حصار القدس (637)
| Siege of Jerusalem (637) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| جزء من the Muslim conquest of Syria and the Byzantine-Arab Wars | |||||||||
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The Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, is one of the most sacred site for Muslims. | |||||||||
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| الخصوم | |||||||||
| Rashidun Caliphate | Byzantine Empire | ||||||||
| القادة والزعماء | |||||||||
|
Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Khalid ibn al-Walid Yazid ibn Abu Sufyan Amr ibn al-A'as Sharjeel ibn Hassana |
Patriarch Sophronius | ||||||||
| القوات | |||||||||
| ~20,000 | Unknown | ||||||||
حصار القدس (637) كان جزءا من الصراع العسكري الذي سقط في العام 637 بين الإمبراطورية البيزنطية وجيشالخلافاء الراشدين. وبدأ جيش الراشدين، تحت قيادة أبوعبيدة الجراح ، بحصارالقدس في تشرين الثاني 636.
الحصار
الإستسلام
Present day building of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, where Sophronius invited caliph Umar to offer Salah.
النتائج
Dome of the Rock was constructed by Ummayad Caliph Abd al-Malik.
الهوامش
a: The Muslims are said to have lost 4,000 men in the Battle of Yarmouk fought just two months before the siege.
b: Muslim historians differ in the year of the siege; while Tabari says it was 636, Al Buladhuri placed its date of surrender in 638. A.I. Akram believed 636–637 to be the most likely date.
المصادر
- ^ Akram (2004), p.431.
- [1]
Sources
- Akram, Agha Ibrahim (2004), The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed – His Life and Campaigns, Oxford University Press: Pakistan, ISBN 0195977149
- Al-Waqidi, Futuh al-Sham (Conquest of Syria).
- Benvenisti, Meron (1998). City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem Publisher, University of California Press, ISBN 0520207688.
- Edward Gibbon (1862), The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Volume 6. J.D. Morris Publishers.
- Gil, Moshe (February 1997). A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521599849.
- Greatrex, Lieu, Samuel N. C. (2002). The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II). Routledge publishers. ISBN 0-415-003423.
- Haldon, John (1990). Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 052131917X.
- Hoppe, Leslie J. (2000). The Holy City: Jerusalem in the Theology of the Old Testament. Michael Glazier Books. ISBN 0814650813.
- Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani, al-Fath al-Qussi fi-l-Fath al-Qudsi.
- Lewis, Bernard (2002, sixth edition) The Arabs in History Oxford University Press, ISBN 0192803107.
- Nicolle, David (1994), Yarmuk 636 A.D.: The Muslim Conquest of Syria.Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1855324148
- Runciman, Steven (1987, second edition), A History of the Crusades: The First Crusade. Penguin Books: London, ISBN 9780521347709
