كوماك سي919
| كوماك سي919 Comac C919 | |
|---|---|
| نموذج لطائرة كوماك سي919. | |
| الوظيفة | طائرة نفاثة |
| بلد الأصل | الصين |
| المـُصـَنـِّـع | كوماك |
| صممها | Comac |
| أول تحليق | 5 May 2017 |
| التقديم | مزمع في 2021 مع China Eastern Airlines |
| الوضع | Flight testing |
| العدد المبني | 6 حتى ديسمبر 2019 |
| قيمة البرنامج | المعلن: 9.5 بليون دولار، المتسقط: 20+ بليون دولار |
كوماك سي919 Comac C919، هي طائرة ضيقة البدن ذات 168-190 مقعد تنشئها شركة الطائرات التجارية الصينية (Comac). The development programme was launched in 2008, production of the prototype began in December 2011, it rolled out on 2 November 2015 and the aircraft's maiden flight was onخمسة May 2017. Its first commercial deliveries are expected in 2021 to China Eastern Airlines. The aircraft, primarily constructed with aluminium alloys, is to be powered by either CFM International LEAP or ACAE CJ-1000A turbofan engines, and be able to carry 156 to 168 passengers in a normal operating configuration up to 5,555 km (3000 nmi). It is intended to compete primarily with the Boeing 737 MAX and Airbus A320neo. اعتبارا من 31 أغسطس 2018[تحديث], Comac has 1008 commitments including 305 firm orders, mostly from Chinese leasing companies or airlines, with the exception of GE.
التصميم
الأنظمة
المحركات
السوق
In 2012 the C919 order book stood at 380 units worth US$26 billion, and averaging $68.4 million. FlightGlobal's Ascend market values in 2013 were $49.2 million for the Airbus A320neo, 51% less than its $100.2 million list price and $51.4 million for the Boeing 737 MAX-8, 49% less than its $100.5 million list price. In June 2015, the China National Radio predicted a $50 million price, cheaper than the B737 or A320 list prices.
The Chinese airlines that have placed orders for the C919 already have either the Boeing 737 or Airbus A320 in their fleets. In 2013, Chinese state-owned newspaper Global Times complained that an Aviation Week editorial about the bleak prospects for the aircraft "maliciously disparaged the future outlook for the C919".
COMAC aims to take a fifth of the global narrowbody market and a third of the Chinese market by 2035. It expects 2,000 sales in the next 20 years. China considers it as a source of national pride. The Financial Times states the C919 is outdated by 10–15 years compared to the latest versions of the A320 and Boeing 737, and will probably cost more to operate. Its range of 2,200–3,000 nmi (4,100–5,600 kم) falls short of the 3,400 and 3,550 nmi (6,300 and 6,570 kم) of the A320neo and 737 Max 8, the C919 payload-range and economics are similar to the current single-aisles, but it will compete with the Neo and Max. FlightGlobal forecasts 1,209 deliveries: 687 standard and 522 stretched variants, for 85% in China.
الموردون
| النظام/التجهيز | المورد | البلد |
|---|---|---|
| Fuselage - nose section (cone) | Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co. Ltd. | الصين |
| Fuselage - forward & aft (barrels) | Jiangxi Hongdu Aviation Industry (Group) Corporation Ltd. | الصين |
| Empennage (Tail section) | Shenyang Aircraft Corporation | الصين |
| Fuselage mid section, wing boxes, spoilers, ailerons, flaps, and slats | Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation. | الصين |
| Turbofan Engines | CFM International Inc. (LEAP-X1C engine) | الولايات المتحدة/فرنسا |
| Engine nacelles and thrust reversers | Nexcelle | الولايات المتحدة/فرنسا |
| Engine exhaust systems | Nexcelle | الولايات المتحدة/فرنسا |
| Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) | Honeywell Aerospace (131-9(C9C) APU) | الولايات المتحدة |
| Electric power generation & distribution systems | Hamilton Sundstrand Electric Systems | الولايات المتحدة |
| Starter-generators | Honeywell Aerospace | الولايات المتحدة |
| Fuel and Inerting systems | Parker Aerospace, Electronic System Division | الولايات المتحدة |
| Fuel tank and inerting system | Parker Aerospace, Fluid System Division | الولايات المتحدة |
| Complete Hydraulic Systems | Parker Aerospace, Hydraulic Systems Division | الولايات المتحدة |
| Fly-by-wire flight control actuation system | Parker Aerospace, Control System Division | الولايات المتحدة |
| Horizontal Stabilizer Trim Actuator and control electronics | Parker Aerospace, Control System Division | الولايات المتحدة |
| Fuel and Hydraulic Conveyance System | Eaton Corporation | الولايات المتحدة |
| Integrated Fire and Protection System | Kidde Aerospace & Defense | الولايات المتحدة |
| Integrated Air Management Systems | Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS | فرنسا |
| العجلات، الإطارات، الفرامل | Honeywell Aerospace | الولايات المتحدة |
| Flight Management System | GE Aviation | الولايات المتحدة |
| Data Recorders and Maintenance System | GE Aviation | الولايات المتحدة |
الطلبيات
| Customer | Firm orders |
Options LOI/MOU |
All | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air China (Beijing) | 5 | 15 | 20 | 15 Nov 2010 |
| China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai | 5 | 15 | 20 | 15 Nov 2010 |
| China Southern Airlines, Guangzhou | 5 | 15 | 20 | 15 Nov 2010 |
| GE Capital Aviation Services (GECAS) + 13 Nov 2012 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 15 Nov 2010 |
| Hainan Airlines, Haikou, under Grand China Air | 15 | 5 | 20 | 15 Nov 2010 |
| ICBC Leasing, Beijing | 45 | 19 Oct 2011 | ||
| Sichuan Airlines | 20 | 21 Oct 2011 | ||
| BOCOMM Leasing, Shanghai | 30 | 23 Nov 2011 | ||
| China Aircraft Leasing Company (CALC), Hong Kong | 20 | 9 Dec 2011 | ||
| Bank of China – BOC Aviation | 20 | 14 Feb 2012 | ||
| China Development Bank Leasing Company, Beijing | 10 | 0 | 10 | 29 Jun 2012 |
| Agricultural Bank of China Financial Leasing | 45 | 2 Jul 2012 | ||
| China Construction Bank Financial Leasing | 26 | 24 | 50 | 19 Sep 2012 |
| Joy Air, Xi'an | 20 | 13 Nov 2012 | ||
| Hebei Airlines, Shijiazhuang | 20 | 13 Nov 2012 | ||
| Industrial Bank Co. Financial Leasing, Fuzhou | 20 | 29 Oct 2013 | ||
| China Merchants Bank Leasing | 0 | 30 (MOU) | 30 | 12 Nov 2014 |
| Hua Xia Bank Financial Leasing | 0 | 20 (LOI) | 20 | 30 Jan 2015 |
| Ping An Insurance Leasing, Shanghai | 0 | 50 | 50 | 17 Jun 2015 |
| 0 |
|
|
17 Jun 2015 | |
|
|
16 Sep 2015 | |||
| CITIC Group Financial Leasing | 18 | 18 | 36 | 1 Nov 2016 |
| Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Financial Leasing Co | 5 | 15 | 20 | 1 Nov 2016 |
| China Everbright Group Financial Leasing Co | 30 | 30 | 13 Jun 2017 | |
| China Nuclear E&C Group | 20 | 20 | 40 | 19 Sep 2017 |
| Huabao Leasing | 15 | 15 | 30 | 19 Sep 2017 |
| AVIC International Leasing | 15 | 15 | 30 | 19 Sep 2017 |
| Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) Financial Leasing | 20 | 10 | 30 | 19 Sep 2017 |
| ICBC Leasing, Beijing | 55 | 5 Dec 2017 | ||
| HNA Group | 200 | 2 Jun 2018 | ||
| Total | 305 | 703 | 1008 |
المواصفات
| Seats | 168 (1-class) / 158 (2-class) |
|---|---|
| Length | 38.9 m / 127.6 ft |
| Wingspan | 35.8 m / 117.5 ft |
| Height | 11.95 m / 39.2 ft |
| MTOW | 72,500 kg / 159,835 lb ER: 77,300 kg / 170,417 lb |
| Maximum payload | 20,400 kg / 45,000 lb |
| Maximum fuel | 19,560 kg / 43,122 lb |
| Empty weight | 42,100 kg / 92,815 lb |
| Turbofan (2x) | CFM International LEAP-1C |
| Thrust per engine | 31,000 رطلق (137.9 kن) |
| Cruise | ماخ 0.785 (450 عقدة; 834 كم/س) |
| Range | 4,075 km / 2,200 nm ER: 5,555 km / 3,000 nm |
| Approach speed | 135 عقدة (250 كم/س) |
| Takeoff | 2,000 م (6,600 قدم) ER: 2,200 م (7,200 قدم) |
| Landing | 1,600 م (5,200 قدم) |
انظر أيضا
- Comac ARJ21
طائرات شبيهة
- عائلة إيرباص إي 320
- عائلة بوينگ 737
- Bombardier CSeries
-
Irkut MS-21 series
قوائم ذات صلة
-
قائمة خطوط الطيران
المصادر
- ^ Greg Waldron (5 May 2017). "Comac C919 lands after uneventful maiden sortie". Flight Global.
-
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةReuters5feb2018 -
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةFlight1aug2019 -
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةFlight24oct2019 -
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةAvWeek16dec2013 - ^ "China names first jumbo jet C919, to take off inثمانية years". Xinhua News Agency.ستة March 2009. Retrieved 8 September 2009.
- ^ Lagorce, Aude (December 21, 2009). "Safran, GE win contract for engines to upcoming Chinese jet". MarketWatch. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
-
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةfb - ^ Yu Dawei and Liang Dongmei (18 December 2012). "Comac C919 Airliner Project Flying in the Dark". Caixin Online. China Aviation Daily.
- ^ Vincent Lamigeon (13 June 2013). "Le vrai prix des avions d'Airbus et de Boeing" (in الفرنسية). Challenges.fr. Archived from the original onتسعة April 2015.
- ^ Chloe Lyme (2 November 2015). "Superjet made-in-China: First look inside the C919 passenger plane as the country's home-made airliner makes its worldwide debut". Mail Online.
- ^ "COMAC C919, against Airbus and Boeing duopoly". Airlineberg. 19 May 2012. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012.
- ^ Joe Anselmo (18 July 2013). "China Newspaper Slams Aviation Week For 'Oppressive Scheme". Aviation Week.
- ^ Katie Cantle (5 May 2017). "COMAC launches C919 inaugural flight". Air Transport World. Aviation Week.
- ^ "What C919 means to China jet industry and domestic airlines". EJ Insight.خمسة May 2017.
- ^ "China's challenger to Airbus and Boeing set for skies at last". Financial Times. 29 April 2017..
- ^ Ben Bland (17 May 2017). "Chinese aviation finally takes off with help from the west". Financial Times.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةFlight26oct2018 - ^ Parker Aerospace, COMAC, and AVIC Systems Hold Contract Signing Ceremony for Fuel, Inerting, and Hydraulic Systems on New C919 Aircraft via PRNewswire April 14th, 2010
- ^ "Eaton enters China JV to help make C919 aircraft". MarketWatch. 12 July 2010. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
- ^ COMAC Selects Hamilton Sundstrand's Kidde Unit to Provide C919 Integrated Fire and Protection System
- ^ Bradley Perret (16 November 2010). "Hainan, Gecas To Be Among First Customers For C919". Aviation Week. Archived from the original on 16 November 2010.
- ^ "COMAC signs C919 Aircraft Purchase Agreement and MOU with domestic and foreign customers, making total C919 orders hit 380" (Press release). Comac. 13 November 2012.
- ^ "ICBC Financial Leasing Co., Ltd. signs the agreement of 45 C919 orders with COMAC" (Press release). 19 October 2011.
- ^ Cantle, Katie (21 October 2011). "Sichuan Airlines inks firm order for 20 C919s". Air Transport World. Aviation Week.
- ^ Toh, Mavis (23 November 2011). "Bank of Communications' leasing arm orders 30 C919s". Air Transport Intelligence. Flight Global.
- ^ Katie Cantle (9 December 2011). "China Aircraft Leasing orders 20 COMAC C919s". Air Transport World. Aviation Week.
- ^ "BOC Aviation Signs Launch Customer Agreement with Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China for 20 C919 Aircraft" (Press release). BOC Aviation. 14 February 2012.
- ^ Katie Cantle (29 June 2012). "China's ABC bank orders 45 C919s". Air Transport World. Aviation Week.
- ^ Hashim, Firdaus (2 July 2012). "China's ABC Leasing orders 45 C919s". Flight Global.
- ^ "CCB Financial Leasing orders 50 C919 passenger aircraft". 19 September 2012.
- ^ "400 orders for C919 show sky-high confidence". chinadaily.com.cn. 29 October 2013.
- ^ Katie Cantle (12 November 2014). "COMAC wins more orders for C919, ARJ21". Air Transport World. Aviation Week.
- ^ Toh, Mavis (30 January 2015). "Huaxia Financial Leasing signs LOI for 20 C919s". Flight Global.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةFG150615 - ^ "Lübeck, Germany files for insolvency – again". ch-aviation.ستة October 2015.
- ^ Mavis Toh (12 June 2017). "Long march ahead for China airliner exports". Flight Global.
- ^ Toh, Mavis (16 September 2015). "Thailand's City Airways signs forعشرة C919s,عشرة ARJ21s". Flight Global.
- ^ Toh, Mavis (1 November 2016). "Comac wins lessors' orders for 23 C919s". Flight Global.
- ^ Mavis Toh (13 June 2017). "Everbright Financial Leasing signs for 30 C919s". Flightglobal.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةReuters19sep2017 -
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةReuters5dec2017 -
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةReuters2jun2018 - ^ Daniel Tsang (19 April 2011). "COMAC C919 threat overblown". Aspire Aviation.
- ^ "Single-aisle commercial jets engines : LEAP-1C". Safran. June 2015.
وصلات خارجية
- Official website
- Jose Fuentes (June 2011). "Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (Comac) Attempts to Break the Airbus-Boeing Duopoly, Will It. Succeed? an industry analysis framework applied" (PDF). master of science in engineering and management thesis. MIT.
خطأ استشهاد: وسوم <ref> موجودة لمجموعة اسمها "lower-alpha"، ولكن لم يتم العثور على وسم <references group="lower-alpha"/> أوهناك وسم </ref> ناقص
