العلاقات الإسرائيلية الآذرية
 إسرائيل |
 أذربيجان |
|---|---|
العلاقات الإسرائيلية الآذرية، هي العلاقات الخارجية بين إسرائيل وأذربيجان. وترتبط البلدان بعلاقات قوية تأسست منذ عام 1992.أذربيجان هي واحدة من البلدان المسلمة القليلة التي ترتبط بعلاقات اقتصادية واستراتيجية ثنائية مع إسرائيل، بالإضافة لمصر، الأردن، هجريا.
خلفية
في 18 أكتوبر 1991، أعرب البرلمان الآذري استقلاله، وفي نوفمبر 1991 أصبحت هجريا أول دولة تعترف به رسميا. في 25 ديسمبر 1991، اعترف إسرائيل رسميا بإستقلال أذربيجان ، وأصبحت من أولى الدول التي عملت ذلك، وبدأت العلاقات الدبلوماسية بين البلدين فيسبعة أبريل 1992..
في يوليو2010 قام داڤيد هاريس، المدير التطبيقي للجنة اليهودية الأمريكية بزيارة أذربيجان، بعد إنتهاء زيارة وزير الخارجية هيلاري كلينتون لباكو. أثناء استقباله، أشاد داڤيد آلان هاريس بالأهمية الثقافية والسياسية والإستراتيجية لأذربيجان.
ويقيم في أذربيجان حوالي 12.000يهود الجبل، يعيش أغلبهم في باكووQırmızı Qəsəbə . ويعيش يهود الجبل في أذربيجان منذ أكثر من 2,500 سنة؛ ويعتبرون أنفسهم من نسل اليهود المنفيون من بابل بعد تدمير المعبد الأول في 586 ق.م. فيما يعهد في العصر الحديث باسم إيران. في القرن الثمن، أثناء الفتح الإسلامي، استوطن العرب الضواحي اليهودية في باكون في عام 1730، حيث جاز لليهود بالاستقرار والتملك في قباء. . ويوجد أيضا حوالي 5000 يهودي أشكنازي يعيش معظمهم في باكو. وكانت سوتشنوت أول مدرسة يهودية في الاتحاد السوڤيتي، تم إفتتاحها في باكوعاصمة أذربيجان الاشتراكية عام 1982.
العصر الحديث
نتيجة لحرب ناگورنوقرةباخ، والتي انتهت بوقف إطلاق النار من جانب روسيا في مايو1994، تقع 16% of من الأراضي الأذرية تحت الحكم الأرمني حتى اليوم. وأسفرت الحرب بين البلدين عن سقوط 30,000 قتيل، وتشرد 800,000 لاجئ. وكانت إسرائيل تدعم أذربيجان أثناء الصراح.
Israeli-Azerbaijani ties have been expanding since the very early 1990s. The strategic relationship included cooperation in trade and security matters, cultural and educational exchanges, etc. In March 2005, Israeli cultural festival was held in Azerbaijan. Relations entered a new phase in August 1997 during the visit of then the Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu to Baku. Since then Israel has been developing closer ties with Azerbaijan and have helped modernize the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan. Israeli military is said to have been a major provider of battlefield aviation, artillery, antitank, and anti-infantry weaponry to Azerbaijan.
In 2009, Israeli President Shimon Peres made a visit to Azerbaijan where military relations were expanded further, with the Israeli company Aeronautics Defense Systems Ltd announcing it was going to build a factory in Baku.
In 2010, when Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev issued a decree forbidding foreigners from obtaining visas in the country's international airports and obligating them to apply for visas in the nearest Azerbaijani consulate, Israel became one of the two countries whose citizens remained unaffected by the new law.
التعاون الأمني
Following an October 2001 meeting with Israeli ambassador Eitan Naeh, Azerbaijan's former president Heydar Aliyev declared their positions in the fight against international terrorism to be identical. Israeli intelligence helps collect human intelligence about extremist organizations in the region. One of the radical groups Hizb ut-Tahrir, which seeks the annihilation of the Zionist state of Israel, threatens both Tel Aviv, as Jerusalem will never be the capital of Israel, and Baku. Hizb ut-Tahrir is suspected of having several hundred members in Azerbaijan, several members of it were arrested and prosecuted by Azerbaijani authorities.
In 2008, a plot was foiled to bomb the Israeli Embassy in Baku, which is located in a high-rise building along with the Thai and Japanese embassies. Two Hizbullah terrorists went on trial for the attempt in May 2009. Local police narrowly averted the potential disaster, which involved placing three or four car bombs around the high-rise complex to carry out the attack. groups planned the bombing in retaliation for the 2008 assassination in Damascus, Syria of Hizbullah's second in command, Imad Mughniyah, which the Lebanese group blamed on Israel. News reports suggested Iran was involved in the plan as well.
العلاقات التجارية
Economic cooperation between Israel and Azerbaijan has been growing significantly. As Azerbaijan deregulated its industries and liberalized economy in early 1990s, Israeli companies penetrated Azerbaijani markets.[] Many companies have invested in service industry. One example is Bezeq, a major telephone subsidiary. Through a trade contract bid in 1994, Bezeq bought a large share of the telephone operating system. Today it installs phone lines and operates regional services throughout much of the country. Another company, Bakcell, was started as a joint venture between Ministry of Communication of Azerbaijan and GTIB (Israel) in early 1994 as the first cellular telephone operator in the country. As well, dozens of Israeli companies are present in Azerbaijani energy sector. For instance, Modcon Systems Ltd., an Israel-based supplier of high technology to the oil and gas industries, opened its branch in Azerbaijan.[]
Between 2000 and 2005, Israel has risen from being Azerbaijan's tenth largest trading partner to its fifth. According to U.N. statistics, between 1997 and 2004, exports from Azerbaijan to Israel increased from barely over US$2 million to $323 million, fueled in recent years by the high price of oil. One-sixth of Israel's oil supply comes from Azerbaijan.
مشاهير اليهود الآذريين
- Yuli Gusman - مذيع وصحفي روسي
- Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov - orthpedician
- Telman Ismailov - مستثمر روسي
- Garry Kasparov - روسي، بطل العالم في الشطرنج
- Lev Landau - فيزيائي حاصل على جائزة نوبل
- Lev Nussimbaum - محرر
- Teimur Radjabov - بطل شطرنج
المصادر
- ^ News.Az interview with Norma Zager
- ^ Nichol, James P. (1995). Diplomacy in the Former Soviet Republics. Praeger/Greenwood. p. 150. ISBN .
- ^ Lenk, Arthur (2007-04-07). "15th Anniversary of Israel-Azebraijan Dipomatic Relations" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel. Retrieved 2008-03-21.
- ^ "Ilham Aliyev received the Executive Director of American Jewish Committee". President's office. 2010-07-04. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
- ^ Lerner, Gabriel (2008-01-11). "Azeri Jews: Centuries of coexistence in Azerbaijan". Jewish Journal.
- ^ CIA World Factbook 2007. Online Edition
- ^ Good Relations between Azerbaijan and Israel: A Model for Other Muslim States in Eurasia?
- ^ Jane's Defense Weekly, Oct. 16, 1996
- ^ http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1096354.html
- ^ Citizens of Turkey and Israel Unaffected by New Visa Issue Law. Vesti.az.تسعة November 2010.
- ^ Itar-TASS News Agency (Moscow), Oct. 22, 2001
- ^ Swietochowski, "Azerbaijan: The Hidden Faces of Islam," World Policy Journal, p. 75.
- ^ http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/131627
- ^ Rotella, Sebastian (2009-05-30). "Azerbaijan seen as new front in Mideast conflict". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Israel-Azerbaijan Telecommunications Forum
- ^ Israel and Azerbaijan's Furtive Embrace - Middle East Quarterly
- ^ Eshman, Rob (2007-02-23). "But what about Azerbaijan?". Jewish Journal.
وصلات خارجية
- الإعتراف الدولي بإسرائيل
- Qırmızı Qəsəbə
- اليهود في أذربيجان
- يهود آذريون
وصلات خارجية
- "The Azeri Exception," Jewish Ideas Daily, by Aryeh Tepper [1]
