تاتشيرا
Táchira | |||
|---|---|---|---|
ولاية ڤنزويلية | |||
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| النشيد: Himno del Estado Táchira | |||
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Location within Venezuela
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| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Venezuela | ||
| Created | 1899 | ||
| Capital | San Cristóbal | ||
| الحكم | |||
| • Governor | Laidy Gómez (2017–present) | ||
| المساحة | |||
| • الإجمالية | 10٬812 كم² (4٬175 ميل²) | ||
| ترتيب المساحة | 16th | ||
| 1.2% of Venezuela | |||
| التعداد(2011 census est.) | |||
| • الإجمالي | 1٬168٬908 | ||
| • الترتيب | 9th | ||
| 4.5% of Venezuela | |||
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC-04:00 | ||
| ISO 3166 code | VE-S | ||
| Emblematic tree | Pino Criollo, or Laso (Prumnopitys montana) | ||
| المسقط الإلكتروني | tachira.gob.ve | ||
ولاية تاتشيرا (بالاسپانية: Estado Táchira؛ النطق الإسپاني: [esˈtaðo ˈtatʃiɾa]) هي واحدة من 23 ولاية ڤنزويلية. عاصمة الولاية هي سان كريستوبال.
تغطي ولاية تاتشيرا مساحة سطحية إجمالية 10,812 كم²، وفي تعداد 2011 بلغ عدد سكانها 1,168,908 نسمة. At the end of the 19th century, Táchira state was the place where oil was discovered in Venezuela. It was exploited for many years. Currently, its main economic revenues come from the production of coffee and pineapple. The cattle and agricultural activities play an important role in Táchira's economy. There is also a strong industrial sector which focuses on the processing of potato, sugar, milk, and cheese and the production of textiles.
ولاية تاتشيرا هي واحدة من ثلاث ولايات ڤنزويلية بجبال الأنديز (الولايتان الأخريان هما ميريدا وتروخيو). This state borders with ولاية سوليا in the north, Barinas and Mérida states in the East, Apure and Barinas states in the south وكولومبيا (Norte de Santander Department) in the west.
التاريخ
Táchira State plays an important role in the early parts of Venezuelan history. This state produced more presidents than any other state during the 20th century: Cipriano Castro, Juan Vicente Gómez, Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Isaías Medina Angarita, Eleazar López Contreras, Carlos Andrés Pérez, and Ramón José Velásquez.
At the end of the 19th century, the people of Táchira State were tired of being left out of the main country's decisions. Consequently, a group of men decided to start a revolution called the "Revolución Restauradora" (The Restorative Revolution). The idea was to take power and enhance the importance of the Andean Region in the country. It was led by Cipriano Castro and was successful.
Until the start of 20th century it was highly difficult travelling between Táchira state and others, even within the state. This condition led to cultural differences between the people of Táchira and those from the rest of Venezuela. The former were more influenced by Colombian culture, a more accessible region through Norte de Santander province.
السياحة
During January the Capital city of San Cristóbal celebrates its fiesta, which is recognized nationally for its industrial, commercial and agricultural exhibitions. During this time there are bull-fights, events, parties, and a number of artists come to have their shows.
الجغرافيا
تقع ولاية تاتشيرا في جبال الأنديز. أعلى نقطة فيها هي لا مونتانيا إل پولپيتو، بإرتفاع يناهز 3995 متر فوق سطح البحر. Táchira's population is mainly located in San Cristóbal is the most important and prosperous city of this state. Tariba, Rubio, Colon, La Grita are also other important urban centres for this state.
It has international borders with Colombia at West and South with Norte de Santander Department. At North it has Zulia and Mérida states and in the East it has Barinas and Apure states.
The main peaks are:
- The Pulpit: 3,912 m
- Moor Battalion: 3,507 m
- The Tama: 3,450 m
- Moor La Negra: 3,450 m
- Moor The Zumbador: 2,850 m
البلديات ومقارها
- Andrés Bello (Cordero)
- Antonio Romulo Costa (Las Mesas)
- Ayacucho (كولون)
- Bolívar (San Antonio del Táchira)
- Cárdenas (Táriba)
- Córdoba (Santa Ana del Táchira)
- Fernández Feo (San Rafael del Piñal)
- Francisco de Miranda (سان خوسيه دى بوليڤار)
- García de Hevia (لا فريا)
- Guasimos (Palmira)
- Independencia (Capacho Nuevo)
- Jauregui (لا گريتا)
- José María Vargas (El Cobre)
- Junín (روبيو)
- Libertad (Capacho Viejo)
- Libertador (Abejales)
- Lobatera (لوباتـِرا)
- Michelena (Michelena)
- Panamericano (Coloncito)
- Pedro María Ureña (Ureña)
- Rafael Urdaneta (Delicias)
- Samuel Dario Maldonado (لا تنديدا)
- سان كريستوبال (سان كريستوبال)
- San Judas Tadeo (Umuquena)
- Seboruco (Seboruco)
- Simón Rodríguez (San Simon)
- Sucre (Queniquea)
- Torbes (San Josecito)
- Uribante (Pregonero)
التعداد
الأعراق
According to the 2011 Census, the racial composition of the population was:
| المركب العرقي | التعداد | % |
|---|---|---|
| White | 743,013 | 58.8 |
| مستيزو | N/A | 38.6 |
| Black | 22,745 | 1.8 |
| Other race | N/A | 0.8 |
انظر أيضاً
- ولايات ڤنزويلا
- پوتوسي، ڤنزويلا
المراجع
- ^ http://www.visitatachira.com
- ^ Geografía de Táchira
- ^ "Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" (PDF). Ine.gov.ve. p. 29. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
