نان‌چانگ
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نان‌چانگ (بالصينية: 南昌؛ Nanchang) هي عاصمة مقاطعة جيانگ‌شي في جنوب شرق الصين. اعتبارا من 2010[تحديث], a population of 5,042,565 live in the prefecture, in which 2,357,838 live in the area made up of all five urban districts. Located in the north-central part of the province, it is bounded on the west by the Jiuling Mountains, and on the east by بحيرة پويانگ. Because of its strategic location connecting the prosperous East and South China, it has become a major railway hub in Southern China in recent decades.
وبما حتى انتفاضة نان‌چانگ في 1927 يـُعرِّفها تحديداً الحزب الشيوعي الحاكم بأنها "أطلقت أول رصاصة ضد الوطنيين الأشرار", the current government has therefore named the city since 1949 "مدينة الأبطال", "the place where the People's Liberation Army was born", and the most widely known "place where the military banner of the People's Liberation Army was first raised".
التاريخ
Nanchang is a city of long history. As early as 50,000 years ago, clans inhibited the Anyi region of the Nanchang city. About three thousand years ago, to the north Aixi Lake, south of Qingyun Pu, the arc of the formation of ancient Nanchang gathering area residents.
الجغرافيا
Nanchang is located 130 kم (430,000 قدم) south of the Yangtze River and is situated on the right bank of the Gan River just below its confluence with the Jin River and some 40 kم (130,000 قدم) southwest of its discharge into بحيرة پويانگ.
المناخ
Nanchang has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with four distinct seasons. Winters are short and cool with occasional frosts; it begins somewhat sunny and dry but becomes progressively wetter and more overcast. Spring begins especially gloomy, and from April to June, each month has more than 220 mم (0.7 قدم) of rainfall. Summer is long and humid, with amongst the highest temperatures of any Chinese provincial capital, and with the sun shining close to 60 percent of the time in July and August, is the sunniest time of year. Autumn is warm to mild with the lowest rainfall levels of the year. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 5.5 °م (41.9 °ف) in January to 29.5 °م (85.1 °ف) in July, while the annual mean is 18.00 °م (64.4 °ف). Annual precipitation stands at around 1,610 mم (5 قدم); with monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 23 percent in March to 60 percent in August, the city receives 1,832 hours of sunshine annually in average. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from −9.7 °م (15 °ف) on 29 December 1991 to 40.6 °م (105 °ف) on 23 July 1961.
| بيانات مناخ نان‌چانگ (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °س (°ف) | 25.3 (77.5) |
28.7 (83.7) |
32.5 (90.5) |
34.6 (94.3) |
36.5 (97.7) |
37.7 (99.9) |
40.6 (105.1) |
39.7 (103.5) |
38.6 (101.5) |
35.4 (95.7) |
32.3 (90.1) |
26.1 (79) |
40٫6 (105٫1) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 8.8 (47.8) |
11.2 (52.2) |
15.2 (59.4) |
21.7 (71.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
29.6 (85.3) |
33.7 (92.7) |
33.1 (91.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
17.9 (64.2) |
11.9 (53.4) |
21٫9 (71٫4) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | 5.5 (41.9) |
7.7 (45.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
17.7 (63.9) |
22.8 (73) |
25.9 (78.6) |
29.5 (85.1) |
28.9 (84) |
25.1 (77.2) |
19.9 (67.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
18 (64٫4) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 3.0 (37.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
8.7 (47.7) |
14.6 (58.3) |
19.7 (67.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
26.1 (79) |
25.8 (78.4) |
22.2 (72) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.6 (51.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
15٫1 (59٫2) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | −7.7 (18.1) |
-9.3 (15.3) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
2.4 (36.3) |
10.0 (50) |
14.8 (58.6) |
18.9 (66) |
19.5 (67.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
-9٫7 |
| هطول mm (inches) | 79.0 (3.11) |
104.8 (4.126) |
176.9 (6.965) |
220.4 (8.677) |
222.9 (8.776) |
299.1 (11.776) |
139.4 (5.488) |
124.6 (4.906) |
70.4 (2.772) |
55.7 (2.193) |
76.4 (3.008) |
44.1 (1.736) |
1٬613٫7 (63٫531) |
| % Humidity | 76 | 77 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 82 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 75٫9 |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 13.3 | 13.6 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 15.7 | 15.0 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 8.2 | 144٫1 |
| Sunshine hours | 89.0 | 83.1 | 94.2 | 125.2 | 161.4 | 159.5 | 248.6 | 233.2 | 189.5 | 168.4 | 143.0 | 137.8 | 1٬832٫9 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | |||||||||||||
الديمغرافيا
اعتبارا من 2010[تحديث] (Census), Nanchang has a population of 5,042,565, of which about 2.3 million live in built-up (urbanized) area consists of five urban districts. 37 ethnic groups were counted amongst its prefecture divisions.
الادارة
| الخريطة | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Division code | English | Chinese | Pinyin | Area in km2 | Seat | Postal code | Subdivisions | ||||
| Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Residential communities | Villages | |||||||
| 360100 | Nanchang | 南昌市 | Nánchāng Shì | 7194 | Donghu District (Honggutan N.A.) | 330000 | 30 | 49 | 31 | 625 | 1161 |
| 360102 | Donghu District | 东湖区 | Dōnghú Qū | 30 | Gongyuan Subdistrict (公园街道) | 330000 | 10 | 159 | 21 | ||
| 360103 | Xihu District | 西湖区 | Xīhú Qū | 43 | Chaoyangzhou Subdistrict (朝阳洲街道) | 330000 | 10 | 1 | 136 | 13 | |
| 360104 | Qingyunpu District | 青云谱区 | Qīngyúnpǔ Qū | 40 | Sanjiadian Subdistrict (三家店街道) | 330000 | 5 | 1 | 63 | 12 | |
| 360105 | Wanli District | 湾里区 | Wānlǐ Qū | 254 | Zhaoxian (招贤镇) | 330000 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 35 | |
| 360111 | Qingshanhu District | 青山湖区 | Qīngshānhú Qū | 250 | Jingdong (京东镇) | 330000 | 3 | 6 | 116 | 101 | |
| 360112 | Xinjian District | 新建区 | Xīnjiàn Qū | 2160 | Changleng (长堎镇) | 330100 | 10 | 9 | 39 | 300 | |
| 360121 | Nanchang County | 南昌县 | Nánchāng Xiàn | 1811 | Liantang (莲塘镇) | 330200 | 11 | 7 | 47 | 311 | |
| 360123 | Anyi County | 安义县 | Ānyì Xiàn | 660 | Longjin (龙津镇) | 330500 | 7 | 3 | 16 | 105 | |
| 360124 | Jinxian County | 进贤县 | Jìnxián Xiàn | 1946 | Minhe (民和镇) | 331700 | 9 | 2 | 37 | 263 | |
- Honggutan New District (红谷滩新区) is an economic management area and not a formal administrative division.
الاقتصاد
Nanchang is a regional hub for agricultural production in Jiangxi province. The yield of grain was 16.146 million tons in 2000. Products such as rice and oranges are economic staples. The Ford Motor Company has a plant in Nanchang, assembling the Ford Transit van as part of the Jiangling Motor joint venture. Many of its industry revolves around aircraft manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, metallurgy, electro-mechanics, textile, chemical engineering, traditional Chinese medicine, pharmaceuticals and others.
The GDP of Nanchang in 2008 was 166 billion Yuan (24.3 billion USD). The GDP per capita was 36,105 Yuan (5,285 USD). The total value of imports and exports was 3.4 billion US dollars. The total financial revenue was 23 billion Yuan.
المعالم
- Tengwang Pavilion, a towering pavilion dating to 653,on the east bank of the Gan River and is one of "أبراج الصين الأربعة العظمى"
- بحيرة پويانگ, the largest fresh water lake in China, it is also called "the Migrator Birds Paradise".
- Star of Nanchang, which was the world's tallest Ferris wheel from 2006-2008, in Honggu New District
- Qiushui Square, established on 28 January 2004 with the largest music fountain group with music in Asia.[]
- Jiangxi Provincial Museum and Bada Shanren Exhibition Hall
- People's Park, the largest park in downtown Nanchang
- Bayi Square and Memorial, at the center of Nanchang, commemorates the Nanchang Uprising of 8/1 (Ba Yi in Mandarin) in 1927, which led to the formation of modern China in 1949.
انظر أيضاً
- List of twin towns and sister cities in China
الهامش
- ^ http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-jiangxi-admin.php
- ^ "Illuminating China's Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions". PRC Central Government Official Website. Retrieved 2014-05-17.
- ^ "南昌市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报". 江西省统计局 (in Chinese). 南昌市统计局. 20 March 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2015.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ Schwartz, Benjamin, Chinese Communism and the Rise of Mao, Harper & Row (New York: 1951), p. 93.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2013-02-18. CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2010-05-04. CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ 国家统计局统计用区划代码 Archived 2013-04-05 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ 《贵阳统计年鉴2011》
- ^ 《中国民政统计年鉴2011》
- ^ 国土资源局数字为7432.18平方公里
- ^ "Jiangling Motors Corporation, Ltd. website".
- ^ [1] Archived April 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ "Jiangxi". Unescap.org. Archived from the original on 2004-06-26. Retrieved 2012-01-16.
- ^ "China claims world's largest Ferris wheel - Boston.com". Archived from the original on May 1, 2007.
- ^ [People's Park, Nanchang] (in Chinese). Xinhua. 2008-04-01. Retrieved 2014-05-04.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Wang, Qiaolin (بالصينية: 王巧林; پن‌ين: Wáng Qiǎolín) et al. 1996. Jiangnan Famous Site: The Pavilion of Prince Teng (الصينية المبسطة: 江南名胜 滕王阁; الصينية التقليدية: 江南名勝 滕王閣; پن‌ين: Jiāngnán Míngshèng Téngwáng Gé). Baihuazhou Literary Press (بالصينية: 百花洲文艺出版社; پن‌ين: Báihuāzhōu Wényì Chūbǎnshè). 247 pages. ISBN 7-80579-797-8.
وصلات خارجية
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nanchang. |
- Nanchang Government website
- Map of Nanchang
نطقب:Jiangxi topics نطقب:Jiangxi
