السيطرة المدنية على الجيش
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السيطرة المدنية على الجيش Civilian control of the military، هي عقيدة في العلوم العسكرية والسياسية تضع المسؤولية المطلقة عن خلق القرار الاستراتيجي للدولة في أيدي القيادة السياسية المدنية، بدلاً من الضباط العسكريين المحترفين. أحد المؤلفين، اقتبس من كتابات صوميل پ. هنتينگون في الجندي والدولة، التي لخص فيها فكرة السيطرة المدنية على أنها "التبعية المناسبة لليجش الاحترافي المتخصص لإنهاء السياسة التي وضعتها السلطة المدنية".[1]
المبررات
Admiral John B. Nathman (far right) and Admiral William J. Fallon salute during honors arrival of Secretary of the Navy Gordon R. England at a change of command ceremony in 2005. A subordinate of the civilian Secretary of Defense, The Secretary of the Navy is the civilian Head of the Department of the Navy, which includes the U.S. Navy and the Marine Corps.
النظرية الليبرالية والآباء المؤسسون الأمريكان
إنفاذ القانون المحلي
المنهج الماوي
أساليب تأكيد السيطرة المدنية
An immensely popular hero of الحرب العالمية الثانية, General Douglas MacArthur's public insistence on the need to expand the Korean War, over the objections of President Harry S. Truman, led to the termination of his command.
القائد العام المدني
تكوين الجيش
التطورات التقنية
During the term of Lyndon B. Johnson, the President and his advisors often chose specific bombing targets in Vietnam on the basis of larger geopolitical calculations, without professional knowledge of the weapons or tactics. Apropos of LBJ's direction of the bombing campaign in Vietnam, no air warfare specialists attended the Tuesday lunches at which the targeting decisions were made.
السيطرة المدنية التنافسية
انظر أيضاً
- مناهضة العسكرة
- العلاقات المدنية العسكرية
- المجمع العسكري الصناعي
- قانون الأمن القومي
- المفوض السياسي
- ثورة الأميرالات
- فصل القوى
- دولة داخل دولة
- القوات المسلحة والمجتمع
المصادر
- ^ Washington's Management of the ROLLING THUNDER Campaigh, M. Jacobsen, US Naval Historical Center Colloquium on Contemporary History Project
- - Cairo, Michael F. Democracy Papers: Civilian Control of the Military, U.S. Department of State International Information Programs.
- - Kohn, Richard H. An Essay on Civilian Control of the Military. 1997.
- - Mao Zedong, English language translation by Marxists.org. On Correcting Mistaken Ideas in the Party. 1929.
- - Mao Zedong, English language translation by Marxists.org. Problems of War and Strategy. 1938. (See also: Wikiquote: Mao Zedong.)
- - Taylor, Edward R. Command in the 21st Century: An Introduction to Civil-Military Affairs (pdf), United States Navy Postgraduate School thesis. 1998: 30-32.
- -Hendell, Garri B. "[2]" "Domestic Use of the Armed Forces to Maintain Law and Order—posse comitatus Pitfalls at the Inauguration of the 44th President" Publius (2011) 41(2): 336-348 first published online May 6, 2010 DOI:10.1093/publius/pjq014
قراءات إضافية
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von Clausewitz, Carl. On War — Volume One.
- 1832 German language edition available on the internet at the Clausewitz Homepage
- 1874 English language translation by Colonel J.J. Granham downloadable here from Project Gutenberg.
- 1982 Penguin Classics paperback version, ISBN 0-14-044427-0.
- Desch, Michael C. Civilian Control of the Military : The Changing Security Environment Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8018-6059-8
- Feaver, Peter D. Armed Servants : Agency, Oversight, and Civil-Military Relations. Harvard University Press, 2005 ISBN 0-674-01761-7
- Finer, Samel E. The Man on Horseback: The Role of the Military in Politics. Transaction Publishers, 2002. ISBN 0-7658-0922-2
- Hendell, Garri B. "Domestic Use of the Armed Forces to Maintain Law and Order—posse comitatus Pitfalls at the Inauguration of the 44th President" Publius (2011) 41(2): 336-348 first published online May 6, 2010 DOI:10.1093/publius/pjq014
- Huntington, Samuel P. - Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations. Belknap Press, 1981 edition. ISBN 0-674-81736-2
- Levy, Yagil. A Revised Model of Civilian Control of the Military: The Interaction between the Republican Exchange and the Control Exchange, Armed Forces & Society, Vol. 38, No. أربعة (2012)
- Janowitz, Morris - The Professional Soldier. Free Press, 1964, ISBN 0-02-916180-0.
