حمض اليوديك

حمض اليوديك
الأسماء
	أسماء أخرى Iodic(V) acid
تمييز
رقم CAS	[7782-68-5]
PubChem	24345
ChEBI	24857
SMILES	O=I(=O)O;
InChI	InChI=1/HIO3/c2-1(3)4/h(H,2,3,4)
الخصائص
الصيغة الجزيئية	HIO3
كتلة مولية	175.91 g/mol
المظهر	White solid
الكثافة	4.62 g/cm3, solid
نقطة الانصهار	110 °C, 383 K, 230 °F
قابلية الذوبان في الماء	269 g/100 mL (20 °C)
الحموضة (pKa)	0.75
القابلية المغناطيسية	−48.0·10−6 cm3/mol
المخاطر
نقطة الوميض	Non-flammable
مركبات ذا علاقة
كاتيونات أخرى	Lithium iodate; Potassium iodate
هالوجين oxoacids ذات العلاقة	حمض الكلوريك; حمض البروميك
مركـّبات ذات علاقة	حمض اليوديك المائي; Iodine pentoxide; Periodic acid
	ما لم يُذكر غير ذلك، البيانات المعطاة للمواد في حالاتهم العيارية (عند 25 °س [77 °ف]، 100 kPa).
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	مراجع الجدول

حمض اليوديك Iodic acid، HIO₃، يمكن الحصول عليه كمادة صلبة بيضاء أوشبه بيضاء. It dissolves in water very well, but it also exists in the pure state, as opposed to chloric acid or bromic acid. Iodic acid contains iodine in the oxidation state +5 and it is one of the most stable oxo-acids of the halogens in its pure state. When iodic acid is carefully heated, it dehydrates to iodine pentoxide. On subsequent heating, the iodine pentoxide further decomposes, giving a mix of iodine, oxygen and lower oxides of iodine.

التحضي

Iodic acid can be produced by oxidizing $I 2$ with strong oxidizers such as Nitric acid $HNO 3$ , Chlorine $Cl 2$ , حمض الكلوريك $HClO 3$ or Hydrogen peroxide $H 2 O 2$ , for example :

+ستة +خمسة 2 HIO 3 +عشرة HCl

.

الخصائص

Iodic acid is a relatively strong acid with a of 0.75. It is strongly oxidizing in acidic solution, less so in basic solution. When iodic acid acts as oxidizer, then the product of the reaction is either iodine, or iodide ion. Under some special conditions (very low pH and high concentration of chloride ion, e.g. in concentrated hydrochloric acid), iodic acid is reduced to iodine trichloride, a golden yellow compound in solution and no further reduction occurs. In the absence of chloride ions, when there is an excess amount of reductant, then all iodate is converted to iodide ion. When there is an excess amount of iodate, then part of the iodate is converted to iodine.It may be used in preparation of ionization to form alkyl halide

الاستخدامات

Iodic acid is used as a strong acid in analytical chemistry. It may be used to standardize solutions of both weak and strong bases, with methyl red or methyl orange as the indicator.