قائمة فهماء الأحياء

هذه هي قائمة فهماء الأحياء المشهورين. وتضم فهماء الحيوان والنبات والحشرات وmalacologists, الطبيعة وباقي المجالات الفرعية.

انظر أيضاً:

قائمة فهماء النبات حسب اختصار المؤلف
قائمة فهماء الحيوان حسب اختصار المؤلف.
قائمة الحائزين على جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب

A

همايون عبد العلي (1914–2001), Indian ornithologist
عزيز أبوصابر (1924-), Brazilian geographer, geologist and ecologist
Erik Acharius (1757–1819), Swedish botanist
Johann Friedrich Adam (18th cent - 1806), Russian botanist
Arthur Adams (1820-1878), an English physician and naturalist
Michel Adanson (1727–1806), French naturalist (abbr. in botany : Adans.)
إدگار دوگلاس أدريان (1889–1977), British electrophysiologist, winner of the 1932 جائزة نوبل في الفسيولوجيا أوالطب for his research on neurons
Adam Afzelius (1750–1837), Swedish botanist
Carl Adolph Agardh (1785–1859), Swedish botanist
Jacob Georg Agardh (1813–1901), Swedish botanist
لويس أگاسيز (1807–1873), Swiss zoologist
ألكسندر أگاسيز (1835–1910)، عالم حيوان أمريكي، ابن لويس أگاسيز
Nikolaus Ager (1568–1634), French botanist
William Aiton (1731–1793), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Aiton)
Pedro Alberch i Vié (1954–1998), Spanish naturalist
Bruce Alberts (born 1938), American biochemist, former President of the National Academy of Sciences
Boyd Alexander (1873–1910), English ornithologist
Horace Alexander (1889–1989), English ornithologist
Richard D. Alexander (born 1930) American evolutionary biologist
Wilfred Backhouse Alexander (1885–1965), English ornithologist
Alfred William Alcock (1859–1933), British naturalist
سليم علي (1896–1987), Indian ornithologist
Frédéric-Louis Allamand (1736 – after 1803), Swiss botanist (abbr. in botany : F.Allam.)
Warder Clyde Allee (1885–1955), American zoologist and ecologist, identified the Allee effect
Joel Asaph Allen (1838–1921), birds, mammals
George James Allman (1812–1898), British naturalist
Prospero Alpini (1553–1617), Italian botanist
Sidney Altman (born 1939), Canadian-born molecular biologist, winner of the 1989 جائزة نوبل في الكيمياء for his work on RNA
بروس إيمز (born 1928), American biochemist, inventor of the Ames test
José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (1832–1897), Portuguese naturalist
جورج فرنش أنگس (25 April 1822 Newcastle-on-Tyne -ثمانية October 1886 London), was an English explorer, naturalist and painter.
George French Angas (1822-1886), an English explorer, naturalist, conchologist and painter
Jakob Johan Adolf Appellöf (1857–1921), Swedish marine zoologist
Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), Greek philosopher
Peter Artedi (1705–1735), Swedish naturalist
Jean Baptiste Audebert (1759–1800), French naturalist
Jean Victoire Audouin (1797–1841), French zoologist
John James Audubon (1786–1851), American ornithologist
شارلوت أورباخ (1899–1994), German geneticist, founded the discipline of mutagenesis
Gilbert Ashwell (born 1916), American biochemist, pioneer in the study of cell receptor
Richard Axel (born 1946), Nobel prize winning physiologist
جوليوس أكسلرود (1912–2004), American biochemist, winner of the 1970 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his research on catecholamine neurotransmitters
Félix de Azara (1746–1811), Spanish naturalist

B

Ba-Bi

Churchill Babington (1831–1881), British archaeologist and conchologist
John Bachman (1790–1874), American naturalist
Curt Backeberg (1894–1966), عالم نبات ألماني (abbr. in botany: Backeb.)
Karl Ernst von Baer (1792–1876), embryology
Liberty Hyde Bailey (1858–1954), عالم نبات أمريكي (abbr. in botany : L.H.Bailey)
Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823–1887), birds and mammals
John Hutton Balfour (1808–1884), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Balf.)
David Baltimore (born 1938), Nobel prize
Joseph Banks (1743–1820), biologist, botanist (abbr. in botany : Banks)
Robert Bárány (1876–1936), Austrian physician, received the 1914 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his research on the vestibular system
Benjamin Smith Barton (1766–1815), عالم نبات أمريكي (abbr. in botany : Barton)
جون برترام (1699–1777), عالم نبات أمريكي (abbr. in botany : Bartram)
William Bartram (1739–1823), American naturalist (abbr. in botany : W.Bartram)
Anton de Bary (1831–1888), surgeon, botanist, microbiologist
Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), English naturalist
Patrick Bateson (born 1938), English biologist and science writer, President of the Zoological Society of London
August Johann Georg Karl Batsch (1762–1802), عالم نبات ألماني, mycologist
Nicolas Baudin (1754–1803), French botanist
Gaspard Bauhin (1560–1624), Swiss botanist, introduced binomial nomenclature into taxonomy, which was used by Linnaeus(abbr. in botany : C.Bauhin)
Johann Matthäus Bechstein (1757–1822), German naturalist (abbr. in botany : Bechst.)
Rollo Beck (1870–1950), US ornithologist
Charles Emerson Beecher (1856–1904), US invertebrate paleontologist
Charles William Beebe (1877–1962), biologist
Martinus Beijerinck (1851–1931), Dutch microbiologist and botanist, discovered viruses
Thomas Bell (1792–1880) English naturalist
David Bellamy (born 1933), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Edward Turner Bennett (1797–1836), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
George Bentham (1800–1884), عالم نبات إنجليزي (abbr; in botany : Benth.)
Robert Bentley (1821–1893), عالم نبات إنجليزي (abbr. in botany : Bentley)
Wilson Teixeira Beraldo (1917–1998), Brazilian physician and physiologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin
Hans Berger (1873–1941), German neuroscientist, one of the founders of electroencephalography
Rudolph Bergh (1824-1909), a Danish physician and zoologist
Claude Bernard (1813–1878), French physiologist and father of the concept of homeostasis
Samuel Stillman Berry (1887–1984), U.S. marine zoologist
Thomas Bewick (1753–1828), English ornithologist
Colin Bibby (1948–2004), English ornithologist
Gabriel Bibron (1806–1848), French zoologist
Johannes Abraham Bierens de Haan (1883–1953), Dutch biologist and ethologist
Biswamoy Biswas (1923–1994), Indian ornithologist

Bl-Bu

Liz Blackburn (born 1948), Australian/US researcher in the field of telomeres and the 'telomerase' enzyme.
John Blackwall (1790–1881), British entomologist
Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850), French zoologist
Albert Francis Blakeslee (1874–1954), عالم نبات أمريكي, best known for research on Jimsonweed and the sexuality of fungi
Thomas Blakiston (1832–1891), English naturalist
William Thomas Blanford (1832–1905), English naturalist
Pieter Bleeker (1819–1878), Dutch ichthyologist
Günter Blobel (born 1936), German Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered that newly synthesized proteins contain "address tags" which direct them to the proper location within the cell.
Steven Block (born 1952), American biophysicist who measured the mechanical properties of single bio-molecules
Carl Ludwig Blume (1789–1862), German-Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : Blume)
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840), German physiologist and anthropologist
Edward Blyth (1810–1873), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
Pieter Boddaert (1730–1795 or 1796), naturalist
Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1803–1857), French naturalist
James Bond (1900–1989), American ornithologist
Franco Andrea Bonelli (1784–1830), Italian ornithologist
August Gustav Heinrich von Bongard (1786–1839), عالم نبات ألماني
Charles Bonnet (1720–1793), Swiss naturalist
Aimé Bonpland (1773–1858), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Bonpl.)
Jules Bordet (1870–1961), Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, winner of the 1919 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his discovery of the complement system in the immune system
Antonina Georgievna Borissova (1903–1970), Russian botanist
Norman Borlaug (born 1914) is an American agricultural scientist, humanitarian, Nobel laureate, and the father of the Green Revolution.
Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc (1759–1828), French zoologist
George Albert Boulenger (1858–1937), Belgian zoologist
Jules Bourcier (1797–1873), French naturalist
Johann Friedrich von Brandt (1802–1879), German naturalist (abbr. in botany : Brandt)
Christian Ludwig Brehm (1787–1864), German ornithologist
Alfred Brehm (1829–1884), عالم حيوان ألماني
Sydney Brenner (born 1927), British molecular biologist, winner of the 2002 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب
Thomas Mayo Brewer (1814–1880), American naturalist
William Brewster (1851–1919), American ornithologist
Mathurin Jacques Brisson (1723–1806), French zoologist.
Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859–1934), عالم نبات أمريكي (abbr. in botany : Britton)
Thomas D. Brock (born 1926), عالم أحياء أمريكي, discoverer of hyperthermophiles
Adolphe Theodore Brongniart (1801–1876), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Brongn.)
Robert Broom (1866–1951), South African paleontologist
James H. Brown American ecologist.
Robert Brown (1773–1858), botanist (abbr. in botany : R.Br.)
David Bruce (1855-1931), Scottish pathologist and microbiologist
Jean Guillaume Bruguière (1750–1798), French naturalist
Morten Thrane Brünnich (1737–1827), Danish zoologist
Francis Buchanan-Hamilton (1762–1829), Scottish zoologist and botanist
Stephen L. Buchmann co-author of The Forgotten Pollinators
Linda B. Buck (born 1947), American physiologist, Nobel prize winner
Samuel Botsford Buckley (1809–1884), American naturalist (abbr. in botany : Buckley)
Buffon (1707–1788) French naturalist (abbr. in botany : Buffon)
William Bullock (1773–1849), English naturalist
Walter Buller (1838–1906), New Zealand naturalist
James Bulwer (1794–1879), English naturalist and conchologist
Alexander G. von Bunge (1803–1890), German-Russian zoologist
Luther Burbank (1849–1926), American horticulturalist
Hermann Burmeister (1807–1892), عالم حيوان ألماني
Carlos Bustamante (born 1951), American biophysicist, discovered "molecular tweezers" to manipulate DNA
Ernesto Bustamante (born 1950), Peruvian biochemist, specialist in mitochondria. Currently works on DNA paternity testing

C

Jean Cabanis (1816–1906), German ornithologist
George Caley (1770–1829), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Rudolf Jakob Camerarius (1665–1721), عالم نبات ألماني
Frederick Campion Steward (1904–1993), عالم نبات بريطاني
A. P. de Candolle (1778–1841), Swiss botanist
Phillip Pearsall Carpenter (1819-1877), a conchologist
Alexis Carrel (1873–1944), French biologist and surgeon, winner of the 1912 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on sutures and organ transplants, advocate of eugenics
Elie-Abel Carrière (1818–1896), French botanist
Clodoveo Carrión Mora (1883–1957), Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist
Sean B. Carroll, American evolutionary development biologist
Rachel Carson (1907–1964), biologist, author of Silent Spring
George Washington Carver (1860–1943), عالم نبات أمريكي
John Cassin (1813–1869), American ornithologist
Alexandre de Cassini (1781–1832), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Cass.)
William E. Castle (1867–1962), American geneticist
Mark Catesby (1683–1749), English naturalist
Andrea Cesalpino (1519–1603), Italian botanist
Francesco Cetti (1726–1778), Italian zoologist
Carlos Chagas (1879–1934), Brazilian physician
Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), عالم نبات ألماني
Min Chueh Chang (1908–1991), biologist
Frank Michler Chapman (1864–1945), ornithologist
Martha Chase (1927–2003), عالم أحياء أمريكي, conducted the Hershey-Chase experiment which linked DNA to heredity
Sergei Chetverikov (1880–1959), Russian population geneticist
Charles Chilton (1860–1929), New Zealand zoologist
Carl Chun (1852–1914), German marine biologist
Nathan Cobb (1859–1932), عالم أحياء أمريكي, considered the founder of the discipline of nematology
Alfred Cogniaux (1841–1916), Belgian botanist (abbr. in bot. : Cogn.)
Stanley Cohen (born 1922), عالم أحياء أمريكي who won the Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986) for his discovery of growth factors.
James J. Collins, عالم أحياء أمريكي, synthetic biology and systems biology pioneer
Henry Boardman Conover (1892–1950), American ornithologist
Timothy Abbott Conrad (1803–1877), American malacologist
James Graham Cooper (1830–1902), American naturalist
William Cooper (1798–1864), American conchologist
Edward Drinker Cope (1840–1897), fish, reptiles, paleontology
Charles Coquerel (1822–1867), French navy surgeon and entomologist
Carl Ferdinand Cori (1896–1984), American biochemist, winner of the 1947 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on the Cori cycle
Gerty Cori (1986–1957), American biochemist, first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in science, the prize was awarded to her and her husband Carl for their work on the Cori cycle
Charles B. Cory (1857–1921), American ornithologist
Emanuel Mendez da Costa (1717–1791), an عالم نبات إنجليزي, naturalist, philosopher
Elliott Coues (1842–1899), American ornithologist
Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer (1907–2004), South African zoologist
Jacques Cousteau (1910–1997), French marine biologist and explorer
Miguel Rolando Covian (1913–1992), Argentine-Brazilian neurophysiologist, father of Brazilian neurophysiology
Frederick Vernon Coville (1867-1937), عالم نبات أمريكي
Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar (1786–1845), عالم حيوان ألماني
Francis Crick (1916–2004), one of the discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule and a neurobiologist
Joseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse (1826-1898), a French conchologist
Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Allan Cunningham (1791–1839), عالم نبات إنجليزي
William Curtis (1746–1799), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Georges Cuvier (1769–1832), French naturalist.

D

Anders Dahl (1751–1789), (namesake of the Dahlia)
W.H. Dall (1845–1927), American naturalist and malacologist.
Charles Darwin (1809–1882), British naturalist
Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), doctor, naturalist, grandfather of Charles
Charles Davenport (1866–1944), عالم أحياء أمريكي and eugenicsist, founded the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Armand David (1826–1900), French zoologist and botanist
Bernard Davis (1916–1994), عالم أحياء أمريكي
Richard Dawkins (born 1941), British evolutionary biologist
Pierre Antoine Delalande (1787–1823), French naturalist
Max Delbrück (1906–1981), German physicist and biologist known for work on the replication mechanism of viruses
Richard Dell (1920–2002), New Zealand malacologist
Stefano Delle Chiaje (1794 - 1860), Italian zoologist
Paul Émile de Puydt (1810–1888), Belgian botanist
René Louiche Desfontaines (1750–1833), French botanist
Gérard Paul Deshayes (1795-1875), French geologist and conchologist.
Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest (1784–1838), French zoologist
Ernst Dieffenbach (1811–1855), German naturalist
Olayo Díaz Giménez (1810–1885), Spanish botanist
Johann Jacob Dillenius (1684–1747), عالم نبات ألماني
Lewis Weston Dillwyn (1778–1855), a عالم نبات بريطاني and conchologist
Walter Dobrogosz (born 1933), American microbiologist, discoverer of Lactobacillus reuteri
Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900–1975), American geneticist and evolutionary biologist
Rembert Dodoens (1517–1585), Flemish botanist
Anton Dohrn (1840–1909), German marine biologist
David Don (1799–1841), عالم نبات بريطاني
James Donn (1758–1813) عالم نبات إنجليزي
Jean Dorst (1924–2001), French ornithologist
Henry Doubleday (1808–1875), British entomologist
David Douglas (1799–1834), Scottish botanist
Jonas C. Dryander (1748–1810), Swedish botanist
Félix Dujardin (1802-1860), biologist
Renato Dulbecco (born 1914), biologist
Ronald Duman Biological psychiatry
André Marie Constant Duméril (1774–1860), French zoologist
Michel Felix Dunal (1789–1856), French botanist
Robin Dunbar (born 1947), Italian virologist
Gerald Durrell (1925–1995), British naturalist

E

Sylvia Earle (born 1935 ), American oceanographer
John Carew Eccles (1903–1997), Australian neurophsyiologist and winner of the 1963 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on the synapse
Christian Friedrich Ecklon (1795–1868), Danish botanist (bot. abbr. Eckl.)
Gerald Edelman (born 1929) Nobel Prize for immunology work, later work in neuroscience
George Edwards (1693–1773), British naturalist
Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (1795–1876), عالم أحياء ألماني and microscopist
Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915), German Nobel Prize-winning immunologist
Theodor Eimer (1843–1898), عالم حيوان ألماني
Daniel Giraud Elliot (1835–1915), American zoologist
Günther Enderlein (1872–1968), عالم حيوان ألماني and entomologist
Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (1804–1849), Austrian botanist (abbr. in bot.: Endl.)
Michael S. Engel (born 1971), American paleontologist and entomologist
George Engelmann (1809–1884), German-عالم نبات أمريكي
Adolf Engler (1844–1930), عالم نبات ألماني (bot. abbr. Engl.)
Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben (1744–1777), German naturalist.
Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793–1831), Baltic عالم أحياء ألماني and explorer, namesake of the California poppy
Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826–1897), Austrian botanist
Warren Ewens, American mathematical population geneticist
Thomas Campbell Eyton (1809–1880), English naturalist

F

Jean Henri Fabre (1823–1915), French entomologist
Johan Christian Fabricius (1745–1808), Danish entomologist
David Fairchild (1869–1954), عالم نبات أمريكي
Hugh Falconer (1808–1865), Scottish paleontologist
Leonardo Fea (1852–1903), Italian zoologist
Christoph Feldegg (1780–1845), Austrian naturalist
Howard Barraclough (Barry) Fell (1917–1994), عالم حيوان إنجليزي and pre-Columbian contact theorist
Dimas Fernández Galiano (1921–2002)
Sérgio Ferreira (born 1934), Brazilian pharmacologist
Harold John Finlay (1901-1951), New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist
Otto Finsch (1839–1917), German naturalist
Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771–1853), German entomologist
James Fisher (1922–1970), English ornithologist
Ronald Fisher (1890–1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics
Tim Flannery (1956-), Australian biologist
Jim Flegg, British ornithologist
Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), British medical scientist
Walther Flemming (1843–1905), German physician and anatomist, discoverer of mitosis and chromosomes
Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (1878–1950) English entomologist
Howard Walter Florey (1898–1968), a pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillin
Brian J. Ford (born 1939) British biologist and writer
E.B. Ford (1901–1988) British ecological geneticist
Peter Forsskål (1732–1763), Swedish naturalist
Georg Forster (1754–1794), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: G.Forst.)
Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798), German naturalist
Robert Fortune (1813–1880), Scottish botanist
Dian Fossey (1932–1985), zoologist
Rosalind Franklin (1920–1958), contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNA
Francisco Freire Allemão e Cysneiro (1797-1874), Brazilian botanist
Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy
Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees
Imre Frivaldszky (1799–1870), Hungarian botanist
Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566), عالم نبات ألماني
José María de la Fuente Morales (1855–1932), Spanish biologist
Louis Agassiz Fuertes (1874–1927), American ornithologist

G

Joseph Gaertner (1732–1791), عالم نبات ألماني
François Gagnepain (1866–1952), French botanist
Joseph Paul Gaimard (1796–1858), French
Biruté Galdikas (born 1946), Canadian primatologist, conducted pioneering studies on orangutans
Robert Gallo (born 1937), American virologist and co-discoverer of HIV
William Gambel (1823–1849), American naturalist
Prosper Garnot (1794–1838), French naturalist
Barry Garrison (1958-2007), عالم أحياء أمريكي
Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (1789–1854), French botanist
Michael Gazzaniga, American cognitive neuroscientist, best known for his research on split-brain patients
Dirk Cornelis Geijskes (1907–1985), Dutch biologist and ethologist
Howard Scott Gentry (1903–1993), عالم نبات أمريكي
John Gerard (1545–1611/12), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Conrad von Gesner (1516–1565), Swiss naturalist (bot. abbr. : Gesner)
Luca Ghini (1490–1566), Italian botanist
John H. Gillespie, American molecular evolutionist and population geneticist
Charles Henry Gimingham (born 1923), عالم نبات بريطاني
Charles Frédéric Girard (1822–1895), French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist
Johann Friedrich Gmelin (1748–1804), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: J.F.Gmel.)
Johann Georg Gmelin (1709–1755), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: J.G.Gmel.)
Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin (1744–1774), عالم نبات ألماني (bot. abbr. : S.G.Gmel.)
Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), English naturalist and ornithologist
Émil Goeldi (1859–1917), Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), known for his literary works but also a scientist. In biology: his theory of plant metamorphosis stipulated that all plant formation stems from a modification of the Leaf.
Camillo Golgi (1843–1926), Italian physician and Nobel prize winner, pioneer in neurobiology
Jane Goodall (born 1934), British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist, best-known for conducting a forty-year study of chimpanzee social and family life.
George Gordon (1806–1879), عالم نبات بريطاني
Philip Henry Gosse (1810–1888), English naturalist
Augustus Addison Gould (1805–1866), an American conchologist.
John Gould (1804–1881), English ornithologist
Stephen Jay Gould (1941–2002), US paleontologist
Alfred Grandidier (1836–1921), French naturalist and explorer
Guillaume Grandidier (1873–1957), French naturalist and explorer son of Alfred Grandidier
Temple Grandin (born 1947), American animal scientist; world-renowned as a designer of humane livestock facilities and for her writings on her experience with autism
Chapman Grant (1887–1983), American herpetologist
Pierre-Paul Grassé (1895–1985), French zoologist
Asa Gray (1810–1888), عالم نبات أمريكي
George Robert Gray (1808–1872), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
J.E. Gray (1800–1875), عالم حيوان بريطاني
Andrew Jackson Grayson (1819–1869), American ornithologist
William King Gregory (1876–1970), عالم حيوان أمريكي
Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon (1862–1933), British ornithologist
Jan Frederik Gronovius (1690–1762), Dutch botanist
Pavel Grošelj (1883–1940), biologist and belletrist
Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville (1799–1874), French entomologist
Johann Anton Güldenstädt (1745–1781), German naturalist
Allvar Gullstrand (1862–1930), Swedish ophthalmologist, winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine "for research on the image formation by the lens of the eye"
Johann Ernst Gunnerus (1718–1773), Norwegian botanist
Albert C. L. G. Günther (1830–1914), British/عالم حيوان ألماني
Guranda Gvaladze (born 1932), Georgian botanist

H

Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), German physician, zoologist and evolutionist
Hermann August Hagen (1817–1893), German entomologist
J. B. S. Haldane (1892–1964), British evolutionary biologist and co-founder of population genetics
William Donald Hamilton (1936–2000), British evolutionary biologist
Thomas Hardwicke (1755–1835), English naturalist
Alister Clavering Hardy (1896–1985), English marine biologist and pioneer student of the biological basis of religion
Richard Harlan (1796–1843), American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist
Denham Harman (born 1916), American biogerontologist, father of the free radical theory of aging
Maarten 't Hart (born 1944), Dutch biologist and writer
Ernst Hartert (1859–1933), German ornithologist
Gustav Hartlaub (1814–1900), عالم حيوان ألماني
Karl Theodor Hartweg (1812–1871), عالم نبات ألماني
William Henry Harvey (1811–1866) Irish phycologist.
Hans Hass (born 1919), Austrian biologist
Frederik Hasselquist (1722–1752), Swedish naturalist
François HaverSchmidt (1906–1987) Dutch ornithologist
Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale (1824–1878), English ornithologist
James Hector (1834–1907) was a Scottish geologist, naturalist, and surgeon
Charles Hedley (1862 – 1926), a naturalist, active in Australia
Oskar Heinroth (1871–1945), عالم أحياء ألماني, a founder of ethology
Wilhelm Hemprich (1796–1825), German naturalist
Willi Hennig (1913–1976) عالم أحياء ألماني, founder of cladistics
John Stevens Henslow (1796–1861), English mineralogist, botanist and clergyman
Johann Hermann (1738-1800), a French physician and naturalist
Albert William Herre (1868-1962), an American ichthyologist and lichenologist
Alfred Hershey (1908–1997), American bacteriologist, winner of the 1969 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on the genetics of viruses
Archibald Vivian Hill (1886–1977), British physiologist, winner of the 1922 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for elucidation of mechanical work in muscles
Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800–1894), English naturalist
Bruno Hofer (1861–1916), German fisheries scientist
Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg (1766–1849) عالم نبات ألماني, entomologist and ornithologist
Franciscus Holkema (1840–1869), Dutch botanist
Jacques Bernard Hombron (1798–1852), French naturalist
Leroy Hood (born 1939), American biochemist, developed high speed automated DNA sequencer.
Robert Hooke (1635–1703), British natural philosopher and Secretary to the Royal Society
Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911), عالم نبات بريطاني, explorer and Director of Kew Botanic Gardens
William Jackson Hooker (1785–1865), عالم نبات بريطاني, Director of Kew Botanic Gardens
Thomas Horsfield (1773–1859), American naturalist
Bernardo Houssay (1887–1971), Argentine physiologist, winner of the 1947 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for the function of the pituitary hormones in regulating blood sugar (glucose) in animals.
Martinus Houttuyn (1720–1798), Dutch naturalist
Albert Howard (1873–1947), عالم نبات بريطاني
Eliot Howard (1873–1940), English ornithologist
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (born 1946), U.S. anthropologist who made contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiology.
David H. Hubel (born 1926), Canadian-Born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for research on the visual system
François Huber (1750–1831), Swiss naturalist
Ambrosius Hubrecht (1853–1915), Dutch zoologist
William Henry Hudson (1841–1922), Argentinian-British ornithologist
Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), German naturalist and explorer
Allan Octavian Hume (1829–1912), British ornithologist
Rob Hume, British ornithologist
George Evelyn Hutchinson (1903–1991), American ecologist and limnologist
Frederick Wollaston Hutton (1835–1905), English biologist and geologist, later worked in New Zealand
Julian Sorell Huxley (1887-1975), عالم حيوان إنجليزي and contributor to the modern evolutionary synthesis; first D-G of UNESCO
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895), عالم حيوان إنجليزي and advocate of evolution, agnosticism and scientific education
Alpheus Hyatt (1838–1902), US neo-Lamarckian
Libbie Hyman (1888–1969), invertebrate zoologist
Josef Hyrtl (1810–1894), Austrian anatomist

I

Hermann von Ihering (1850–1930), German naturalist
Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (1775–1813), German entomologist
Jan Ingenhousz (1730–1799), Dutch-born عالم نبات بريطاني.
Tom Iredale (1880–1972), English conchologist and ornithologist
Paul Erdmann Isert (1756–1789), عالم نبات ألماني

J

François Jacob (born 1920), French Biologist, Nobel Prize
Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), Dutch-born Austrian botanist
Honoré Jacquinot (1815–1887), French surgeon and zoologist
Daniel H. Janzen (born 1939), American entomologist and ecologist
William Jardine (1800–1874), Scottish naturalist
Feliks Pawel Jarocki (1790–1865), Polish zoologist
Thomas C. Jerdon (1811–1872), عالم حيوان بريطاني and botanist
Wilhelm Johannsen (1857–1927), (coined the term gene)
David Starr Jordan (1851–1931), ichthyologist, 1st president of Stanford
Félix Pierre Jousseaume (1835-1921), was a French zoologist and malacologist
Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (1797–1853), French botanist
Antoine de Jussieu (1686–1758), French naturalist
Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (1748–1836), botanist, biologist (botanical abbr.: Juss.)
Bernard de Jussieu (1699–1777), French naturalist
Ernest Everett Just (1883–1941), عالم أحياء أمريكي

K

Zbigniew Kabata (born 1924), Polish parasitologist
Pehr Kalm (1716–1779), Swedish botanist
Eric R. Kandel (born 1929), Austrian-born American neuroscientist. Winner of the 2000 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on the neural correlates of memory
Nicole C. Karafyllis, عالم أحياء ألماني
Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten (1817–1908), عالم نبات ألماني
Stuart Kauffman (born 1939), biologist widely known for his promotion of self-organization as a factor in producing the complexity of biological systems and organisms
Johann Jakob Kaup (1803–1873), German naturalist
Janet Kear (1933–2004), English ornithologist
Gerald A. Kerkut (1927–2004), عالم حيوان بريطاني and physiologist
Anton Kerner von Marilaun (1831–1898), Austrian botanist
Arthur Francis George Kerr (1877–1942), Irish medical doctor, first systematic collector of plants of Siam
Robert Kerr (1755–1813), published The Animal Kingdom in 1792
Warwick Estevam Kerr (born 1922), Brazilian geneticist, specialist in bee genetics, introducer of African bees in Brazil
Motoo Kimura (1924–1994), Japanese mathematical biologist, working in the field of theoretical population genetics
Norman Boyd Kinnear (1882–1957), Scottish zoologist
William Kirby (1759–1850), English entomologist
Heinrich von Kittlitz (1799–1874), German naturalist
Fritz Köberle (1910–1983), Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist, student of Chagas disease
Karl Koch (1809–1879), عالم نبات ألماني
Robert Koch (1843–1910), German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologist
Emil Theodor Kocher (1841–1917), German physician, winner of the 1909 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for "his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland"
Alexander Koenig (1858–1940), German naturalist
Albert von Kolliker (1817–1905), Swiss physiologist
Charles Konig (1774–1851), German naturalist
Arthur Kornberg (born 1918), discovered DNA polymerase
Adriaan Kortlandt, (born 1918), Dutch ethologist
Albrecht Kossel (1853–1927), German physician and winner of the 1910 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his research in cell biology
Hans Adolf Krebs (1900–1981), German biochemist and winner of the 1953 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his discovery of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration
Gerard Krefft (1830–1881), German-born Australian zoologist and palaeontologist
Moacyr Krieger (born 1930), Brazilian physician and physiologist
Kewal Krishan (born 1973), Biological Anthropologist, specialized in Forensic Anthropology, serving at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Schack August Steenberg Krogh (1874–1949), Danish physiologist, winner of the 1920 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of the capillaries in skeletal muscle
Heinrich Kuhl (1797–1821), عالم حيوان ألماني

ل

Henri Laborit (1914–1995), French surgeon and physiologist
Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède (1756–1825), French naturalist
David Lack (1910–1973), British ornithologist
Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1783–1861), French ornithologist
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744–1829), French evolutionist, coined many terms like biology and fossils
Aylmer Bourke Lambert (1761–1842), عالم نبات بريطاني
Hugh Lamprey (1928–1996), British ecologist
Joseph Lanjouw (1902–1984), Dutch botanist
Kai Larsen (born 1926) Danish botanist
Charles Francis Laseron (1887-1959), an American-born Australian naturalist and malacologist
John Latham (1740–1837), English naturalist
Pierre André Latreille (1762–1833), French entomologist
Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (1845–1922), French physician, winner of the 1907 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his discovery that the cause of malaria is a protozoon
George Newbold Lawrence (1806–1855), American ornithologist
William Elford Leach (1790–1836) عالم حيوان إنجليزي and marine biologist
Colin Leakey (born 1933), British tropical botanist and specialist in bean science
Joseph LeConte (1823–1901), physiologist
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723), Dutch biologist, developer of the microscope
François Leguat (1637?–1735), French naturalist
Andy Lehrer (1930-), Romanian-Israeli entomologist
Joseph Leidy (1823–1891), US paleontologist
Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler (1771–1813), Dutch naturalist
Juan Lembeye (1816–1889), Spanish naturalist
Leonardo Da Vinci (1452–1519), known as an artist but also an anatomist. Dissected hundreds of specimens and drew exact copies of them.
Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773–1826), French botanist
Rene Primevere Lesson (1794–1849), French naturalist
Charles Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846), French naturalist
François Le Vaillant (1753–1824), French ornithologist
Richard Lewontin (born 1929), biologist
Wen-Hsiung Li, molecular evolutionary biologist
Emmanuel Liais (1826–1900), French botanist
Martin Lichtenstein (1780–1867), عالم حيوان ألماني
John Lightfoot (1735-1788), an English conchologist and botanist
David R. Lindberg, an American malacologist and biologist
Aristid Lindenmayer (1925–1989), Hungarian biologist
John Lindley (1799–1865) عالم نبات إنجليزي
Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767–1850), عالم نبات ألماني (abbr. in botany : Link)
Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778), Swedish botanist; father of the binomial name (abbr L. or Linn.)
Jacques Loeb (1859–1924), German-عالم أحياء أمريكي
Friedrich Loeffler (1852–1915), عالم أحياء ألماني
Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), Austrian founder of ethology
Harri Lorenzi (born 1949), Brazilian botanist
John Claudius Loudon (1783–1843), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Anatole Stephan Loukashkin (1902–1988), biologist
James Lovelock (born 1919), English chemist and father of the gaia hypothesis
Percy Lowe (1870–1948), English ornithologist
Peter Wilhelm Lund (1801–1880), Danish zoologist and paleontologist
Salvador Luria (1912–1991), microbiologist, Nobel prize winner
Adolfo Lutz (1855–1940), Brazilian infectologist, pathologist and public health researcher
André Lwoff (1902–1994), French microbiologist, winner of the 1965 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب
Richard Lydekker (1849–1915), English naturalist
تروفيم ليسينكو(1898–1976)، عالم أحياء ومهندس زراعي سوڤيتي. عام 1948، ندد رسميأً بفهم الوراثة. انظر ليسينكوية.

م

Ma-Mi

Jules François Mabille (1831–1904), French malacologist
John Macadam dead man Scottish-born Australian botanist
John M. MacDougal (born 1954), عالم نبات أمريكي
William MacGillivray (1796–1852), Scottish naturalist
Gerrit François Makkink (1907–2006), Dutch ethologist, hydrologist and agriculturist
Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), Italian anatomist and biologist
Ramon Margalef (1919–2004), Spanish-Catalan biologist and ecologist
Leo Margolis (1927–1997), Canadian fisheries parasitologist
Lynn Margulis (born 1938), American microbiologist
Alberto della Marmora (1789–1863), Italian naturalist
Othniel Charles Marsh (1831–1899), paleontology
Barry Marshall (born 1951), Australian physician and microbiologist, winner of the 2005 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria
Thomas Martyn (1735-1825), an عالم نبات إنجليزي, entomologist and conchologist
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868), عالم نبات ألماني
Fermín Martín Piera (1954–2001), Spanish botanist
John Martyn (1699–1768), عالم نبات إنجليزي
جون مارويك (1891-1978), New Zealand palaeontologist and geologist
Francis Masson (1741–1805?), Scottish botanist
Gregory Mathews (1876–1949), Australian ornithologist
Paul Matschie (1861–1926), عالم حيوان ألماني
William Diller Matthew (1871–1930), American paleontologist
Polly Matzinger, American Immunologist
Carl Maximowicz (1827–1891), Russian botanist
Harold Maxwell-Lefroy (1877–1925), English entomologist
Robert May (born 1936), biologist, physisist, mathematician, President of Royal Society of London 2000–2005
Ernst Mayr (1904–2005), evolutionary biologist
Barbara McClintock (1902–1992), عالم أحياء أمريكي, winner of a Nobel Prize for her work on the transposon, or "jumping gene"
Bruce McConnell (born 1933) American Professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics
James V. McConnell (1925–1990), American biological psychologist
Bruce McEwen Neuroendocrinologist and stress hormone expert
Edmund Meade-Waldo (1855–1934), English ornithologist
Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (1845–1916), Russian microbiologist, best known for his work on the immune system and phagocytosis, received the جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب عام 1908
Johann Wilhelm Meigen (1764–1845), German entomologist
گريگور مندل (1822–1884), Czech-Austrian monk who is often called the "father of genetics" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants
Edouard Menetries (1802–1861), French entomologist
Maud Leonora Menten, biologist
Archibald Menzies (1754–1852), Scottish naturalist
Clinton Hart Merriam (1855–1942), American zoologist and ornithologist
John C. Merriam (1869–1945), عالم أحياء أمريكي
Franz Meyen (1804–1840), عالم نبات ألماني
Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee (1901–1984), American ornithologist
Otto Fritz Meyerhof (1884–1951), German/American physician and biochemist, winner of the 1922 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب لأبحاثه في العضلات
Leonor Michaelis (1875–1949), عالم أحياء ألماني
أندريه ميشو(1746–1802)، عالم نبات فرنسي
Aleksandr Fyodorovich Middendorf (1815–1894), Russian zoologist
Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai (1846–1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist
Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr. (1869–1956), American zoologist.
Jacques Miller (born 1931), Australian immunologist.
John Frederick Miller (1759–1796), English illustrator (primarily of botany)
Philip Miller (1691–1771), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Mill.)
Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835–1900), French zoologist
Henri Milne-Edwards (1800–1885), French zoologist
George Jackson Mivart (1827–1900), English biologist

Mo-Mu

Hugo von Mohl (1805–1872), عالم نبات ألماني
Paul Möhring (1710–1792) German naturalist
Juan Ignacio Molina (1740–1829), Chilean naturalist
جاك مونو(1910–1976) geneticist
George Montagu (1753–1815), English naturalist
Luc Montagnier (born 1932), French discoverer of HIV
Rita Levi-Montalcini (born 1909), Italian-American neurologist who received the 1986 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for her co-discovery of growth factors
Tommaso Allery de Maria Monterosato (1841-1927), an Italian malacologist
Pierre Dénys de Montfort (1766–1820), French naturalist
George Thomas Moore (1871–1956) عالم نبات أمريكي
Alfred Moquin-Tandon (1804–1863), French naturalist
Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch (1828-1878), malacologist
Thomas Hunt Morgan (1868–1945), American geneticist. He worked on the natural history, zoology, and macromutation in the fruit fly Drosophila.
Desmond Morris (born 1928), عالم حيوان بريطاني and biologist
Roger Morse (1927–2000), professor, researcher, author, on bees/beekeeping
Guy Mountfort (1905–2003), English ornithologist
Ladislav Mucina (born 1956), Slovakian botanist
Ferdinand von Mueller (1825–1896), German-Australian botanist
John Muir (1838–1914), US naturalist
Otto Friedrich Müller (1730–1784), Danish naturalist (abbr. in botany : O.F.Müll.)
Fritz Müller (1821–1897), German-Brazilian naturalist (abbr. in botany : F.J.Müll.)
Hermann Müller (Thurgau) (1850–1927) Swiss botanist and oenologist
Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller (1725–1776), عالم حيوان ألماني
Salomon Muller (1804–1864), Dutch naturalist
Kary Mullis (born 1944), biologist
Otto von Münchhausen (1716–1774), عالم نبات ألماني
John Murray (1841–1914) Scots-Canadian Marine Biologist

N

Gary Paul Nabhan (born 1952), co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
Karl Wilhelm von Nageli (1817–1891), Swiss botanist
Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780–1857), German founder of scientific ornithology
John Needham (1713–1781), English naturalist
Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776–1858), عالم نبات ألماني and zoologist
Masatoshi Nei, American evolutionary biologist and molecular Population Geneticist
Randolph M. Nesse (born 1945), American evolutionary biologist and psychiatrist
Charles F. Newcombe (1851–1924), عالم نبات بريطاني
Alfred Newton (1829–1907), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
Margaret Morse Nice (1883–1974), American ornithologist
Henry Alleyne Nicholson (1844–1899), عالم حيوان بريطاني
Elmer Noble (1909–2001) American parasitologist
Alfred Merle Norman (1831–1918), an English clergyman and naturalist
Alfred John North (1855–1917), Australian ornithologist
Thomas Nuttall (1786–1858), عالم نبات إنجليزي and zoologist

O

Nils Hjalmar Odhner (1884-1973), a scandinavian zoologist
Eugene P. Odum (1913–2002), American ecologist
Howard T. Odum (1924–2002), American ecologist
Anders Sandoe Oersted (1816–1872), Danish botanist (bot abbr.: Oerst.)
William Ogilby (1808–1873), Irish naturalist
William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1863–1924), Scottish ornithologist
Tomoko Ohta, Japanese molecular evolutionary biologist
Lorenz Oken (1779–1851), German naturalist
Giuseppe Olivi (1769–1795), Italian naturalist
Aleksandr Oparin (1894–1980), Russian biologist and biochemist, best known for his work on the origin of life
Alcide d'Orbigny (1802–1857), French naturalist
George Ord (1781–1866), American ornithologist
Eleanor Anne Ormerod (1828–1901), English entomologist
Henry Fairfield Osborn (1857–1935), eugenicist, AMNH curator
Emile Oustalet (1844–1905), French zoologist
Richard Owen (1804–1892), biologist

P

George Emil Palade (born 1912), Romanian-عالم أحياء أمريكي, discoverer of ribosomes, Nobel Prize
Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811), Russian zoologist
Edward Palmer (1829–1911), عالم نبات بريطاني
Josif Pancic (1814–1888), Serbian botanist
Paracelsus (1493–1541), German alchemist
Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), French biochemist
William Paterson (1755–1810), عالم نبات بريطاني and explorer
Colin Patterson (1933,1998), British palaeontologist
Robert Patterson (1802–1872) Irish naturalist
Andrew Paulukiewichz (born 1958) Modern Polish biologist
Daniel Pauly, biologist
Ivan Pavlov (1849–1936), Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician, discovered conditioning, won the Nobel Prize for his research on the digestive system
Titian Peale (1799–1885), American naturalist
Donald C. Peattie (1898–1964), عالم نبات أمريكي
Jean-Marie Pelt (born 1933), French botanist
Henri Perrier de la Bâthie (1873–1958), French botanist
George Perry (naturalist), 19th century English naturalist
Christian Hendrik Persoon (1761–1836), biologist
Paul Petard (1912–1980), French botanist
Wilhelm Peters (1815–1883), German naturalist
Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, German physician, botanist and conchologist
Rodolfo Amando Philippi (1808–1904), German-Chilean zoologist
Constantine John Phipps (1744–1792), English explorer
David Andrew Phoenix, (born 1966), Biochemist
Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1860–?), English entomologist
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1828–1917), English entomologist, uncle of above
Charles Pickering (1805–1878), American naturalist
Cándido Bolívar Pieltain (1897–1976), Spanish naturalist
Henry Augustus Pilsbry (1862–1957), American zoologist, malacologist
Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903–1967), عالم أحياء أمريكي and co-inventor of the contraceptive pill
Ronald Plasterk, (born 1957), Dutch molecular biologist, columnist and politician
Pliny the Elder (23–79), Roman natural philosopher
Reginald Innes Pocock (1863–1947), British taxonomist (mammals and arachnids)
Felipe Poey (1799–1891), Cuban zoologist
Joel Roberts Poinsett (1779–1851), عالم نبات أمريكي
Giuseppe Saverio Poli (1746-1825) was an Italian physicist, biologist and natural historian
Winston Ponder, an Australian malacologist
L. Henry Potter (1891-1986) American naturalist
Arthur William Baden Powell (1901–1987), New Zealand malacologist and paleontologist
Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford (1833–1896), English ornithologist
Karel Presl (1794–1852), Bohemian botanist
Alice Pruvot-Fol (1873–1972), French malacologist
Jan Evangelista Purkyně (1787–1869), Czech anatomist and physiologist
Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774–1820), German-عالم نبات أمريكي
Paul Émile de Puydt (1810–1888) Belgian botanist
Nikolai Przhevalsky (1839–1888), Russian explorer

Q

Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau (1810–1892), French naturalist
Jean René Constant Quoy (1790–1869), French zoologist

R

Gustav Radde (1831–1903), German naturalist
Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781–1826), British founder/first president of the Zoological Society of London
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (1783–1840), French naturalist who described many North American species
Émile Louis Ragonot (1843-1895), French entomologist
Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934), Spanish histologist and Nobel laureate. Considered the father of neuroscience.
Edward Pierson Ramsay (1842–1916), Australian ornithologist
Austin L. Rand (1905–1982), Canadian zoologist
Suresh Rattan (born 1955), Indian biogerontologist
John Ray (1627–1705), English naturalist
Mihai Ravarut (1907-1981),Romanian botanist
Francesco Redi (1626–1697), طبيب إيطالي known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as a one of the first steps in refuting abiogenesis
Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814-1865), an English conchologist
Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (1823–1889), German orchidologist (abbr. in botany : Rchb. f.)
Ludwig Reichenbach (1793–1879), عالم نبات ألماني and ornithologist (abbr. in botany : Rchb.)
Anton Reichenow (1847–1941), German ornithologist
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt (1773–1854), Dutch botanist
Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), عالم أحياء ألماني
Ralf Reski (*1958), German botanist and biotechnologist, developed Physcomitrella as model organism
Achille Richard (1794-1852), French botanist (abbr. in botany: A. Rich)
Louis Claude Richard (1754–1821), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Rich.)
John Richardson (1787–1865), Scottish naturalist (abbr. in botany : Richardson)
Charles Robert Richet (1850–1935), French physiologist, winner of the 1913 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of anaphylaxis
Charles Wallace Richmond (1868–1932), American ornithologist
Robert Ridgway (1850–1929), American ornithologist
Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855–1956), عالم نبات بريطاني (abbr. in botany : Ridl.)
Austin Roberts (1883–1948), South African zoologist
Harold E. Robinson (born 1932), عالم نبات أمريكي and entomologist
Maurício Rocha e Silva (1910–1983), Brazilian physician and pharmacologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin
Martin Rodbell (1925–1998), biologist
Peter Friedrich Röding (1767-1846), German malacologist
George Romanes (1848–1894), Canadian naturalist, founded the discipline of comparative psychology
Alfred Romer (1894–1973), specialist in vertebrate paleontology
Robert Rosen (1934–1998), theoretical biologist
Joel Rosenbaum, cell biologist at Yale University
Harald Rosenthal (born 1937) German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecology
Lynn J. Rothschild, American evolutionary biologist
Miriam Louisa Rothschild (1908–2005), British entomologist
Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild (1868–1937), عالم حيوان بريطاني
William Roxburgh (1759–1815), Scottish botanist
Adriaan van Royen (1704–1779), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : Royen)
David van Royen (1727–1799), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : D.Royen)
Karl Rudolphi (1771–1832), German physiologist
Eduard Rüppell (1794–1884), German naturalist

S

Sa-So

Joseph Sabine (1770–1837), English naturalist
Julius von Sachs (1832–1897), عالم نبات ألماني
Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772–1844), French naturalist
Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805–1861), French zoologist
Carl Ulisses von Salis-Marschlins (1762-1818), Swiss naturalist interested in botany, entomology, and conchology
Edward James Salisbury (1886–1978), عالم نبات بريطاني
Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761–1829), عالم نبات بريطاني
Jonas Salk (1914–1995), عالم أحياء أمريكي, inventor of polio vaccine
Robert Sapolsky (born 1957), American neuroscientist
Georg Sars (1837–1927), Norwegian marine biologist
Michael Sars (1809–1869), Norwegian taxonomist
William Saunders (1822–1900), عالم نبات أمريكي
Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740–1799), Swiss naturalist
Marie Jules César Savigny (1777–1851), French zoologist
توماس ساي (1787–1843), American naturalist
George Schaller (born 1933), American zoologist, widely considered the preeminent field biologist of the 20th century
Friedrich Schlechter (1872–1925), عالم نبات ألماني
Hermann Schlegel (1804–1884), German ornithologist
Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1804–1881), German co-founder of the cell theory
George Schoener (1864–1941), German-عالم نبات أمريكي
Johann David Schoepf (1752–1800), عالم نبات ألماني and zoologist
Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794–1865), عالم نبات ألماني
Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739–1810), German naturalist
Leopold von Schrenck (1826–1894), Russo-عالم حيوان ألماني
Charles Schuchert (1858–1942), paleontology
Theodor Schwann (1810–1882), German physiologist
Georg August Schweinfurth (1836–1925), عالم نبات ألماني
Philip Sclater (1829–1913), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (1723–1788), Italian-Austrian naturalist
Henry Seebohm (1832–1895), English ornithologist
Prideaux John Selby (1788–1867), عالم نبات إنجليزي and ornithologist
Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov (1827–1885), Russian naturalist
Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847–1909), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
George Shaw (1751–1813), عالم نبات وحيوان إنجليزي
Rupert Sheldrake (born 1942), biologist
George Ernest Shelley (1840–1910), English ornithologist
Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (1857–1922), British physiologist and neuroscientist, winner of the 1932 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his research on neurons
Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866), عالم نبات ألماني
George Gaylord Simpson (1902–1984), American paleontologist
Rolf Singer (1906–1994), German born mycologist
John Kunkel Small (1869–1938), عالم نبات أمريكي (abbr. in botany : Small)
Andrew Smith (1797–1872), Scottish zoologist
Edgar Albert Smith (1847-1916), a عالم حيوان بريطاني
Frederick Smith (1805–1879), British entomologist
James Edward Smith (1759–1828), عالم نبات إنجليزي (abbr. in bot. : Sm.)
Johannes Jacobus Smith (1867–1947), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : J.J.Sm.)
James Leonard Brierley Smith (1897 – 1968), South African ichthyologist
John Maynard Smith (1920–2004), biologist
John Otterbein Snyder (1867-1943), an American zoologist
Solomon H. Snyder (born 1938), American neuroscientist, co-discovered endorphins
Daniel Solander (1733–1782), Swedish botanist
Louis François Auguste Souleyet (1811–1852), French zoologist

Sp-Sy

Douglas Spalding (c1840–1877), English biologist, discovered imprinting and conducted some of the earliest research on animal behavior
Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729–1799), Italian biologist
Anders Sparrman (1748–1820), Swedish naturalist
Walter Baldwin Spencer (1860–1929), English biologist and anthropologist
Roger W. Sperry (1913–1994), American neuropsychologist, winner of the 1981 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his split-brain research
Maximilian Spinola (1780–1857) - entomologist
Johann Baptist von Spix (1781–1826), German naturalist
Herman Spoering (1733–1771), Finnish botanist
Kurt Sprengel (1766–1833), عالم نبات ألماني
Stewart Springer (1906–1991), American ichthyologist noted for expertise in shark classification, behavior, and distribution of species
Richard Spruce (1817–1893), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Agustin Stahl (1842–1917), Puerto Rican zoologist and botanist
Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (1775–1851), English naturalist
Japetus Steenstrup (1813–1897), Danish zoologist
Franz Steindachner (1834-1919), an Austrian zoologist
Leonhard Hess Stejneger (1851–1943), Norwegian zoologist
Georg Wilhelm Steller (1709–1746), Russian ornithologist
James Francis Stephens (1792–1853), عالم حيوان إنجليزي
Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761–1838), Bohemian botanist
كارل ستتر (born 1941), German microbiologist
Nettie Maria Stevens (1861–1912), عالم أحياء أمريكي
Gerald Stokell (1890-1972), New Zealand horticulturist and ichthyologist
Gottlieb Conrad Christian Storr (1749–1821), German naturalist
إدوارد ستراسبورگر (1844–1912), عالم نبات ألماني (abbr. في فهم النبات : Strasb.)
Erwin Stresemann (1889–1972), German ornithologist
John Struthers (1823–1899) Scottish anatomist
Samuel Stutchbury (1798-1859), an English naturalist and geologist
Carl Jakob Sundevall (1801–1875), Swedish zoologist
Mriganka Sur (born 1953), Indian cognitive neuroscientist specializing in neuroplasticity
Henry Suter, New Zealand zoologist, naturalist and palaeontologist
William John Swainson (1789-1855), English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist
جان سوامردام (1637–1680), Dutch biologist and microscopist
اولوف سوارتس (1760–1816), Swedish botanist (bot. abbr. : Sw.)
Robert Swinhoe (1836–1877), English naturalist
Colonel W. H. Sykes (1790–1872), English ornithologist

T

Wladyslaw Taczanowski (1819–1890), Polish zoologist
Armen Takhtajan (born 1910), Russian botanist
Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754–1803), Swedish naturalist
Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778–1858), Dutch zoologist
Theophrastus (372 BC–287 BC), biologist and the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, popularizer of science
Johannes Thiele (1860–1935), عالم حيوان ألماني and malacologist
Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas (1858–1929), عالم حيوان بريطاني
Stewart Thomas (1946-), American zoologist
William Thompson (1805-1852) Irish ornithologist and naturalist
Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars (1758–1831) French botanist
Carl Peter Thunberg (1743–1828), Swedish naturalist
Samuel Tickell (1811–1875), British ornithologist
نيكوتنرگن (1907–1988), Dutch ethologist
Agostino Todaro (1818–1892), Italian botanist
Susumu Tonegawa (born 1939), Japanese biologist, winner of the 1987 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for ""discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity."
John Torrey (1796–1873), عالم نبات أمريكي, first professional in New World
Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656–1708), French botanist
John Kirk Townsend (1809–1851), American ornithologist
Thomas Stewart Traill (1781–1862), Scottish doctor and naturalist
Abraham Trembley (1710–1784), Swiss naturalist
Melchior Treub (1851–1910), Dutch botanist
Henry Baker Tristram (1822–1906), English ornithologist
Robert Trivers (born 1943), evolutionary biologist
Édouard Louis Trouessart (1842–1927), French naturalist
Frederick W. True (1858–1914), US naturalist
George Washington Tryon Jr. (1838-1888), US malacologist
برنارد تكر (1901–1950), English ornithologist
إدوارد تكرمان (1817–1886), عالم نبات أمريكي
Endel Tulving (born 1927), Estonian-born Canadian neuroscientist, specializes in episodic memory
Marmaduke Tunstall (1743–1790), English ornithologist
Eugenie Turenschi (born 1922), Romanian Botany Professor
روث ترنر (1915–2000), marine biologist
William Turton (1762-1835), British naturalist
Farhang Torki (born 1980), Iranian Ecologist

U

Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944), Estonian biologist, founder of biosemiotics

V

Martin Vahl (1749–1804), Norwegian botanist
Sebastien Vaillant (1669–1722), French botanist
Achille Valenciennes (1794–1865), French zoologist
Francisco Varela (1946–2001) Chilean biologist
Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943), Soviet botanist and geneticist, died in prison as a defender of "bourgeois pseudoscience" genetics against Lysenkoism
Damodaran M. Vasudevan (born 1942), Indian physician, immunologist and educationist
Craig Venter (born 1946), عالم أحياء أمريكي and businessman
Edouard Verreaux (1810–1868), French naturalist
Jules Verreaux (1807–1873) French botanist and ornithologist
Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748–1831), French ornithologist
Nicholas Aylward Vigors (1785–1840), Irish zoologist
Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), عالم أحياء ألماني and pathologist, founder of cell theory
Oswaldo Vital Brazil (1865–1950), Brazilian physician and immunobiologist, discoverer of several antivenoms against snake, scorpion and spider bites
Karel Voous (1920–2002), Dutch ornithologist
Hugo de Vries (1848–1935), Dutch botanist

W

Frans de Waal (born 1948), Dutch ethologist, primatologist and psychologist
Coslett Herbert Waddell (1858–1919), Irish botanist
Johann Georg Wagler (1800–1832), German herpetologist
Warren H. Wagner (1920–2000), عالم نبات أمريكي
Göran Wahlenberg (1780–1851), Swedish naturalist
Barry Wakeman (1939–2004), American naturalist
Selman Waksman (1888–1973), American biochemist, winner of the 1952 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on antibiotics
Charles Athanase Walckenaer (1771–1852), French entomologist
George Wald (1906–1997), عالم أحياء أمريكي, winner of the 1967 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his work on vision
Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), British naturalist and biologist
Nathaniel Wallich (1786–1854), Danish botanist
Benjamin Dann Walsh (1808–1869), American entomologist
William Grey Walter (1910–1977), American neurophysiologist and roboticist, made a number of important discoveries in the field of electroencephalography
Deepal Warakagoda (born 1965), Sri Lankan ornithologist
J. Robin Warren (born 1937), Australian pathologist, winner of the 2005 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria
Charles Waterton (1782–1865), English naturalist
James D. Watson (born 1928), Nobel Prize-winning biologist, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule
Philip Barker Webb (1793–1854), عالم نبات إنجليزي (abbr. in botany : Webb)
Hugh Algernon Weddell (1819–1877), عالم نبات إنجليزي (abbr. in botany : Wedd.)
Robert Weinberg Cancer Biologist
August Weismann (1834–1914), عالم أحياء ألماني
Friedrich Welwitsch (1806–1872), Austrian botanist
Karl Wernicke (1848–1905), German physician and neuroanatomist, discovered Wernicke's area
Victor Westhoff (1916–2001), Dutch botanist
Alexander Wetmore (1886–1978), American ornithologist
William Morton Wheeler (1865–1937), American entomologist and myrmecologist
Gilbert White (1720–1795), English naturalist
John White (c. 1756–1832) عالم نبات إنجليزي
Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782–1867), German explorer & biologist.
Hans Wiehler (1930–2003) عالم نبات أمريكي (bot. abbr.: Wiehler)
Torsten Wiesel (born 1924), Swedish-born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 جائزة نوبل في الفيزيولوجيا أوالطب for his research on information processing in the visual system
Charles Wilkes (1798–1877), American explorer and naturalist
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (1765–1812), عالم نبات ألماني and pharmacist (abbr. in botany: Willd.)
George C. Williams (born 1926), American evolutionary biologist, credited with introducing the gene-centric view of evolution
Francis Willughby (1635–1672), English ornithologist & ichthyologist
Alexander Wilson (1766–1813), Scottish-American ornithologist
E. A. Wilson (1872–1912), English naturalist
Edward O. Wilson (born 1929), American entomologist and father of sociobiology, two time winner of the Pulitzer Prize
Caspar Wistar (1761–1818), American anatomist and physician. The genus Wisteria is named after him
Henry Witherby (1873–1943), British ornithologist
William Withering (1741–1799), عالم نبات إنجليزي
Carl Woese (born 1928), American microbiologist, identified the Archaea, a major division of organisms
Flossie Wong-Staal (born 1947), American virologist
Sewall Wright (1889–1988), American geneticist, co-founder of population genetics
V. C. Wynne-Edwards (1906–1997), Scottish zoologist, introduced the hypothesis of group selection in evolution
Charles Wyville Thompson (1832–1882) Scottish marine biologist