حصار قادس
حصار قادس Siege of Cádiz حصار اسباني كبير لقاعدة قادش البحرية. من قبل جيش الفرنسية في الفترة ما بينخمسة فبراير 1810 إلى 24 أغسطس 1812 خلال حرب شبه الجزيرة الأيبيرية. وبعد احتلال مدريد في 23 مارس 1808، أصبح قادس مقر للسلطة الاسبانية.
1811 - حرب شبه الجزيرة الأيبيرية: قوة فرنسية بقيادة المارشال ڤيكتور يتم دحرها أثناء محاولتها منع جيش إنگليزي-إسپاني-پرتغالي من حمل حصار كاديز في معركة بارّوسا.
During the siege, which lasted two and a half years, the Cortes Generales government in Cadiz (the Cádiz Cortes) drew up a new constitution to reduce the strength of the monarchy (a constitution eventually revoked by Fernando VII).
In October 1810, a mixed Anglo-Spanish relief force embarked on a disastrous landing at Fuengirola. A second relief attempt was made at Tarifa in 1811. However, despite defeating a detached French force of 15,000–20,000 under Marshal Victor at the Battle of Barrosa, the siege was not lifted.
In 1812, the Battle of Salamanca eventually forced the French troops to retreat from Andalusia, for fear of being cut off by the allied armies. Defeat at Cádiz contributed decisively to the liberation of Spain from French occupation, due to the survival of the Spanish government and the use of Cádiz as a jump off point for the Allied forces.
مقدمة للمعركة
حصار قادس
في الأدب
هوامش
- ^ Rasor p. 148.
- ^ Payne p. 432.
- ^ Clodfelter p. 174.
- ^ Napier p. 100.
- ^ Southey p. 68.
- ^ Noble p. 30.
- ^ Napoleonic Guide retrieved July 21, 2007.
المصادر
Printed Sources:
- Burke, Edmund The Annual Register, 1825
- Clay, Henry Papers of Henry Clay: Presidential Candidate, 1821–1824, published 1963 ISBN 978-0-8131-0053-1
- Clodfelter, Michael Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1500–2000, 2002 ISBN 978-0-7864-1204-4
- Fremont-Barnes, Gregory The Napoleonic Wars: The Peninsular War 1807–1814, 2002 ISBN 978-1-84176-370-5
- Napier, William Francis P. History of the war in the Peninsula, and in the south of France from 1807 to 1814, 1840
- Noble, John Andalucía, 2007 ISBN 978-1-74059-973-3
- Payne, Stanley G. A History of Spain and Portugal: Eighteenth Century to Franco. Volume 2. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press 1973.
- Rasor, Eugene L. British Naval History to 1815: A Guide to the Literature, 2004 ISBN 978-0-313-30547-4
- Russell, William The History of Modern Europe, 1837
- Southey, Robert History of the Peninsular War, 1837
Websites:
- Napoleonic Guide retrieved July 21, 2007
- , London Ancestor, retrieved July 21, 2007
- , The Siege of Cadiz Reenact (1810–2010).
