الحرب الصينية الڤيتنامية
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الحرب الصينية الڤيتنامية (ڤيتنامية: Chiến tranh biên giới Việt-Trung; الصينية المبسطة: 中越战争; الصينية التقليدية: 中越戰爭; پن‌ين: Zhōng-Yuè Zhànzhēng), also known as the حرب الهند الصينية الثالثة, was a brief border war fought between the People's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in early 1979. China launched the offensive in response to Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Cambodia in 1978 (التي أنهت حكم الخمير الحمر المدعومين من الصين).
Chinese forces entered northern Vietnam and captured several cities near the border. On March 6, 1979, China declared that the gate to Hanoi was open and that their punitive mission had been achieved, before withdrawing their troops from Vietnam. Both China and Vietnam claimed victory in the last of the حروب الهند الصينية. As Vietnamese troops remained in Cambodia until 1989, it can be said that China was unsuccessful in their goal of dissuading Vietnam from involvement in Cambodia. Following the حل الاتحاد السوڤيتي، الحدود الصينية الڤيتنامية was finalized.
Although unable to deter Vietnam from Cambodia, China was able to demonstrate that its Cold War communist adversary, the Soviet Union, was unable to protect its Vietnamese ally. Following worsening relations between the Soviet Union and China as a result of the Sino-Soviet split, as many as 1.5 million Chinese troops were stationed along the Sino-Soviet border, in preparation for a full-scale war with the Soviets.
نسق المعركة
القتال
الأعقاب
الأسرى
العلاقات الصينية الڤيتنامية بعد الحرب
الإعلان في ديسمبر 2007 عن خطة إنشاء طريق هانوي-کون‌مینگ السريع كان علامة فارقة في العلاقات الصينية الڤيتنامية. The road will traverse the border that once served as a battleground. It should contribute to demilitarizing the border region, as well as facilitating trade and industrial cooperation between the nations.
انظر أيضاً
- List of wars involving the People's Republic of China
- List of wars involving Vietnam
- Cambodian–Vietnamese War
- Sino-Soviet border conflict
الهامش
- ^ http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1057&context=mscas
- ^ Elleman, Bruce A. (2001). Modern Chinese Warfare, 1795-1989. Routledge. p. 297. ISBN .
- ^ http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR700/RR768/RAND_RR768.pdf
- ^ Nayan Chanda, "End of the Battle but Not of the War", p. 10. Khu vực có giá trị tượng trưng tinh thần nhất là khoảng 300m đường xe lửa giữa Hữu Nghị Quan và trạm kiểm soát biên giới Việt Nam.
- ^ Nguyen, Can Van. "Sino-Vietnamese Border Issues". NGO Realm. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ Nguyen, Can Van. "INTERVIEW ON TERRITORY AND TERRITORIAL WATERS". vlink.com. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
- ^ Zygmunt Czarnotta and Zbigniew Moszumański, Altair Publishing, Warszawa 1995, ISBN 83-86217-16-2
- ^ Zhang Xiaoming, "China's 1979 War with Vietnam: A Reassessment", China Quarterly, Issue no. 184 (December 2005), pp. 851–874. Actually are thought to have been 200,000 with 400 – 550 tanks. Zhang writes that: "Existing scholarship tends towards an estimate of as many as 25,000 PLA killed in action and another 37,000 wounded. Recently available Chinese sources categorize the PLA’s losses as 6,594 dead and approximately 21,000 injured, giving a total of 24,000 casualties from an invasion force of 200,000."
- ^ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/prc-vietnam.htm
- ^ King V. Chen (1987): China's War With Việt Nam, 1979. Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University, page 103
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةmil.chinaiiss.org - ^ China at War: An Encyclopedia, p. 413, at Google Books
- ^ Russell D. Howard, , USAF Institute for National Security Studies, USAF Academy, September 1999
- ^ Tonnesson, Bởi Stein (2010). Vietnam 1946: How the War Began. University of California Press. p. 2. ISBN .
- ^ Chan, Gerald (1989). (illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 80. ISBN .
- ^ . Volumes 27-100 of DA pam. Contributors United States. Dept. of the Army, Judge Advocate General's School (United States. Army). Headquarters, Department of the Army. 1988. p. 72.CS1 maint: others (link)
- ^ https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=vY4tBfqGvZ4C&pg=PA114&redir_esc=y&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false
- ^ Vietnam, p. 158, at Google Books
- ^ Elleman, Bruce A. (2001). Modern Chinese Warfare, 1795-1989. Routledge. p. 297. ISBN .
- ^ Greenlees, Donald Approval near for Vietnam-China highway International Herald Tribune, December 13, 2007
وصلات خارجية
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مشاع الفهم فيه ميديا متعلقة بموضوع Sino-Vietnamese War. |
- Global Security Analysis of the Sino-Vietnamese War
- Order of Battle
- Air Power in the War
- G.D.Bakshi: The Sino-Vietnam War – 1979: Case Studies in Limited Wars
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Additional sources
- 外国专家点评中国对越自卫反击战的战略战术 (The PLA's war strategy and tactic in the eye of western experts)
- 对越自卫反击战：我军大量伤亡原因分析
