تشانگ‌ژو
|
تشانگ‌ژو
常州市
Changzhou
| |
|---|---|
مدينة بمستوى محافظة | |
|
مسقط نطاق مدينة چانگ‌ژوفي جيانگ‌سو
| |
 تشانگ‌ژو | |
| الإحداثيات: | |
| البلد | الصين |
| المقاطعة | جيانگ‌سو |
| الأقسام | 5 districts, 1 city |
| الحكم | |
| • أمين الحزب | يان لي |
| • العمدة | Fei Gaoyun (费高云) |
| المساحة | |
| • مدينة بمستوى محافظة | 4٬384٫58 كم² (1٬692٫90 ميل²) |
| • الحضر | 1٬872٫1 كم² (722٫8 ميل²) |
| التعداد(2010 census) | |
| • مدينة بمستوى محافظة | 4٬592٬431 |
| • الكثافة | 1٬000/km2 (2٬700/sq mi) |
| • الحضر | 3٬290٬918 |
| • الكثافة الحضرية | 1٬800/km2 (4٬600/sq mi) |
| • العمرانية | Shanghai-Suzhou-Wuxi |
| منطقة التوقيت | China Standard (التوقيت العالمي المنسق+8) |
| Postal code | 213000, 213100 (Urban center) 213200, 213300 (Other areas) |
| مفتاح الهاتف | 0519 |
| GDP | 2010 |
| - Total | CNY 297.67 billion (USD 47.7711 billion) |
| - per capita | CNY 65000 (USD 10,431.12) |
| - Growth | ▲ 14.3% |
| License Plate Prefix | 苏D |
| Local dialect | Wu: Changzhou dialect |
| المسقط الإلكتروني | www.changzhou.gov.cn |
| تشانگ‌ژو | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Changzhou", as written in Chinese | |||||||||||||||||
| بالصينية | 常州 | ||||||||||||||||
| وو | Zaontsei Zy | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
چانگ‌ژو (بالصينية: 常州؛ بالإنگليزية: Changzhou) هي مدينة بمستوى محافظة في مقاطعة جيانگ‌سوفي جنوب الصين. وكانت تُعهد سابقاً بالأسماء: Yanling, Lanling, Jinling, and Wujin. Located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Changzhou borders the provincial عاصمة Nanjing to the west, Zhenjiang to the northwest, ووشي to the east, and the province of Zhejiang to the south. Changzhou is part of the highly developed Yangtze Delta region of China extending from Shanghai going northwest, which now has more than 36,000,000 inhabitants. Its total population was 4,592,431 inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 3,290,918 lived in the built-up area made up ofخمسة urban districts. The agglomeration is now part of نطقب:Clarify span built-up area which has now more than 36,000,000 inhabitants, only second in China after Pearl River built-up area.[]
التاريخ
"The Ruins of Yancheng" (淹城遺址), comprise the remains of a walled city located in the Wujin district of Changzhou that was founded over 3000 years ago at the beginning of the Western Zhou dynasty. The earliest record of a settlement on the site of modern Changzhou is as a commandery founded in 221 BC at the beginning of the Qin Dynasty. وفي فتروشغور العرش بين أسرتي سوي وتانگ، كانت مدينة Piling (毗陵) عاصمة Shen Faxing's short-lived مملكة ليانگ (AD 619 to 620). Changzhou got its present name meaning "ordinary prefecture" in 589. Following construction of the Grand Canal in 609, Changzhou became a canal port and transshipment point for locally-grown grain, and has maintained these roles ever since. The rural counties surrounding Changzhou are noted for the production of rice, fish, tea, silk, bamboo and fruit.
During the Taiping Rebellion of the 1850s, one of five palaces housing the leaders of the so-called "Kingdom of Celestial Peace" was constructed in Changzhou. Today the ruins of the "King's Palace" can be found near the People's No.1 Hospital.
In the 1920s, Changzhou started to attract cotton mills. The cotton industry got a boost in the late 1930s when businesses began relocating outside of Shanghai due to the Japanese occupation. Unlike many Chinese cities, Changzhou continued to prosper even during the upheavals of the Cultural Revolution of 1966–76. Today it is an important industrial center for textiles, food processing, engineering (diesel engines, generators, transformers and other machinery), and high technology.
المناخ
Changzhou has a wide range of temperature differences throughout the year.
| بيانات مناخ چانگ‌ژو(1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 7.1 (44.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
19.6 (67.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
28.3 (82.9) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.6 (88.9) |
27.1 (80.8) |
22.2 (72) |
16.0 (60.8) |
10.0 (50) |
20٫0 (68) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 0.0 (32) |
1.4 (34.5) |
5.2 (41.4) |
10.9 (51.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
25.0 (77) |
24.7 (76.5) |
20.1 (68.2) |
14.3 (57.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
12٫4 (54٫3) |
| هطول mm (inches) | 44.6 (1.756) |
53.7 (2.114) |
89.2 (3.512) |
81.2 (3.197) |
102.4 (4.031) |
189.3 (7.453) |
171.7 (6.76) |
116.1 (4.571) |
92.2 (3.63) |
68.7 (2.705) |
52.7 (2.075) |
29.6 (1.165) |
1٬091٫4 (42٫969) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.7 | 9.8 | 13.0 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 122٫8 |
| Source: | |||||||||||||
الادارة
The prefecture-level city of Changzhou administers seven county-level divisions, including five districts and one county-level city.
| الخريطة | القسم | Hanzi | Pinyin | التعداد (2010) | المساحة (كم²) | الكثافة |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| City Proper | ||||||
| Zhonglou District | 钟楼区 | Zhōnglóu Qū | 505,762 | 66.86 | 7,564 | |
| Tianning District | 天宁区 | Tiānníng Qū | 513,794 | 65.15 | 7,886 | |
| Suburban | ||||||
| Xinbei District | 新北区 | Xīnběi Qū | 596,807 | 425 | 1,404.25 | |
| Wujin District | 武进区 | Wǔjìn Qū | 1,569,034 | 1,278.22 | 1,259 | |
| Jintan District | 金坛区 | Jīntán Qū | 551,991 | 976.26 | 565 | |
| Satellite cities (County-level cities) | ||||||
| Liyang | 溧阳市 | Lìyáng Shì | 749,522 | 1,536.24 | 488 | |
| Total | 4,592,431 | 4,384.58 | 1,047 | |||
- Dissolved district: Qishuyan District
الاقتصاد
Changzhou's traditional role has been that of a commercial center and in particular a distribution center for agricultural produce, which was shipped by canal to the north and later, to Shanghai. The city began to develop a cotton textile industry in the 1920s, and cotton mills were established in the late 1930s, when Japanese attacks drove many Chinese businesses to invest outside Shanghai.
The city has remained a textile center and the most important location في مقاطعة جيانگ‌سوfor weaving[]. It also has large food-processing plants as well as flour-milling, rice-polishing, and oil-pressing industries. After 1949 it also developed as a centre of the engineering industry. Qishuyan, someعشرة kiloمترs (33,000 قدم) southeast of Changzhou, has one of the largest locomotive and rolling stock plants in China. Other engineering works in Changzhou produce diesel engines, generators, transformers along with agricultural and textile machinery. At the time of the Great Leap Forward in 1958 a steel plant was also built to provide raw material for heavy industry.
Since 1908, Changzhou has been linked by rail with Shanghai and Nanjing (see below for transportation).
Up until now, Changzhou has remained one of the most developed cities في جيانگ‌سو، ranked third after Suzhou and Wuxi. The city's 2009 GDP per capita of ¥70,103 in 2009, less than that of Suzhou and Wuxi but more than the capital city Nanjing, ranked the city third في جيانگ‌سو.
Changzhou is also one of the top business cities in China. According to Forbes ranking, Changzhou was the 9th best business city in mainland China in 2008.
الثقافة والفولكلور
السياحة
انظر أيضاً
- List of twin towns and sister cities in China
الهامش
- ^ "Changzhou ( Jiangsu ) City Information" (in Chinese). Changzhou Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2010-03-01. Retrieved 2010-06-30.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-jiangsu-admin.php
- ^ Weather China
وصلات خارجية
- Government website of Changzhou (صينية)
- Changzhou city guide with open directory (Jiangsu.NET)
- The history and culture of Changzhou city (Mildchina.com)
- Café Zeeland - The first European style café of Changzhou (صينية)
