كلبيات

Canids; Temporal range: 39.75–0 م.س. PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Eocene - Recent
	Coyote (Canis latrans)
التصنيف الفهمي
مملكة:	الحيوان
Phylum:	حبليات
Class:	ثدييات
Order:	آكلات اللحوم
Suborder:	Caniformia
Family:	Canidae; G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Genera and species
	See text

الكلبيات فصيلة من الحيوانات الثديية تضم عدد من الأنواع مثل :

الكلاب
الثعالب
الذئاب
بنات آوى
القيوط

الخصائص

حيوانات إصبعية تعيش في مختلف البيئات وتتفاوت أطوالها من 24 سم إلى مترين وقد تصل كتلتها إلى 80 كجم وتتمتع بسيقان طويلة نسبيا وأجسام مرنة تساعدها على مطاردة الفريسة إضافة لزمعات في أرجلها الأمامية وتتميز عن الزباديات بمخالب غير قابلة للإنكماش كما أنها تمتلك عظمة القضيب التي تساعدها على التسافد وتولد صغارها عمياء ولا تبصر إلا بعد أسابيع من الولادة.

الفصائل والتصنيفات

ثعلب رمادي

Coyote

كلب صيد أفريقي

ثعلب أحمر

Dhole

Golden Jackal

Bat-eared Fox

ثعلب رمادي

Maned Wolf

Short-eared Dog

Pampas Fox

Arctic Fox

Raccoon Dog

عائلة الكلبيات

Subfamily: Caninae

True dogs - Tribe Canini
- Genus Canis
  - Side-striped Jackal, Canis adustus
  - Golden Jackal, Canis aureus
  - Coyote, Canis latrans (also called Prairie Wolf)
  - Gray Wolf, Canis lupus (2.723 Ma to present)
    - Red Wolf, Canis lupus rufus (3 Ma to present) (sometimes considered a separate species)
    - Domestic Dog, Canis lupus familiaris
    - Dingo, most often classified as Canis lupus dingo
    - New Guinea Singing Dog, Canis lupus hallstromi
    - Eastern Wolf, Canis (lupus) lycaon (sometimes considered a separate species)
    - Indian Wolf, Canis indica (sometimes considered a separate species)
    - Himalayan Wolf, Canis himalayensis (sometimes considered a separate species)
    - many other proposed subspecies
  - Black-backed Jackal, Canis mesomelas
  - Ethiopian Wolf, Canis simensis (also called Abyssinian Wolf, Simien Fox and Simien Jackal)
- Genus Cynotherium †
  - Sardinian Dhole, Cynotherium sardous †
- Genus Cuon
  - Dhole, Cuon alpinus or Canis alpinus (also called Asian Wild Dog)
- Genus Lycaon
  - African Wild Dog, Lycaon pictus (also called African Hunting Dog)
- Genus Indocyon†
  - Indian Mute Dog, Indocyon caribensis † (also called Caribbean Dog)
- Genus Cubacyon
  - Cuban Dhole, Cubacyon transversidens †
- Genus Atelocynus
  - Short-eared Dog, Atelocynus microtis
- Genus Cerdocyon
  - Crab-eating Fox, Cerdocyon thous
- Genus Dasycyon † ?
  - Hagenbeck Wolf, Dasycyon hagenbecki † ?
- Genus Dusicyon †
  - Falkland Island Fox, Dusicyon australis †
- Genus Pseudalopex
  - Culpeo, Pseudalopex culpaeus
  - Darwin's Fox, Pseudalopex fulvipes
  - Argentine Grey Fox, Pseudalopex griseus
  - Pampas Fox, Pseudalopex gymnocercus
  - Sechura Fox, Pseudalopex sechurae
  - Hoary Fox, Pseudalopex vetulus
- Genus Chrysocyon
  - Maned Wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus
- Genus Speothos
  - Bush Dog, Speothos venaticus
  - unnamed bush dog species, Speothos pacivorus †

True foxes - Tribe Vulpini
- Genus Vulpes
  - Arctic Fox, Vulpes lagopus
  - Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes (1 Ma to present)
  - Swift Fox, Vulpes velox
  - Kit Fox, Vulpes macrotis
  - Corsac Fox, Vulpes corsac
  - Cape Fox, Vulpes chama
  - Pale Fox, Vulpes pallida
  - Bengal Fox, Vulpes bengalensis
  - Tibetan Sand Fox, Vulpes ferrilata
  - Blanford's Fox, Vulpes cana
  - Rüppell's Fox, Vulpes rueppelli
  - Fennec Fox, Vulpes zerda
- Genus Urocyon (2 Ma to present)
  - Gray Fox, U. cinereoargenteus
  - Island Fox, U. littoralis
  - Cozumel Fox, U. sp.

Basal Caninae
- Genus Otocyon (probably a vulpine close to Urocyon)
  - Bat-eared Fox, Otocyon megalotis
- Genus Nyctereutes
  - Raccoon Dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides

Fossil Canidae

Prehistoric Caninae

Canini
- Genus Canis
  - Dire Wolf, Canis dirus (1 Ma †)
  - Canis arnensis (3.4 Ma, †)
  - Canis (Eucyon) cipio (8.2 Ma †, probably first species of Canis genus)
  - Canis etruscus (3.4 Ma †)
  - Canis mosbachensis (0.787 Ma †)
  - Canis lepophagus (4-5 Ma †)
  - Canis donnezani (4.0-3.1 Ma †, probably ancestor of wolves)
  - Canis edwardii (1.8 Ma †, first species of wolf in North America)
  - Canis gezi †
  - Canis nehringi †
  - Canis ameghinoi †
  - Canis michauxi †
  - Canis adoxus †
  - Canis cautleyi †
  - Canis armbrusteri (0.8 Ma †)
- Genus Theriodictis (1.8 Ma †)
  - Theriodictis platensis (1.8 Ma †)
  - Theriodictis tarijensis (1.8 Ma †)
  - Theriodictis (Canis) proplatensis (2.1 Ma † )
- Genus Protocyon †
  - Protocyon orcesi †
  - Protocyon scagliarum †
  - Protocyon troglodytes †
- Genus Dusicyon †
  - Dusicyon avus †
- Genus Cerdocyon
  - Cerdocyon avius †
  - Cerdocyon ensenadensis †
- Genus Speothos
  - Speothos pacivorus †
- Genus Nurocyon
  - Nurocyon chonokhariensis †
- Genus Xenocyon
  - Xenocyon falconeri (2.6 Ma †)
  - Xenocyon lycaonoides

Vulpini
- Genus Vulpes (7 Ma to present)
  - Vulpes alopecoides (2.6 Ma †)
  - Vulpes cf. alopecoides (2.6 Ma †)
  - Vulpes cf. vulpes (0.1275 Ma †)
  - Vulpes galaticus (4.2 Ma †)
  - Vulpes riffautae (7 Ma †)
Basal Canids
- Genus Nyctereutes (7.1 Ma to present)
  - Nyctereutes cf. donnezani (7.1 Ma †)
  - Nyctereutes cf. megamastoides (3.158 Ma †)
  - Nyctereutes donnezani (3.4 Ma †)
  - Nyctereutes megamostoides (2.6 Ma †)
  - Nyctereutes sinensis (3.4 Ma †)

First Caninae
- Genus Eucyon (8 Ma †)
  - Eucyon davisi (8.3 Ma †, probably ancestor of Canis)
  - Eucyon minor (8 Ma †)
  - Eucyon zhoui (8 Ma †)
  - Eucyon monticinensis(8 Ma †)
  - Eucyon odessanus †
- Genus Leptocyon (24-16 Ma †)
  - Leptocyon vafer (16 Ma)
  - Leptocyon vulpinus (24 Ma)

Borophaginae : † (Ma = million years ago)

- Genus Aelurodon (16-12 Ma)
  - Aelurodon asthenostylus (16 Ma)
  - Aelurodon ferox (15 Ma)
  - Aelurodon mcgrewi (15 Ma)
  - Aelurodon montanensis (15 Ma)
  - Aelurodon stirtoni (13 Ma)
  - Aelurodon taxoides (12 Ma)
- Genus Archaeocyon (32-24 Ma)
  - Archaeocyon falkenbachi (25-24 Ma)
  - Archaeocyon leptodus (32-24 Ma)
  - Archaeocyon pavidus (32-28 Ma)
- Genus Borophagus (12-5 Ma)
  - Borophagus dividersidens (5 Ma)
  - Borophagus dudleyi
  - Borophagus hilli (6 Ma)
  - Borophagus littoralis (12 Ma)
  - Borophagus orc (9 Ma)
  - Borophagus parvus (7 Ma)
  - Borophagus pugnator (9 Ma)
  - Borophagus secundus (9 Ma)
- Genus Carpocyon
  - Carpocyon compressus
  - Carpocyon limosus
  - Carpocyon robustus
  - Carpocyon webbi
- Genus Cormocyon
  - Cormocyon copei
  - Cormocyon haydeni
- Genus Cynarctoides (30-18 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides acridens (24 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides emryi (21 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides gawnae (18 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides harlowi (21 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides lemur (30 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides luskensis (21 Ma)
  - Cynarctoides roii (30 Ma)
- Genus Cynarctus (16-12 Ma)
  - Cynarctus crucidens (12 Ma)
  - Cynarctus galushai (16 Ma)
  - ?Cynarctus marylandica
  - Cynarctus saxatilis (15 Ma)
  - Cynarctus voorhiesi (13 Ma)
- Genus Desmocyon (24-19 Ma)
  - Desmocyon matthewi (19 Ma)
  - Desmocyon thompsoni (24 Ma)
- Genus Epicyon (12-10 Ma)
  - Epicyon aelurodontoides (10.3-4.9 Ma)
  - Epicyon haydeni (10 Ma)
  - Epicyon saevus (12 Ma)
- Genus Eulopocyon (18-16 Ma)
  - Eulopocyon brachygnathus (16 Ma)
  - Eulopocyon spissidens (18 Ma)
- Genus Metatomarctus (19-16 Ma)
  - Metatomarctus canavus (19 Ma)
  - Metatomarctus sp. A (16 Ma)
  - Metatomarctus sp. B (16 Ma)
- Genus Microtomarctus (18 Ma)
  - Microtomarctus conferta (18 Ma)
- Genus Otarocyon (34-30 Ma)
  - Otarocyon cooki (30 Ma)
  - Otarocyon macdonaldi (34 Ma)
- Genus Oxetocyon (32 Ma)
  - Oxetocyon cuspidatus (32 Ma)
- Genus Paracynarctus (19-16 Ma)
  - Paracynarctus kelloggi (19 Ma)
  - Paracynarctus sinclairi (16 Ma)
- Genus Paratomarctus (16-13 Ma)
  - Paratomarctus euthos (13 Ma)
  - Paratomarctus temerarius (16 Ma)
- Genus Phlaocyon (30-19 Ma)
  - Phlaocyon achoros
  - Phlaocyon annectens (22 Ma)
  - Phlaocyon latidens (30 Ma)
  - Phlaocyon leucosteus (22 Ma)
  - Phlaocyon mariae
  - Phlaocyon marslandensis (19 Ma)
  - Phlaocyon minor (30 Ma)
  - Phlaocyon multicuspus
  - Phlaocyon taylori
  - Phlaocyon yakolai (19 Ma)
- Genus Protepicyon (16 Ma)
  - Protepicyon raki (16 Ma)
- Genus Protomarctus (18 Ma)
  - Protomarctus optatus (18 Ma)
- Genus Psalidocyon (16 Ma)
  - Psalidocyon marianae (16 Ma)
- Genus Rhizocyon (30 Ma)
  - Rhizocyon oregonensis (30 Ma)
- Genus Tephrocyon (16 Ma)
  - Tephrocyon rurestris (16 Ma)
- Genus Tomarctus (16 Ma)
  - Tomarctus brevirostris (16 Ma)
  - Tomarctus hippophaga (16 Ma)

Hesperocyoninae : † (Ma = million years ago)

- Genus Cynodesmus (32-29 Ma)
  - Cynodesmus martini (29 Ma)
  - Cynodesmus thooides (32 Ma)
- ?Genus Caedocyon
  - Caedocyon tedfordi
- Genus Ectopocynus (32-19 Ma)
  - Ectopocynus antiquus (32 Ma)
  - Ectopocynus intermedius (29 Ma)
  - Ectopocynus siplicidens (19 Ma)
- Genus Enhydrocyon (29-25 Ma)
  - Enhydrocyon basilatus (25 Ma)
  - Enhydrocyon crassidens (25 Ma)
  - Enhydrocyon pahinsintewkpa (29 Ma)
  - Enhydrocyon stenocephalus (29 Ma)
- Genus Hesperocyon (39.74-34 Ma)
  - Hesperocyon coloradensis
  - Hesperocyon gregarius (37 Ma)
- Genus Mesocyon (34-29 Ma)
  - Mesocyon brachyops (29 Ma)
  - Mesocyon coryphaeus (29 Ma)
  - Mesocyn temnodon
- Genus Osbornodon (32-18 Ma)
  - Osbornodon brachypus
  - Osbornodon fricki (18 Ma)
  - Osbornodon iamonensis (21 Ma)
  - Osbornodon renjiei (33 Ma)
  - Osbornodon scitulus
  - Osbornodon sesnoni (32 Ma)
  - Osbornodon wangi
- Genus Paraenhydrocyon (30-25 Ma)
  - Paraenhydrocyon josephi (30 Ma)
  - Paraenhydrocyon robustus (25 Ma)
  - Paraenhydrocyon wallovianus (26 Ma)
- Genus Philotrox (29 Ma)
  - Philotrox condoni (29 Ma)
- Genus Prohesperocyon (36 Ma)
  - Prohesperocyon wilsoni (36 Ma)
- Genus Sunkahetanka (29 Ma)
  - Sunkahetanka geringensis (29 Ma)

مراجع

^ Wozencraft, W. C. (16 November 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds) (ed.). (3rd edition ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text (link)
^ Wang, Xiaoming (2004). (Carnivora, Canidae) from the Barstovian of Montana" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (2): 445–452. doi:10.1671/2493. Retrieved 2007-07-08. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
^ Hayes, F.G. (2000). "The Brooksville 2 local fauna (Arikareean, latest Oligocene) Hernando County, Florida". Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History. 43 (1): 1–47.
^ Wang, Xiaoming (2003). from the Early Hemingfordian of Nebraska and Florida" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 279: 163–176.

مراجع عامة

Xiaoming Wang, Richard H. Tedford, Mauricio Antón, Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History, New York : Columbia University Press, 2008; ISBN 978-0-231-13528-3

وصلات خارجية

African Wild Dog Conservancy

#invoke:navbox نطقب:Canidae nav

[msw3-1] Wozencraft, W. C. (16 November 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds) (ed.). (3rd edition ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text (link)

[Aelurodon-2] Wang, Xiaoming (2004). (Carnivora, Canidae) from the Barstovian of Montana" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (2): 445–452. doi:10.1671/2493. Retrieved 2007-07-08. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

[Hayes-3] Hayes, F.G. (2000). "The Brooksville 2 local fauna (Arikareean, latest Oligocene) Hernando County, Florida". Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History. 43 (1): 1–47.

[Osbornodon-4] Wang, Xiaoming (2003). from the Early Hemingfordian of Nebraska and Florida" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 279: 163–176.

Canids Temporal range: 39.75–0 م.س. PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Eocene - Recent

Coyote (Canis latrans)
التصنيف الفهمي
مملكة:	الحيوان
Phylum:	حبليات
Class:	ثدييات
Order:	آكلات اللحوم
Suborder:	Caniformia
Family:	Canidae G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Genera and species
See text

كلبيات

كلبيات

الخصائص

الفصائل والتصنيفات

Fossil Canidae

مراجع

مراجع عامة

وصلات خارجية

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