سنة 2014 (MMXIV) كانت سنة بسيطة تبدأ يوم الأربعاء (الرابط يعرض التقويم كاملاً) التقويم الگريگوري، السنة 2014 بعد الميلاد (م)، السنة 14 في الألفية 3، السنة 14 في القرن 21، والسنة خمسة في عقد 2010. 2014 (MMXIV) سيبدأ في يوم الثلاثاء. وهي السنة 2014 في التقويم الميلادي، والسنة 14 في الألفية الثالثة في القرن 21، الخامسة في عقد 2010.

By the United Nations, 2014 is designated the:

• International Year of Family Farming and Crystallography.
• International Year of Solidarity with the Palestinian People.

أحداث

يناير

• 1 يناير – Latvia officially adopts the Euro as its currency and becomes the 18th member of the Eurozone.

فبراير

• February–ongoing – The Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa begins, infecting over 17,000 people and killing at least 6,000 people, the most severe both in terms of numbers of infections and casualties.
• 7 فبراير–23 – 2014 Winter Olympics will be held in سوتشي، روسيا.
• 7 مارس–16 – 2014 Winter Paralympics will be held in Sochi, روسيا.
• February 13 – Belgium becomes the first country in the world to legalise euthanasia for terminally ill patients of any age.
• February 22 – The Ukrainian parliament votes to remove President Viktor Yanukovych from office, replacing him with Oleksandr Turchynov, after days of civil unrest left around 100 people dead in Kiev.

March

• Marchخمسة – Nicolás Maduro, the President of Venezuela, severs diplomatic and political ties with Panama, accusing Panama of being involved in a conspiracy against the Venezuelan government.
• Marchثمانية – Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, a Boeing 777 airliner en route to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur, disappears over the Gulf of Thailand with 239 people on board. The aircraft is presumed to have crashed into the Indian Ocean.
• March 16 – A referendum on the status of Crimea is held.
• March 21 – Russia formally annexes Crimea after President Vladimir Putin signed a bill finalizing the annexation process.
• 22 مارس – is Comet Holmes (17P/Holmes) next perihelion.

April

• Aprilعشرة – In response to the 2014 Crimean crisis, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) passes a resolution to temporarily strip Russia of its voting rights; its rights to be represented in the Bureau of the Assembly, the PACE Presidential Committee, and the PACE Standing Committee; and its right to participate in election-observation missions.
• April 14 – An estimated 276 girls and women are abducted and held hostage from a school in Nigeria.
• April 16 – Korean ferry capsizes and sinks after an unmanageable cargo shift, killing more than 290 people, mostly high school students.
• 8 أبريل – all Windows XP support, including security updates and security-related hotfixes, will be terminated.
• 29 أبريل – Annular solar eclipse.
• 29 مايو– is 4P/Faye next perihelion.
• يونيو– The James Webb Space Telescope will be launched.
• 13 يونيو- 13 يوليو- 2014 FIFA World Cup is held in البرازيل
• 24 أغسطس – The NASA's New Horizons spacecraft will cross the orbit of Neptune after 8½ years journey on to Pluto. It will be faster than Voyager 2, which took 12 years.

الوفيات

يناير

• Januaryخمسة – Eusébio, Portuguese footballer (و. 1942)
• Januaryسبعة – Run Run Shaw, Hong Kong filmmaker and entrepreneur (و. 1907)
• January 9
  • Amiri Baraka, American poet (و. 1934)
  • Dale T. Mortensen, American Nobel economist (و. 1939)
• Januaryعشرة – Zbigniew Messner, 9th Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Poland (و. 1929)
• January 11
  • أرييل شارون، رئيس وزراء إسرائيل الحادي عشر (و. 1928)
  • Vugar Gashimov, Azerbaijani chess grandmaster (و. 1986)
• January 14 – Mae Young, American professional wrestler (و. 1923)
• January 15
  • John Dobson, American amateur astronomer (و. 1915)
  • Roger Lloyd-Pack, British actor (و. 1944)
• January 16 – Hiroo Onoda, Japanese army officer (و. 1922)
• January 20 – Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (و. 1933)
• January 23 – Riz Ortolani, Italian film composer (و. 1926)
• January 25 – Gyula Sax, Hungarian chess grandmaster (و. 1951)
• January 26 – José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican poet and writer (و. 1939)
• January 27 – Pete Seeger, American singer, songwriter, musician, and activist (و. 1919)
• January 31 – Miklós Jancsó, Hungarian film director (و. 1921)

فبراير

• 1 فبراير
  • Luis Aragonés, Spanish football player and coach (و. 1938)
  • Maximilian Schell, Austrian-Swiss actor (و. 1930)
• February 2 – Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor (و. 1967)
• February ثلاثة – Louise Brough, American tennis player (و. 1923)
• February 10
  • Stuart Hall, Jamaican-British sociologist (و. 1932)
  • Shirley Temple, American actress and diplomat (و. 1928)
• February 11 – Alice Babs, Swedish singer (و. 1924)
• February 12 – Sid Caesar, American actor (و. 1922)
• February 13 – Richard Møller Nielsen, Danish football player and coach (و. 1937)
• February 14 – Tom Finney, English footballer (و. 1922)
• February 18 – Nelson Frazier, Jr., American professional wrestler (و. 1971)
• February 19 – Valeri Kubasov, Soviet cosmonaut (و. 1935)
• February 23 – Alice Herz-Sommer, Czech-British pianist (و. 1903)
• February 24 – Harold Ramis, American film director, writer, and actor (و. 1944)
• February 25 – Mário Coluna, Mozambican-born Portuguese footballer (و. 1935)
• February 26 – Paco de Lucía, Spanish guitarist (و. 1947)

مارس

• March 1 – Alain Resnais, French film director (و. 1922)
• Marchتسعة – Mohammed Fahim, Vice President of Afghanistan (و. ح. 1957)
• March 12 – Věra Chytilová, Czech film director (و. 1929)
• March 13 – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, 3rd President of Sierra Leone (و. 1932)
• March 14 – Tony Benn, British politician and diarist (و. 1925)
• March 18 – Lucius Shepard, American writer (و. 1942)
• March 19 – Fred Phelps, American pastor (و. 1929)
• March 20 – Hilderaldo Bellini, Brazilian footballer (و. 1930)
• March 21
  • Ignatius Zakka I Iwas, 122nd Syriac Orthodox Patriarch (و. 1933)
  • James Rebhorn, American actor (و. 1948)
• March 23 – Adolfo Suárez, 138th Prime Minister of Spain (و. 1932)
• March 27 – James R. Schlesinger, American economist and politician (و. 1929)
• March 31 – Frankie Knuckles, American disk jockey and record producer (و. 1955)

أبريل

• April 1 – Jacques Le Goff, French historian (و. 1924)
• April أربعة – Kumba Ialá, President of Guinea-Bissau (2000–2003) (و. 1953)
• Aprilستة – Mickey Rooney, American actor (و. 1920)
• April 8
  • The Ultimate Warrior, American professional wrestler (و. 1959)
  • Karlheinz Deschner, German activist and writer (و. 1924)
• Aprilتسعة – A. N. R. Robinson, 3rd President of Trinidad and Tobago (و. 1926)
• Aprilعشرة – Sue Townsend, British novelist and playwright (و. 1946)
• April 13 – Ernesto Laclau, Argentine political theorist (و. 1935)
• April 16 – Gyude Bryant, Liberian politician (و. 1949)
• April 17 – Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian Nobel writer (و. 1927)
• April 20 – Rubin Carter, American boxer (و. 1937)
• April 24
  • Hans Hollein, Austrian architect (و. 1934)
  • Tadeusz Różewicz, Polish poet and playwright (و. 1921)
• April 27 – Vujadin Boškov, Serbian football player and coach (و. 1931)
• April 29 – Bob Hoskins, British actor (و. 1942)

مايو

• May 2 – Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., American actor (و. 1918)
• May ثلاثة – Gary Becker, American Nobel economist (و. 1930)
• May 6
  • Jimmy Ellis, American boxer (و. 1940)
  • Farley Mowat, Canadian author (و. 1921)
• May 12
  • Marco Cé, Italian cardinal (و. 1925)
  • H. R. Giger, Swiss artist (و. 1940)
• May 15 – Jean-Luc Dehaene, 63rd Prime Minister of Belgium (و. 1940)
• May 17 – Gerald Edelman, American Nobel biologist (و. 1929)
• May 18
  • Dobrica Ćosić, Serbian writer and politician, President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (و. 1921)
  • Wubbo Ockels, Dutch astronaut and physicist (و. 1946)
  • Gordon Willis, American cinematographer (و. 1931)
• May 19 – Jack Brabham, Australian race car driver (و. 1926)
• May 21 – Jaime Lusinchi, President of Venezuela (و. 1924)
• May 25 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Communist leader of Poland (و. 1923)
• May 28
  • Maya Angelou, American poet and author (و. 1928)
  • Malcolm Glazer, American businessman (و. 1928)
• May 29 – Karlheinz Böhm, Austrian actor (و. 1928)
• May 31
  • Marinho Chagas, Brazilian footballer (و. 1952)
  • Martha Hyer, American actress (و. 1924)

يونيو

• June 1 – Valentin Mankin, Ukrainian sailor, Olympic triple champion and silver medalist (و. 1938)
• June 2
  • Alexander Shulgin, American pharmacologist and chemist (و. 1925)
• Juneسبعة – Fernandão, Brazilian footballer and manager (و. 1978)
• June 9
  • Rik Mayall, British comedian, writer and actor (و. 1958)
• June 11
  • Ruby Dee, American actress, poet, and playwright (و. 1922)
  • Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos, Spanish conductor and composer (و. 1933)
• June 13 – Gyula Grosics, Hungarian footballer and manager (و. 1926)
• June 15
  • Casey Kasem, American radio host and voice actor (و. 1932)
  • Daniel Keyes, American author (و. 1927)
• June 18
  • Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist (و. 1923)
  • Horace Silver, American jazz pianist and composer (و. 1928)
• June 24
  • Ramón José Velásquez, Venezuelan historian, journalist and politician (و. 1916)
  • Eli Wallach, American actor (و. 1915)
• June 25 – Ana María Matute, Spanish author (و. 1925)
• June 26 – Howard Baker, American politician and diplomat (و. 1925)
• June 27
  • Leslie Manigat, 43rd President of Haiti (و. 1930)
  • Bobby Womack, American singer-songwriter (و. 1944)
• June 30
  • Paul Mazursky, American director, producer, and screenwriter (و. 1930)
  • Željko Šturanović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (و. 1960)

يوليو

• July 7
  • Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentine-Spanish footballer (و. 1926)
  • Eduard Shevardnadze, 2nd President of Georgia (و. 1928)
• Julyعشرة – Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress and dancer (و. 1912)
• July 11
  • Charlie Haden, American jazz bassist (و. 1937)
  • Tommy Ramone, Hungarian-American drummer and producer (و. 1949)
  • John Seigenthaler, American journalist (و. 1927)
• July 13
  • Lorin Maazel, French-American conductor and violinist (و. 1930)
  • Nadine Gordimer, South African Nobel writer (و. 1923)
• July 14 – Alice Coachman, American athlete (و. 1923)
• July 16 – Johnny Winter, American singer and guitarist (و. 1944)
• July 17
  • Henry Hartsfield, American colonel and astronaut (و. 1933)
  • Elaine Stritch, American actress and singer (و. 1925)
• July 19
  • David Easton, Canadian-American political scientist (و. 1917)
  • James Garner, American actor (و. 1928)
• July 25 – Carlo Bergonzi, Italian tenor and actor (و. 1924)
• July 27 – Francesco Marchisano, Italian cardinal (و. 1929)
• July 30 – Julio Grondona, Argentinian football authority (و. 1931)

أغسطس

• August 1 – Valyantsin Byalkevich, Belarusian footballer and manager (و. 1973)
• August ثلاثة – Edward Clancy, Australian cardinal (و. 1923)
• August 8
  • Menahem Golan, Israeli filmmaker (و. 1929)
  • Peter Sculthorpe, Australian composer (و. 1929)
• Augustتسعة – Andriy Bal, Ukrainian football player and coach (و. 1958)
• August 11
  • Vladimir Beara, Yugoslav football player and manager (و. 1928)
  • Pierre Ryckmans, Belgian diplomat and author (و. 1935)
  • Robin Williams, American actor and comedian (و. 1951)
• August 12 – Lauren Bacall, American actress (و. 1924)
• August 13 – Frans Brüggen, Dutch musician (و. 1934)
• August 15 – Licia Albanese, Italian-American soprano (و. 1909)
• August 19 – Simin Behbahani, Iranian poet (و. 1927)
• August 20
  • B. K. S. Iyengar, Indian yoga teacher and author (و. 1918)
  • Edmund Szoka, American cardinal (و. 1927)
• August 21
  • Robert Hansen, American serial killer (و. 1939)
  • Albert Reynolds, Irish Taoiseach (prime minister) (و. 1932)
• August 24 – Richard Attenborough, British actor and film director (و. 1923)
• August 28 – Glenn Cornick, British bass guitarist (و. 1947)
• August 29 – Björn Waldegård, Swedish rally driver (و. 1943)

سبتمبر

• September 1 – Gottfried John, German actor (و. 1942)
• September 4
  • Gustavo Cerati, Argentine singer-songwriter and guitarist (و. 1959)
  • Donatas Banionis, Lithuanian actor (و. 1924)
  • Joan Rivers, American comedian, actress, and television host (و. 1933)
• Septemberخمسة – Wolfhart Pannenberg, German theologian (و. 1928)
• Septemberستة – Kira Zvorykina, Belarusian chess player (و. 1919)
• Septemberسبعة – Yoshiko Ōtaka, Chinese-Japanese actress, singer, and politician (و. 1920)
• Septemberثمانية – Magda Olivero, Italian soprano (و. 1910)
• Septemberعشرة – Richard Kiel, American actor (و. 1939)
• September 12
  • Atef Ebeid, Egyptian politician, 47th Prime Minister of Egypt (و. 1932)
  • Ian Paisley, British politician and First Minister of Northern Ireland (و. 1926)
  • Joe Sample, American pianist and composer (و. 1939)
• September 15
  • Yitzhak Hofi, Israeli general (و. 1927)
  • Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia (و. 1922)
• September 17 – Andriy Husin, Ukrainian footballer and manager (و. 1972)
• September 20
  • Anatoly Berezovoy, Soviet cosmonaut (و. 1942)
  • Polly Bergen, American actress (و. 1930)
• September 24 – Christopher Hogwood, English conductor, writer, and musicologist (و. 1941)
• September 25
  • Sulejman Tihić, Bosnian politician (و. 1951)
  • Dorothy Tyler-Odam, British athlete (و. 1920)
• September 28 – Dannie Abse, British poet (و. 1923)
• September 30 – Martin Lewis Perl, American Nobel physicist (و. 1927)

أكتوبر

• October 2 – György Lázár, Hungarian politician, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (و. 1924)
• October 4
  • Fyodor Cherenkov, Russian footballer and manager (و. 1959)
  • Jean-Claude Duvalier, 41st President of Haiti (و. 1951)
• October 5
  • Andrea de Cesaris, Italian race car driver (و. 1959)
  • Yuri Lyubimov, Russian actor and director (و. 1917)
• October 6
  • Igor Mitoraj, Polish sculptor (و. 1944)
  • Marian Seldes, American actress (و. 1928)
• Octoberسبعة – Siegfried Lenz, German writer (و. 1926)
• Octoberتسعة – Jan Hooks, American actress and comedian (و. 1957)
• October 14 – Elizabeth Peña, American actress (و. 1959)
• October 16 – John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, British peer and educator (و. 1926)
• October 17 – Masaru Emoto, Japanese author (و. 1943)
• October 20 – Oscar de la Renta, Dominican-American fashion designer (و. 1932)
• October 21 – Gough Whitlam, 21st Prime Minister of Australia (و. 1916)
• October 23 – Tullio Regge, Italian physicist and academic (و. 1931)
• October 24 – Mbulaeni Mulaudzi, South African middle-distance runner (و. 1980)
• October 25 – Jack Bruce, British rock bassist (و. 1943)
• October 28 – Michael Sata, 5th President of Zambia (و. 1937)
• October 29
  • Rainer Hasler, Liechtenstein footballer (و. 1958)
  • Klas Ingesson, Swedish footballer (و. 1968)
• October 30 – Thomas Menino, American politician, 53rd Mayor of Boston (و. 1942)

نوفمبر

• November 1 – Wayne Static, American guitarist and vocalist (و. 1965)
• November 2
  • Acker Bilk, British jazz clarinetist (و. 1929)
  • Veljko Kadijević, Yugoslavian general (و. 1925)
• November ثلاثة – Gordon Tullock, American economist and academic (و. 1922)
• Novemberعشرة – Ken Takakura, Japanese actor (و. 1931)
• November 12 – Warren Clarke, English actor (و. 1947)
• November 13 – Alexander Grothendieck, German-French mathematician (و. 1928)
• November 14
  • Eugene Dynkin, Russian-American mathematician and academic (و. 1924)
  • Glen A. Larson, American television producer and writer (و. 1937)
• November 16 – Serge Moscovici, Romanian-French psychologist (و. 1925)
• November 19 – Mike Nichols, German-born American director (و. 1931)
• November 20 – Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba, Spanish aristocrat (و. 1926)
• November 22 – Fiorenzo Angelini, Italian cardinal (و. 1916)
• November 24 – Viktor Tikhonov, Soviet ice hockey player and coach (و. 1930)
• November 26 – Sabah, Lebanese singer and actress (و. 1927)
• November 27 – P. D. James, English writer and life peer (و. 1920)
• November 28 – Chespirito, Mexican actor and comedian (و. 1929)
• November 30 – Go Seigen, Chinese-born Japanese Go player (و. 1914)

ديسمبر

• 10 ديسمبر - عبد الرحمن السديس، مقرئ الحرم المكي.

الأعياد والمناسبات

• 1 فبراير – Imbolc (يحتفل به في 2 فبراير في بعض الأماكن)
• 4 مارس – Shrove Tuesday
• 5 مارس – Ash Wednesday
• 17 مارس – St Patrick's Day
• 20 مارس – Spring Equinox
• 20 أبريل – عيد الفصح
• 1 مايو– May Day
• 21 يونيو– Summer solstice, also known as Midsummer
• 1 أغسطس – Lammas
• 23 سبتمبر – Fall Equinox
• 4 أكتوبر – عيد الأضحى
• 23 أكتوبر – Diwali
• 1 نوفمبر – All Saints and Samhain
• 17 ديسمبر – Chanukah
• 21 ديسمبر – Winter solstice
• 25 ديسمبر – رأس السنة

المصادر