2002
► | قرن 20 | << قرن 21 >> | قرن 22 | ◄
► | عقد 1970 | عقد 1980 | عقد 1990 | << عقد 2000 >> | عقد 2010 | عقد 2020 | عقد 2030 | ◄
► | ► | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | << 2002 >> | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | ◄ | ◄
| | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 2002
| الألفية: | الألفية 3 |
|---|---|
| القرون: | القرن 20 - القرن 21 - القرن 22 |
| العقود: | عقد 1970 عقد 1980 عقد 1990 - عقد 2000 - عقد 2010 عقد 2020 عقد 2030 |
| السنوات: | 1999 2000 2001 - 2002 - 2003 2004 2005 |
| 2002 حسب الموضوع: |
| أخبار حسب الشهر |
|
يناير – فبراير – مارس – أبريل – مايو– يونيو يوليو– أغسطس – سبتمبر – أكتوبر – نوفمبر – ديسمبر |
| الفنون |
| العمارة – الفن – القصص المصورة – السينما – الصوت والصورة – الأدب (الشعر) – الموسيقى (موسيقى الريف، الهيڤي ميتال، الموسيقى العربية) – الإذاعة – التلفزيون – ألعاب الصوت والصورة |
| السياسة |
| الانتخابات – قادة دوليون – السياسة – قادة الدول – الدول المستقلة |
| العلوم والتكنولوجيا |
| الآثار – الطيران – فهم الطيور – فهم الأرصاد الجوية – فهم الأحياء القديمة – النقل بالسكك الحديدية – العلوم – رحلات الفضاء |
| الرياضة |
| الرياضة – ألعاب القوى (المضمار الميدان) – كرة السلة – كرة القدم – كرة اليد – الكرة الطائرة – الكريكت – هوكي الجليد – Motorsport – التنس – دوري الرگبي – اتحاد الرگبي |
| حسب المكان |
| الجزائر – الأرجنتين – أستراليا – بلجيكا - البرازيل – كندا – الصين – الدنمارك – إلسلڤادور – مصر – الاتحاد الاوروپي – فرنسا – جورجيا – ألمانيا – غانا – المجر – الهند – العراق – إيران – أيرلندا – إسرائيل – إيطاليا – اليابان – كنيا – ليتوانيا – لوكسمبورگ – ماليزيا – المكسيك – نيوزيلندا – النرويج – پاكستان – الأراضي الفلسطينية – الفلپين – پولندا – رومانيا – روسيا – سنغافورة – جنوب أفريقيا – كوريا الجنوبية – إسپانيا – سريلانكا – الإمارات المتحدة – المملكة المتحدة – الولايات المتحدة |
| موضوعات أخرى |
| جوائز – القانون – القادة الدينيون - الإنترنت |
| تصنيف المواليد والوفيات |
| مواليد – وفيات |
| تصنيفات تأسيسات وانحلالات |
| تأسيسات – انحلالات |
| تصنيفات أعمال وأطروحات |
| أعمال – أطروحات |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 2002 MMII |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 2755 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 1451 ԹՎ ՌՆԾԱ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 6752 |
| التقويم البهائي | 158–159 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 1409 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2952 |
| سنة العهد البريطاني | 50 إليز. 2 – 51 إليز. 2 |
| التقويم البوذي | 2546 |
| التقويم البورمي | 1364 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 7510–7511 |
| التقويم الصيني |
辛巳年 (المعدن الثعبان) 4698 أو4638 — إلى — 壬午年 (الماء الحصان) 4699 أو4639 |
| التقويم القبطي | 1718–1719 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 3168 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1994–1995 |
| التقويم العبري | 5762–5763 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 2058–2059 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1924–1925 |
| - كالي يوگا | 5103–5104 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 12002 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 1002–1003 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 1380–1381 |
| التقويم الهجري | 1422–1423 |
| التقويم الياباني |
Heisei 14 (平成１４年) |
| تقويم جوچى | 91 |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | الگريگوري ناقص 13 يوم |
| التقويم الكوري | 4335 |
| تقويم مينگوو |
جمهورية الصين 91 民國91年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 2545 |
| توقيت يونيكس | 1009843200–1041379199 |
 |
مشاع الفهم فيه ميديا متعلقة بموضوع 2002. |
سنة 2002 (MMII) كانت سنة بسيطة تبدأ يوم الثلاثاء (الرابط يعرض التقويم كاملاً) التقويم الگريگوري، السنة 2002nd بعد الميلاد (م)، السنة 2nd في الألفية 3، السنة 2nd في القرن 21، والسنة 3rd في عقد 2000.
2002 was designated as:
- International Year of Ecotourism
- International Year of Mountains
أحداث
January
-
1 يناير
- The Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially enters into force.
- The Euro is officially introduced in the Eurozone countries. The former currencies of all the countries that use the Euro ceased to be legal tender on February 28.
- 3 يناير – The Israeli Navy seizes a cargo ship trafficking 50 tons of weapons to the Palestinian National Authority.
- January 18 – The Sierra Leone Civil War comes to a conclusion with the defeat of the Revolutionary United Front by government forces.
February
- Februaryستة – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom celebrates her Golden Jubilee, marking 50 years since her accession to the British throne.
- February 8–24 – The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City, Utah.
- February 12 – The trial of Slobodan Milošević, the former President of Yugoslavia, begins at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague.
- February 19 – NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.
- February 22 – UNITA guerilla leader Jonas Savimbi is killed in clashes against government troops led by Angolan President José Eduardo dos Santos in Moxico Province, Angola. His death leads to the end of the Angolan Civil War on April 4.
March
- March 1 – The Envisat environmental satellite is launched, with its purpose being the recording of information on environmental change.
- March 27 – A Palestinian suicide bomber kills 30 people and injures 140 others at a hotel in Netanya, Israel, triggering Operation Defensive Shield, a large-scale counter-terrorism operation in the West Bank, two days later.
April
- April 2 – Israeli forces besiege the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, when militants took shelter there. The siege would last for 38 days.
- April 15 – Air China Flight 129 crashes into a hillside during heavy rain and fog near Busan, South Korea, killing 129 people.
- April 25 – South African Mark Shuttleworth blasts off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on the Soyuz TM-34, becoming the first African space tourist.
May
- May ثلاثة – Sam Raimi's Spider-Man (2002 film) hits the big screen and become the highest grossing film all time. Also making a superhero film reach successful at the box office.
- May 20 – East Timor regains its independence after 26 years of occupation by Indonesia since 1975.
- May 24 – In Moscow, United States President George W. Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin sign the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty to replace the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972 and the START II Treaty of 1993.
- May 31 – June 30 – The 2002 FIFA World Cup begins in South Korea and Japan; which is won by Brazil.
June
- Juneستة – An object with an estimated diameter ofعشرة meters collides with Earth over the Mediterranean and detonates in mid-air.
- Juneعشرة – The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of two humans, is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.
- June 24 – A passenger train collides with a freight train in Dodoma Region, Tanzania, killing 281 people, making it the worst rail accident in African history.
July
-
July 1
- The Rome Statute comes into force, thereby establishing the International Criminal Court.
- A Russian passenger jet and cargo plane collide over the town of Überlingen, Germany, killing 71 people.
- Julyتسعة – The Organization of African Unity is disbanded and replaced by the African Union.
- 14 يوليو- ظهور البرنامج VBZooM
سلڤا كير ميارديت (يمين) يصافح غازي صلاح الدين عتباني ويقف بينهما الرئيس الكيني دانيال أراپ موي، في 20 يوليو2002، إثر التوفيع على پروتوكول مشاكوس.
- 20 يوليو- حكومة السودان والحركة الشعبية لتحرير السودان تسقطان في ماشاكوس، كنيا پروتوكول مشاكوس إلى إطار لمباحثات إحلال السلام وإنهاء الحرب الدائرة جنوب السودان منذ عام 1982.
August
- August 26 – Earth Summit 2002 begins in Johannesburg, South Africa, aimed at discussing sustainable development by the United Nations.
September
- 10 سبتمبر - سويسرا تنضم إلى الأمم المتحدة لتصبح العضورقم 190، بعد حتى رفضت عمل ذلك في 1986.
- September 19 – General Robert Guéï leads an army mutiny in an attempt to overthrow Ivory Coast President Laurent Gbagbo, plunging the country in to civil war.
- September 25 – The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact, occurs in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia.
- September 26 – The Senegalese passenger ferry Joola capsizes in a storm off the coast of the Gambia, killing 1,863 people.
- September 27 – East Timor is admitted to the United Nations as the 191st member state.
October
- October 12 – Jemaah Islamiyah militants detonate multiple bombs in two nightclubs in Kuta, Indonesia, killing 202 people and injuring over 300 in the worst terrorist act in Indonesia's history.
- October 23–25 – Chechen rebels take control of the Nord-Ost theatre in Moscow and hold the audience hostage. At least 170 people are killed following a Russian attempt to subdue the militants.
November
- Novemberسبعة – A sovereignty referendum is held in Gibraltar. The people reject Spanish sovereignty.
- Novemberثمانية – The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopts Resolution 1441, forcing Iraq to either disarm or face "serious consequences". Iraq agrees to the terms of the resolution on November 13.
- November 25 – U.S. President George W. Bush signs the Homeland Security Act into law, establishing the Department of Homeland Security, in the largest U.S. government reorganization since the creation of the Department of Defense in 1947.
December
- December 23 – A U.S. MQ-1 Predator is shot down by an Iraqi MiG-25 in the first combat engagement between a drone and conventional aircraft.
Births
- Februaryخمسة – Davis Cleveland, American child actor
- Aprilثمانية – Skai Jackson, American actress
- Mayستة – Emily Alyn Lind, American child actress
- July 22 – Prince Felix of Denmark, Prince of Denmark
-
September 30
- Levi Miller, Australian actor
- Maddie Ziegler, American dancer
- Octoberستة – Cleopatra Stratan, Moldovan child singer
وفيات
January
Cyrus Vance
Astrid Lindgren
- Januaryثمانية – Alexander Prokhorov, Russian Nobel physicist (و. 1916)
- January 12 – Cyrus Vance, American politician, 59th United States Secretary of State (و. 1917)
- January 17 – Camilo José Cela, Spanish writer (و. 1916)
- January 19 – Vavá, Brazilian footballer (و. 1934)
- January 22 – Peggy Lee, American singer and actress (و. 1920)
-
January 23
- Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (و. 1930)
- Robert Nozick, American philosopher (و. 1938)
- January 28 – Astrid Lindgren, Swedish children's book author (و. 1907)
February
Princess Margaret
- 1 فبراير – Hildegard Knef, German actress (و. 1925)
- February أربعة – Count Sigvard Bernadotte of Wisborg (و. 1907)
- Februaryستة – Max Perutz, Austrian-born Nobel molecular biologist (و. 1914)
- Februaryتسعة – Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (و. 1930)
- Februaryعشرة – Traudl Junge, German private secretary of Adolf Hitler (و. 1920)
- February 13 – Waylon Jennings, American country music singer (و. 1937)
- February 14 – Nándor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer (و. 1922)
- February 15 – Kevin Smith, New Zealand actor (و. 1963)
-
February 22
- Chuck Jones, American animator (و. 1912)
- Jonas Savimbi, Angolan rebel and political leader (و. 1934)
March
Dudley Moore
- March 11 – James Tobin, American Nobel economist (و. 1918)
- March 12 – Spyros Kyprianou, 2nd President of Cyprus (و. 1932)
- March 13 – Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher (و. 1900)
- March 20 – Ibn al-Khattab, Saudi guerrilla (و. 1969)
- March 24 – César Milstein, Argentine Nobel biochemist (و. 1927)
-
March 27
- Dudley Moore, English pianist, comedian, and actor (و. 1935)
- Billy Wilder, Polish-American film screenwriter and director (و. 1906)
- March 30 – Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, queen consort of the United Kingdom (و. 1900)
April
Thor Heyerdahl
- April 1 – Simo Häyhä, Finnish sniper (و. 1905)
- Aprilخمسة – Layne Staley, American singer (Alice in Chains) (و. 1967)
- Aprilثمانية – María Félix, Mexican actress (و. 1914)
-
April 16
- Ramiro de León Carpio, 31st President of Guatemala (و. 1942)
- Robert Urich, American actor (و. 1946)
- April 18 – Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer (و. 1914)
- April 22 – Linda Lovelace, American pornographic actress (و. 1949)
- April 25 – Lisa Lopes, American rapper (TLC) (و. 1971)
- April 27 – George Alec Effinger, American author (و. 1947)
May
Pim Fortuyn
- Mayخمسة – Hugo Banzer, Bolivian politician, 62nd and 75th President of Bolivia (و. 1926)
- Mayستة – Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician, author and professor (و. 1948)
- May 11 – Joseph Bonanno, Italian-born gangster (و. 1905)
- May 13 – Valeriy Lobanovskyi, Ukrainian football manager (و. 1939)
- May 17 – László Kubala, Hungarian footballer (و. 1927)
- May 19 – John Gorton, Australian politician, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (و. 1911)
- May 20 – Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist and author (و. 1941)
- May 21 – Niki de Saint Phalle, French artist (و. 1930)
- May 26 – Mamo Wolde, Ethiopian runner (و. 1932)
June
Fernando Belaúnde Terry
Dee Dee Ramone
- June أربعة – Fernando Belaúnde Terry, Peruvian politician, 85th and 88th President of Peru (و. 1912)
- Juneخمسة – Dee Dee Ramone, American bassist (و. 1951)
- Juneسبعة – Lilian, Princess of Réthy, Belgian princess (و. 1916)
- Juneعشرة – John Gotti, American gangster (و. 1940)
- June 15 – Choi Hong Hi, Korean martial artist (و. 1918)
- June 24 – Pierre Werner, Luxembourgian politician, 19th and 21st Prime Minister of Luxembourg (و. 1913)
- June 27 – John Entwistle, English bassist (The Who) (و. 1944)
- June 29 – Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (و. 1928)
July
Rod Steiger
Joaquín Balaguer
- July 2 – Ray Brown, American bassist (و. 1926)
-
July 5
- Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (و. 1924)
- Ted Williams, American baseball player (و. 1918)
-
July 6
- Dhirubhai Ambani, Indian businessman (و. 1932)
- John Frankenheimer, American film director (و. 1930)
- Julyتسعة – Rod Steiger, American actor (و. 1925)
- July 13 – Yousuf Karsh, Turkish-born photographer (و. 1908)
- July 14 – Joaquín Balaguer, Dominican politician, 41st, 45th and 49th President of the Dominican Republic (و. 1906)
- July 16 – John Cocke, American computer scientist (و. 1925)
- July 17 – Joseph Luns, Dutch politician and diplomat, 5th Secretary General of NATO (و. 1911)
- July 19 – Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (و. 1915)
- July 23 – Chaim Potok, American author and rabbi (و. 1929)
- July 28 – Archer John Porter Martin, English Nobel chemist (و. 1910)
August
Edsger W. Dijkstra
- Augustستة – Edsger W. Dijkstra, Dutch computer scientist (و. 1930)
- 16 أغسطس - المناضل الفلسطيني محمد صبري البنا المعروف بأبونضال.
-
August 31
- Lionel Hampton, American musician (و. 1908)
- George Porter, English Nobel chemist (و. 1920)
September
- September 11 – Kim Hunter, American actress (و. 1922)
- September 18 – Bob Hayes, American athlete (و. 1942)
- September 19 – Robert Guéï, Ivorian military ruler (و. 1941)
October
- Octoberستة – Prince Claus of the Netherlands, prince consort of the Netherlands (و. 1926)
- Octoberتسعة – Aileen Wuornos, American serial killer (و. 1956)
- October 12 – Ray Conniff, American musician and bandleader (و. 1916)
- October 13 – Stephen Ambrose, American historian and biographer (و. 1936)
- October 18 – Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Russian cosmonaut (و. 1932)
- October 25 – Richard Harris, Irish actor (و. 1930)
- October 30 – Jam Master Jay, American Hip-Hop DJ (و. 1965)
- October 31 – Michail Stasinopoulos, 1st President of Greece (و. 1903)
November
James Coburn
- November 12 – Károly Doncsecz, Slovenian potter (و. 1918)
- November 15 – Sohn Kee-Chung, Korean Olympic athlete (و. 1912)
- November 17 – Abba Eban, Israeli politician and diplomat, 3rd Foreign Minister of Israel (و. 1915)
- November 18 – James Coburn, American actor (و. 1928)
- November 24 – John Rawls, American political theorist (و. 1921)
December
- December ثلاثة – Glenn Quinn, Irish actor (و. 1970)
- Decemberخمسة – Ne Win, Burmese military commander, 4th President of Burma (و. 1910)
-
December 22
- Desmond Hoyte, Guyanese politician, 3rd Prime Minister and 4th President of Guyana (و. 1929)
- Joe Strummer, British musician (The Clash) (و. 1952)
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich
- Economics – Daniel Kahneman and Vernon L. Smith
- Literature – Imre Kertész
- Peace – Jimmy Carter
- Physics – Raymond Davis Jr. and Masatoshi Koshiba, Riccardo Giacconi
- Physiology or Medicine – Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz, and John E. Sulston
See also
المراجع
- ^ Bora, Kukil (2014-12-08). "Russia To Conduct Observation Flight Over US Under Open Skies Treaty". International Business Times. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Celebrations as euro hits the streets". BBC News. 2002-01-01. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "The euro becomes the sole legal tender in all euro area countries". European Central Bank (in الإنجليزية). 2002-02-28. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Weapons ship mystery deepens". BBC News. 2002-01-10. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Momodu, Samuel. "The Sierra Leone Civil War (1991–2002) | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed". Black Past (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Queen helps CBC TV mark 50th anniversary". CBC. 2002-10-11. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "Salt Lake City 2002 Winter Olympics - results & video highlights". International Olympic Committee. 2016-10-13. Retrieved 2016-12-10.
- ^ "The Trial of Slobodan Milosevic". The New York Times. 2002-02-11. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Long, Tony (2002-01-19). "Odyssey Turns Its Cameras on Mars". Wired (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ ". BBC News. 2002-02-25. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ Butcher, Tim (2002-04-05). "Unita signs peace treaty with Angolan army to end 27-year civil war". The Telegraph (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "New satellite will monitor global warming". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية). 2002-03-01. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Friedman, Matti (2012-03-27). "Ten years after Passover blast, survivors return to Park Hotel". The Times of Israel (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Whitaker, Brian (2002-08-02). "UN report details West Bank wreckage". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Guardia, Anton La (2002-04-04). "Bloody siege of Bethlehem". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ Grace, Francie (April 16, 2002). "Search Continues At Korean Crash Site". CBS News. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ ". BBC News. 2002-05-28. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "East Timor celebrates as a nation is born". The Age. 2002-05-20. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Bush, Putin sign arms deal". CNN. 2002-05-24. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Murray, Scott (2002-05-31). "The opening ceremony: as it happened". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Brazil crowned world champions". BBC News. 2002-06-30. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Bosker, A.J. (2002-09-17). "Near-Earth Objects Pose Threat, General Says". Space Daily. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ Giaimo, Cara (2015-06-10). "Nervous System Hookup Leads to Telepathic Hand-Holding". Atlas Obscura (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Hancock, David (2002-06-24). "200 Dead In Tanzania Train Wreck". CBS News. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "US renounces world court treaty". BBC News. 2002-05-06. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Information regarding the air accident at Überlingen on 1 July 2002". 2009-11-10. Archived from the original on 2009-11-10. Retrieved 2016-06-04. CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
- ^ "African Union replaces dictators' club". BBC News. 2002-07-08. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ Shah, Anup (2002-09-07). "World Summit on Sustainable Development". Global Issues (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "With Admission of Switzerland, United Nations Family Now Numbers 190 Member States". United Nations (in الإنجليزية). 2002-09-10. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Ivory Coast: Turmoil in a troubled country". CBC News (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Alfred, Randy (2009-09-25). "Mysterious Meteorite Dazzles Siberia". Wired. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "Senegal Marks Anniversary of Ferry Disaster Amid Court Cases". Voice of America. 2009-11-01. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "Unanimous Assembly Decision Makes 191st United Nations Member State". United Nations. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "Bali death toll set at 202". BBC News. 2003-02-19. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ Steele, Nick Paton Walsh Jonathan (2002-10-23). "Chechen gunmen storm Moscow theatre". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Daly, Emma (2002-11-08). "Gibraltar Rejects Power-Sharing Between Britain and Spain". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ "Iraq Weapons Inspections Fast Facts". CNN. 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ "Bush signs landmark security act". BBC News. 2002-11-25. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
- ^ Tran, Mark; agencies (2002-12-23). "Iraqi fighters shot down drone, says US". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
وصلات خارجية
- 2002 Year-End Google Zeitgeist – Google's Yearly List of Major Events and Top Searches for 2002
- Top Stories of 2002 - CNN
- Year in Review - Netscape
ru-sib:2002
