رجولة
في الأساطير اليونانية، هراقليس هوصنوللرجولة الأپولونية.
الرجولة أوالذكورة Masculinity، هي مجموعة الصفات الجسدية والجنسية الخاصة بالرجل، وقد تعني أيضاً القدرة الجنسية للرجل. يمكن أيضا إستخدم مصطلح الذكورة لوصف الصفات الجسدية والجنسية للحيوان.
في الكثير من الثقافات، تضم الخصائص الأساسية للذكورة؛ القوة، اللياقة، وعدم الكسل، الشجاعة، الحكمة، والشرف أوالأخلاق الحميدة.[].
الصفة المضادة للذكورة هي الجبن أوالخنوثة.
السمات البدنية الذكورية
During the first half of the twentieth century, men were often associated with images of industrialization
فهم الأحياء والثقافة
Direct competition of physical skill and strength is a feature of masculinity which appears in some form in virtually every culture on Earth. Here, two U.S. Marines compete in a wrestling match.
الاتجاهات الغربية
التطور
عامل بناء في عام 1942.
المثالب وفشل المفهوم
الضغوط المرتبطة
أخذ المخاطرة
الرعاية الصحية
تشجيع الإعلام
سلوك احتساء الكحول
رجولة مشرفة
في المنزل
أب وإبنه
في العسكرية
المارينز الاسبان والأمريكان، يسيراان معاً في حفل تغيير القيادة في محطة روتا البحرية، اسبانيا، اوروبا (يوليو2002)
انظر أيضا
- Emasculation
- نموذج الرجولة في إيطاليا الفاشية
- الرجولة الڤيكتورية
- ذكورة فائقة
- Masculism
- Men's spaces
- International Men's Day
- Male bonding
- Masculine psychology
خط
- Manliness (book) (2006)
الهوامش
- ^ Roget’s II: The New Thesaurus, 3rd. ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1995.
المصادر
- Levine, Martin P. (1998). Gay Macho. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-4694-2.
- Stibbe, Arran. (2004). "Health and the Social Construction of Masculinity in Men's Health Magazine." Men and Masculinities;سبعة (1) July, pp. 31–51.
- Strate, Lance "Beer Commercials: A Manual on Masculinity" Men's Lives Kimmel, Michael S. and Messner, Michael A. ed. Allyn and Bacon. Boston, London: 2001
قراءات إضافية
الوضع الحالي
- Arrindell, Willem A., Ph.D. (1 October 2005) "Masculine Gender Role Stress" Psychiatric Times Pg. 31
- Ashe, Fidelma (2007) The New Politics of Masculinity, London and New York: Routledge.
- Broom A. and Tovey P. (Eds) Men’s Health: Body, Identity and Social Context London; John Wiley and Sons Inc.
- Burstin, Fay "What's Killing Men". Herald Sun (Melbourne, Australia). October 15, 2005.
- Canada, Geoffrey "Learning to Fight" Men's Lives Kimmel, Michael S. and Messner, Michael A. ed. Allyn and Bacon. Boston, London: 2001
- Raewyn Connell: Masculinities (as Robert W. Connell), Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995 ISBN 0-7456-1469-8
- Courtenay, Will "Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: a theory of gender and health" Social Science and Medicine, yr: 2000 vol: 50 iss:عشرة pg: 1385–1401
- bell hooks, We Real Cool: Black Men and Masculinity, Taylor & Francis 2004, ISBN 0415969271
- Galdas P.M. and Cheater F.M. (2010) Indian and Pakistani men’s accounts of seeking medical help for angina and myocardial infarction in the UK: Constructions of marginalised masculinity or another version of hegemonic masculinity? Qualitative Research in Psychology
- Levant & Pollack (1995) A New Psychology of Men, New York: BasicBooks
- Juergensmeyer, Mark (2005): Why guys throw bombs. About terror and masculinity (pdf)
- Kaufman, Michael "The Construction of Masculinity and the Triad of Men's Violence". Men's Lives Kimmel, Michael S. and Messner, Michael A. ed. Allyn and Bacon. Boston, London: 2001
- Mansfield, Harvey. Manliness. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. ISBN 0300106645
- Reeser, T. Masculinities in Theory, Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
- Robinson, L. (October 21, 2005). Not just boys being boys: Brutal hazings are a product of a culture of masculinity defined by violence, aggression and domination. Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa, Ontario).
- Stephenson, June (1995). Men are Not Cost Effective: Male Crime in America. ISBN 0-06-095098-6
- Williamson P. "Their own worst enemy" Nursing Times: 91 (48) 29 November 95 p 24-7
- Wray Herbert "Survival Skills" U.S. News & World Report Vol. 139 , No. 11; Pg. 63 September 26, 2005
- "Masculinity for Boys"; published by UNESCO, New Delhi, 2006;
- Smith, Bonnie G., Hutchison, Beth. Gendering Disability. Rutgers University Press, 2004.
تاريخ
- Michael Kimmel, Manhood in America, New York [etc.]: The Free Press 1996
- A Question of Manhood: A Reader in U.S. Black Mens History and Masculinity, edited by Earnestine Jenkins and Darlene Clark Hine, Indiana University press vol1: 1999, vol. 2: 2001
- Gary Taylor, Castration: An Abbreviated History of Western Manhood, Routledge 2002
- Klaus Theweleit, Male fantasies, Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press, 1987 and Polity Press, 1987
- Peter N. Stearns, Be a Man!: Males in Modern Society, Holmes & Meier Publishers, 1990
- Shuttleworth, Russell. "Disabled Masculinity." Gendering Disability. Ed. Bonnie G. Smith and Beth Hutchison. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 2004. 166-178.
وصلات خارجية
ابحث عن masculinity في
قاموس الفهم.
قاموس الفهم.
Bibliographic
- The Men's Bibliography, a comprehensive bibliography of writing on men, masculinities, gender and sexualities, listing over 16,700 works. (mainly from a constructionist perspective)
- Boyhood Studies, features a 2200+ bibliography of young masculinities.
Other
- Practical Manliness, A manly blog that applies "historical ideals to modern men".
- The ManKind Project of Chicago, supporting men in leading meaningful lives of integrity, accountability, responsibility, and emotional intelligence
- NIMH web pages on men and depression, talks about men and their depression and how to get help.
- Article entitled "Wounded Masculinity: Parsifal and The Fisher King Wound" The symbolism of the story as it relates to the Wounded Masculinity of Men by Richard Sanderson M.Ed., B.A.
- BULL, Print and online literary journal specializing in masculine fiction for a male audience.
- Art of Manliness, An online web magazine/blog dedicated to "reviving the lost art of manliness".
- The Masculinity Conspiracy, An online book critiquing constructions of masculinity.
