ايمانويل لاسكر
Emanuel Lasker | |
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الاسم الكامل | Emanuel Lasker |
البلد | ألمانيا |
وُلِد | December 24, 1868 Berlinchen, پروسيا (الآن بارلينك، پولندا) |
توفي | 11 يناير 1941 (عن عمر 72) مدينة نيويورك، الولايات المتحدة |
بطولة العالم | 1894–1921 |
'إمانويل لاسكر Emanuel Lasker (24 ديسمبر 1868 – 11 يناير 1941) هوعالم رياضيات ولاعب شطرنج ألماني.
حياته
ولد ايمانويل لاسكر في 24 ديسمبر 1868 في برلينشر مدينة صغيرة بألمانيا ، أبوه وزير الثقافة . تفهم لاسكر اللعبة مع أخيه برتولد، كان لاسكر يتردد على المقاهي التي تنظم مباريات في الشطرنج ، حيث فاز بأول دوري مفتوح الذي نظمه المقهى كايزرهوف، وذلك في سنة 1888 - 1889، في برسلاو. في سنة 1890 فاز بعدة لقاءات في ألمانيا وإنگلترة ، حيث أكد أنه، إلى جانب طاراش, المنافس الوحيد لستاينتز على اللقب العالمي استطاع ان سيسيطر على العالم 27 سنه دون ان يتغلب عليه احد وهواكثر لاعب حقق القب العالمي وألف كتاب عن الشطرنج اسماه الستين ثانيه بطريقته التي يتغلب على المنافسين بستين ثانية.
عمالقة الشطرنج
- الكسندر اليخين
- بوبي فيشر
- كابابلانكا
- ايمانويل لاسكر
- كاربوف
- ادولف اندرسن
- بول شارل مورفي
- وليام ستاينتز
- فلاديمير كرامنيك
- بوريس سباسكى
- تيجران بتروسيان
- بول كيريس
- ميخائيل بوتفنيك
نتائج المسابقات
The following table gives Lasker's placings and scores in tournaments. The first "Score" column gives the number of points on the total possible. In the second "Score" column, "+" indicates the number of won games, "−" the number of losses, and "=" the number of draws.
Date | Location | Place | Score | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1888/89 | Berlin (Café Kaiserhof) | 1st | 20/20 | +20 −0 =0 | |
1889 | Breslau "B" | 1st = | 12/15 | +11 −2 =2 | Tied with von Feyerfeil and won the play-off. This was Hauptturnier A of the sixth DSB Congress, i.e. the "second-division" tournament. |
1889 | Amsterdam "A" tournament | 2nd | 6/8 | +5 −1 =2 | Behind Amos Burn; ahead of James Mason, Isidor Gunsberg and others. This was the stronger of the two Amsterdam tournaments held at that time. |
1890 | Berlin | 1–2 | 6½/8 | +6 −1 =1 | Tied with his brother Berthold Lasker. |
1890 | Graz | 3rd | 4/6 | +3 −1 =2 | Behind Gyula Makovetz and Johann Hermann Bauer. |
1892 | London | 1st | 9/11 | +8 −1 =2 | Ahead of Mason and Rudolf Loman. |
1892 | London | 1st | 6½/8 | +5 −0 =3 | Ahead of Joseph Henry Blackburne, Mason, Gunsberg and Henry Edward Bird. |
1893 | New York City | 1st | 13/13 | +13 −0 =0 | Ahead of Adolf Albin, Jackson Showalter and a newcomer called Harry Nelson Pillsbury. |
1895 | Hastings | 3rd | 15½/21 | +14 −4 =3 | Behind Pillsbury and Mikhail Chigorin; ahead of Siegbert Tarrasch, Wilhelm Steinitz and the rest of a strong field. |
1895/96 | St. Petersburg | 1st | 11½/18 | +8 −3 =7 | A Quadrangular tournament; ahead of Steinitz (by two points), Pillsbury and Chigorin. |
1896 | Nuremberg | 1st | 13½/18 | +12 −3 =3 | Ahead of Géza Maróczy, Pillsbury, Tarrasch, Dawid Janowski, Steinitz and the rest of a strong field. |
1899 | London | 1st | 23½/28 | +20 −1 =7 | Ahead of Janowski, Pillsbury, Maróczy, Carl Schlechter, Blackburne, Chigorin and several other strong players. |
1900 | Paris | 1st | 14½/16 | +14 −1 =1 | Ahead of Pillsbury (by two points), Frank James Marshall, Maróczy, Burn, Chigorin and several others. |
1904 | Cambridge Springs | 2nd = | 11/15 | +9 −2 =4 | Tied with Janowski; two points behind Marshall; ahead of Georg Marco, Showalter, Schlechter, Chigorin, Jacques Mieses, Pillsbury and others. |
1906 | Trenton Falls | 1st | 5/6 | +4 −0 =2 | A Quadrangular tournament; ahead of Curt, Albert Fox and Raubitschek. |
1909 | St. Petersburg | 1st = | 14½/18 | +13 −2 =3 | Tied with Akiba Rubinstein; ahead of Oldřich Duras and Rudolf Spielmann (by 3½ points), Ossip Bernstein, Richard Teichmann and several other strong players. |
1914 | St. Petersburg | 1st | 13½/18 | +10 −1 =7 | Ahead of José Raúl Capablanca, Alexander Alekhine, Tarrasch and Marshall. This tournament had an unusual structure: there was a preliminary tournament in which eleven players played each other player once; the top five players then played a separate final tournament in which each player who made the "cut" played the other finalists twice; but their scores from the preliminary tournament were carried forward. Even the preliminary tournament would now be considered a "super-tournament". Capablanca "won" the preliminary tournament by 1½ points without losing a game, but Lasker achieved a plus score against all his opponents in the final tournament and finished with a combined score ½ point ahead of Capablanca's. |
1918 | Berlin | 1st | 4½/6 | +3 −0 =3 | Quadrangular tournament. Ahead of Rubinstein, Schlechter and Tarrasch. |
1923 | Moravská Ostrava | 1st | 10½/13 | +8 −0 =5 | Ahead of Richard Réti, Ernst Grünfeld, Alexey Selezniev, Savielly Tartakower, Max Euwe and other strong players. |
1924 | New York City | 1st | 16/20 | +13 −1 =6 | Ahead of Capablanca (by 1½ points), Alekhine, Marshall, and the rest of a very strong field. |
1925 | Moscow | 2nd | 14/20 | +10 −2 =8 | Behind Efim Bogoljubow; ahead of Capablanca, Marshall, Tartakower, Carlos Torre, other strong non-Soviet players and the leading Soviet players. |
1934 | Zürich | 5th | 10/15 | +9 −4 =2 | Behind Alekhine, Euwe, Salo Flohr and Bogoljubow; ahead of Bernstein, Aron Nimzowitsch, Gideon Ståhlberg and various others. |
1935 | Moscow | 3rd | 12½/19 | +6 −0 =13 | half a point behind Mikhail Botvinnik and Flohr; ahead of Capablanca, Spielmann, Ilya Kan, Grigory Levenfish, Andor Lilienthal, Viacheslav Ragozin and others. Emanuel Lasker was about 67 years old at the time. |
1936 | Moscow | 6th | 8/18 | +3 −5 =10 | Capablanca won. |
1936 | Nottingham | 7–8th | 8½/14 | +6 −3 =5 | Capablanca and Botvinnik tied for first place. |
نتائج المباريات
Here are Lasker's results in matches. The first "Score" column gives the number of points on the total possible. In the second "Score" column, "+" indicates the number of won games, "−" the number of losses, and "=" the number of draws.
Date | Opponent | Result | Location | Score | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1889 | E.R. von Feyerfeil | Won | Breslau | 1−0 | +1 −0 =0 | Play-off match |
1889/90 | Curt von Bardeleben | Won | Berlin | 2½−1½ | +2 −1 =1 | |
1889/90 | Jacques Mieses | Won | Leipzig | 6½−1½ | +5 −0 =3 | |
1890 | Berthold Lasker | Drew | Berlin | ½−½ | +0 −0 =1 | Play-off match |
1890 | Henry Edward Bird | Won | Liverpool | 8½−3½ | +7 −2 =3 | |
1890 | N.T. Miniati | Won | Manchester | 4−1 | +3 −0 =2 | |
1890 | Berthold Englisch | Won | Vienna | 3½−1½ | +2 −0 =3 | |
1891 | Francis Joseph Lee | Won | London | 1½−½ | +1 −0 =1 | |
1892 | Joseph Henry Blackburne | Won | London | 8−2 | +6 −0 =4 | |
1892 | Bird | Won | Newcastle upon Tyne | 5−0 | +5 −0 =0 | |
1892/93 | Jackson Showalter | Won | Logansport and Kokomo, Indiana | 7−3 | +6 −2 =2 | |
1893 | Celso Golmayo Zúpide | Won | Havana | 2½−½ | +2 −0 =1 | |
1893 | Andrés Clemente Vázquez | Won | Havana | 3−0 | +3 −0 =0 | |
1893 | A. Ponce | Won | Havana | 2−0 | +2 −0 =0 | |
1893 | Alfred Ettlinger | Won | New York City | 5−0 | +5 −0 =0 | |
1894 | Wilhelm Steinitz | Won | New York, Philadelphia, Montreal | 12−7 | +10 −5 =4 | World Championship match |
1896/97 | Steinitz | Won | Moscow | 12½−4½ | +10 −2 =5 | World Championship match |
1901 | Dawid Janowski | Won | Manchester | 1½−½ | +1 −0 =1 | |
1903 | Mikhail Chigorin | Lost | Brighton | 2½−3½ | +1 −2 =3 | Rice Gambit match |
1907 | Frank James Marshall | Won | New York, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Chicago, Memphis |
11½−3½ | +8 −0 =7 | World Championship match |
1908 | Siegbert Tarrasch | Won | Düsseldorf, Munich | 10½−5½ | +8 −3 =5 | World Championship match |
1908 | Abraham Speijer | Won | Amsterdam | 2½−½ | +2 −0 =1 | |
1909 | Janowski | Drew | Paris | 2−2 | +2 −2 =0 | Exhibition match |
1909 | Janowski | Won | Paris | 8−2 | +7 −1 =2 | |
1910 | Carl Schlechter | Drew | Vienna−Berlin | 5−5 | +1 −1 =8 | World Championship match |
1910 | Janowski | Won | Berlin | 9½−1½ | +8 −0 =3 | World Championship match |
1914 | Ossip Bernstein | Drew | Moscow | 1−1 | +1 −1 =0 | Exhibition match |
1916 | Tarrasch | Won | Berlin | 5½−½ | +5 −0 =1 | |
1921 | José Raúl Capablanca | Lost | Havana | 5−9 | +0 −4 =10 | lost World Championship |
1940 | Frank James Marshall | Lost | New York | ½−1½ | +0 −1 =1 | exhibition match |
انظر أيضاً
- List of mathematicians who studied chess
الهامش
- ^ "I tornei di scacchi dal 1880 al 1899". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ Bill Wall. "Dr. Emanuel Lasker (1868-1941)". GeoCities.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-16. Retrieved 2007-08-03.
- ^ "I tornei di scacchi dal 1900 al 1909". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ "I tornei di scacchi dal 1910 al 1919". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ "I tornei di scacchi dal 1920 al 1929". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ "I tornei di scacchi dal 1930 al 1939". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ "London 1883 and 1899". Endgame.nl. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ Gillam, A.J. (2008). . The Chess Player. ISBN . Retrieved 2008-11-23.
- ^ "I matches 1880/99". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ Select the "Career details" option at Jeff Sonas. "Chessmetrics Player Profile: Emanuel Lasker (career details)". Chessmetrics.com. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
- ^ "I matches 1900/14". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
- ^ "I matches 1915/29". La grande storia degli scacchi. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
للاستزادة
- Chernev, Irving (1995). Twelve Great Chess Players and Their Best Games. New York: Dover. pp. 143–162. ISBN .
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Hannak, J. (1952, reprinted by Dover, 1991). Emanuel Lasker: The Life of a Chess Master. New York: Dover. ISBN . Check date values in:
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(help) - Kasparov, Garry (2003). My Great Predecessors, part I. Everyman Chess. ISBN .
- Soltis, Andrew (2005). Why Lasker Matters. Batsford. ISBN .
- Whyld, Ken (1998). The Collected Games of Emanuel Lasker. The Chess Player.
- Winter, Edward (1981). World chess champions. Oxford. ISBN .
وصلات خارجية
مشاع الفهم فيه ميديا متعلقة بموضوع Emanuel Lasker. |
- "Emanuel Lasker Society". Lasker-gesellschaft.de.
- نطقب:Chessgames player
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "ايمانويل لاسكر", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
- ايمانويل لاسكر at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- "About Lasca – a little-known abstract game". Human–Computer Interface Research.
- Hans Kmoch. "Grandmasters I have known" (PDF). ChessCafe.com.
- Tryfon Gavriel, Janet Edwardson. "Biography of Emanuel Lasker". Barnet chess club.
- "Lasker's Chess Magazine, January 1905 edition, excerpts". 100bestwebsites.org.
- Jacobs, Joseph; Porter, A. (1901–1906). "Lasker, Emanuel". In Singer, Isidore (ed.). Jewish Encyclopedia. 7. pp. 622–3. Retrieved 2008-11-21.
إنجـازات | ||
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سبقه Wilhelm Steinitz |
World Chess Champion 1894–1921 |
تبعه José Raúl Capablanca |
نطقب:WPCBIndex