1979). . Columbia University.
Renan, E. (1864). (in French). Paris: Imprimerie impériale.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). . 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.