قوات الدفاع الفضائي الروسية
| Russian Aerospace Defence Forces | |
|---|---|
|
خطأ في إنشاء صورة مصغرة: الملف مفقود
Aerospace Defence Forces medium emblem Aerospace Defence Forces great emblem | |
| نشطة | 1 December 2011–1 August 2015 |
| البلد | Russia |
| الولاء | Ministry of Defence |
| النوع | Aerospace Defence |
| تواريخ هامة | 4 October (Space Forces Day) 12 August (يوم القوات الجوية) |
قوات الدفاع الفضائي الروسية أوVKO (روسية: Войска воздушно-космической обороны, النطق Voyska Vozdushno-Kosmicheskoy Oborony كانت فرعاً في القوات المسلحة الروسية responsible for aerospace defence, and the operation of Russian military satellites and the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. It was established on the 1 December 2011 and replaced the Russian Space Forces. The VKO was first commanded by former Space Forces commander Colonel General Oleg Ostapenko, who was promoted to Deputy Minister of Defence in November 2012. On 24 December 2012, Aleksandr Golovko was appointed the new commander. Although it is officially translated as aerospace in English, it covers both attacks from the air and from (outer) space, and some Russian writers translate it as "air and space" instead.
On the 1 August 2015, the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces were merged to form the Russian Aerospace Forces.
The Russian Aerospace Defence Forces duties are now with the Russian Space Forces under the umbrella of the new Russian Aerospace Forces.
تاريخ
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التنظيم
انظر أيضاً
- Air Force Space Command
- Zhukov Air and Space Defense Academy
- Main Centre for Missile Attack Warning
الهامش
- ^ (in Russian). Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. n.d. Retrieved 6 February 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 1 December 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2011.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Russia's Aerospace Defense Forces go on duty to stave off missile threats". RIA Novosti. 1 December 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2011.
- ^ "Russia creates Air and Space Defense Forces". russianforces.org. 1 December 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2011.
- ^ "Oleg Ostapenko". Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. n.d. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^ "New commander of the Air and Space Defense Forces". Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces. 24 December 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
- ^ "Structure". Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. n.d. Retrieved 6 February 2012.
- ^ Stukalin, Alexander (May 2012). "Russian Air and Space Defense Troops: Gaping Holes". Moscow Defense Brief. Centre for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies. 2012 (2).
- ^ Aerospace Forces
- ^ http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150803/1160022393.html
خطأ استشهاد: الوسم <ref> ذوالاسم "praz" المُعرّف في <references> غير مستخدم في النص السابق.
