مارون (شعوب)

Body of Ndyuka Maroon child brought before a shaman, Suriname 1955

المارون أثناء أحد اٍحتفالاتهم

المارون وتعني الذين يعيشون على قمم الجبال (من الاٍسبانية cima: قمة) و(من الاٍنجليزية/الاٍسبانية cimarrón: هارب أوالهارب) حيث هرب العبيد في جميع من الكاريبي، أمريكا الوسطى، أمريكا الجنوبية والشمالية وشكلوا مستوطنات مستقلة جنبا إلى جنب.

تاريخ المارون

Ndyuka Maroon women with washing. Suriname River. 1955

Culture

Maroon village, Suriname River, 1955

انظر أيضاً

Afro-Latin American
Black Indians
Black Seminoles
Capoeira
Cimarron people (Panama)
First Maroon War
Gaspar Yanga
Marie-Elena John
Maroon music
Quilombo
Saramaka
Second Maroon War
Sranan Tongo
Zambo

الهامش

References

Daughters of the Dust (1991), film by Julie Dash taking place in 1902 off the coast of South Carolina and Georgia. It shows how, on an isolated island, a group of people manages to hold on to their Ibo customs and traditions. ISBN 0-525-94109-6
Ganga Zumba (1963), film by Carlos Diegues
Quilombo (1985), film by Carlos Diegues about Palmares, ASIN B0009WIE8E
Hoogbergen, Wim S. M. Brill (1997), The Boni Maroon Wars in Suriname, Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-09303-6
Corzo, Gabino La Rosa (2003), Runaway Slave Settlements in Cuba: Resistance and Repression (translated by Mary Todd), Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-8078-2803-3
De Granada, Germán (1970), Cimarronismo, palenques y Hablas “Criollas” en Hispanoamérica Instituto Caro y Cuero, Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia, OCLC 37821053 (in Spanish)
van Velzen, H.U.E. Thoden and van Wetering, Wilhelmina (2004), In the Shadow of the Oracle: Religion as Politics in a Suriname Maroon Society, Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press. ISBN 1-57766-323-3
Price, Richard (ed.) (1973), Maroon Societies: rebel slave communities in the Americas, Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Books. ISBN 0-385-06508-6
Honychurch, Lennox (1995), The Dominica Story, London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-62776-8 (Includes extensive chapters on the Maroons of Dominica)
Thompson, Alvin O. (2006), Flight to Freedom: African runaways and maroons in the Americas University of West Indies Press, Kingston, Jamaica, ISBN 976-640-180-2
Learning, Hugo Prosper (1995), Hidden Americans: Maroons of Virginia and the Carolinas Garland Publishing, New York, ISBN 0-8153-1543-0
Campbell, Mavis Christine (1988), The Maroons of Jamaica, 1655–1796: a history of resistance, collaboration & betrayal, Granby, Mass.: Bergin & Garvey. ISBN 0-89789-148-1
Dallas, R. C. The History of the Maroons, from Their Origin to the Establishment of Their Chief Tribe at Sierra Leone. 2 vols. London: Longman. 1803.
Sergey Slepchenko (2009), Nations of Latin America, Phoenix, Rostov-on-Don, ISBm 92-86-36414-2

للاستزادة

Johnson, Brian D. "The Land of Look Behind", Equinox Magazine, September–October 1983, pp. 49–65. A detailed article with many superb photos.

وصلات خارجية

Maroon music and teaching methods
Creativity and Resistance: Maroon Cultures in the Americas
A good short history of the "Bush Negroes" of Suriname
The Maroons, Hindustanis and others of Surinam
"The Maroon Culture of Endurance by Helen Reidell". A history of Jamaican Maroons. Also available in Américas Magazine, Vol. 42, January–February 1990, pp. 46–49.