مسعود رجوي
مسعود رجوي (فارسية: مسعود رجوی، و. 15 أغسطس، 1948)، هورئيس المجلس الوطني للمقاومة في إيران وزعيم منظمة مجاهدي خلق الإيرانية، منظمة معارضة تعمل داخل وخارج إيران. أقام في إيران حتى 1981، ثم سافر إلى فرنسا، والعراق. منذ احتلال العراق في 2003، لم يظهر على العامة، ويعتقد أنه قام بارسال رسائل صوتيه لأتباعه.
حياته
درس القانون السياسي في جامعة طهران. التحق بمنظمة مجاهدي خلق وهوفي العشرين من عمره، أثناء دراسته القانون في جامعة طهران. ألقى الساڤاك (شرطة الشاه السرية) القبض عليه وسقط عليه عقوبة الإعدام. وبعد جهود شقيقه البروفسور كاظم رجوي، خففت العقوبة إلى السجن وأفرج عنه بعد ثورة 1979.
بالرغم من جهود شقيقه، منظمة العفوالدولية، اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر، وبعض الشخصيات الاوروبية مثل فرانسوا ميتران، فقد أغتيل كاظم رجوي في جنيف عام 1990 على يد عملاء النظام الإسلامي الإيراني.
كان قد أفرج عن مسعود رجوي قبل الثورة الإيرانية بثلاثة أسابيع. بعد خروجه تولى زعامة منظمة مجاهدي خلق. وتشكلت كما هي اليوم. وكان رجوي والمنظمة من6معارضي شاه إيران وساهموا في الثورة الإيرانية 1979.
في أعقاب الثورة الإيرانية عام 1979 واقصاء الشاه، سعة منظمة خلق بقوة إلى إرساء الديمقراطية في إيران. وبالرغم من نشأتها كمنظمة صغيرة – وبالنظر إلى حتى معظم أعضائها مسجونين أفرج عنهم عام 1979 – فقد نمت عضويتها بسرعة. However, the group's ideology, which was quite different from the Ayatollahs’ interpretation of Islam, clashed with Ayatollah Khomeini's government. By the time Iran’s first presidential election took place in January 1980, MEK had gathered significant support in Iran, including support from Jews and Kurds. Rajavi was one of the candidates for Iran's presidential elections; however before the final result of the election was announced, Ayatollah Khomeini ordered to omit Rajavi's name from the list of candidates. When Rajavi was barred from running for office, many Kurds, who widely supported Rajavi, also boycotted the election. In a speech in June 1980 at Tehran’s Amjadieh Stadium, Rajavi criticized the regime’s leaders, especially Ayattollah Khoimeini, about the suppression of liberties.
In 1981, when Ayatollah Khomeini dismissed President Bani Sadr and a new wave of arrests and executions started in the country, Rajavi and Bani Sadr flew to Paris from Tehran's airbase. In 1986 Rajavi moved to Iraq and set up a base on the Iranian border. According to the New York Times, MEK forces assisted Saddam in his 1991 campaign against the Kurds. The claim proved to be false when Mr. Hoshyar Zebari, a former leader in the Kurdish Democratic Party and now the foreign minister of Iraq, signed a document taken from a lawsuit in the Netherlands which specifically states that MEK never showed hostilities toward the Kurds, “we have not come across any evidence to suggest that the Mojahedin have exercised any hostility towards the people of Iraqi Kurdistan.”
On Nov 30, 2007 a British Court, The Proscribed Organisations Appeal Commission (POAC), ruled to the annulment of the terrorist designation and ordered the British government to remove PMOI from the terrorist list. On 23 January 2008, the European Council's Parliamentary Assembly, meeting in Strasbourg, backed a report attacking the methods used by the UN Security Council and the EU to blacklist individuals and groups suspected of having terrorist connections abuse basic rights and are "completely arbitrary". This issue covers the case of the PMOI. The US State Department, however, still classifies the MEK as a terrorist organization.
Following the American invasion of Iraq, Massoud Rajavi disappeared. No evidence has emerged as to his involvement in the radio messages he frequently sends to his followers. In his absence, Maryam Rajavi has assumed his responsibilities as leader of the MEK. As of 2005, over 300 members of the group had returned to Iran voluntarily and claimed asylum, ومع ذلك، لا يزال يعيش 3400 إنسان يعيشون في مخيم أشرف.
سفره للعراق
عام 1985، تلبية لدعوة رسمية من الحكومة العراقية، هجر رجوي فرنسا وتوجه للاقامة في العراق. واستقبله الرئيس السابق صدام حسين عند وصوله إلى العاصمة بغداد.
المصادر
- ^ SeeAbrahamian, supranote 291
- ^ See Hossein Abedini, Rafsanjani and His Hit Man, WASHINGTON TIMES, June 16, 2005.
- ^ SeeAbrahamian, supranote 363 at 146¬147, 183.
- ^ SeeAbrahamian, supranote 363 at 184.
- ^ Seegenerally, Abrahamian, supranote 363
- ^ SeeAbrahamian, supranote 363 at 198.
- ^ http://www.iacnorcal.com/Iranhistory.html
- ^ SeeAbstract, NEW YORK TIMES, Jan. 26, 1980 (1980 WLNR 272101).
- ^ Council on Foreign Relations, "Backgrounder: Mujahadeen-e-Khalq (Iranian Rebels)."
- ^ Rubin, Elizabeth. "The Cult of Rajavi." The New York Times, July 13, 2003.
- ^ SeeWright, supranote 455
- ^ "Christopher Booker: Iranians freed from ban". The Daily Telegraph. London. December 2, 2007. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
- ^ http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=paIran_fr12_Iran_opposition_blacklist&show_article=1&state=-1%7C0%7C0%7C0%7C0%7C0%7C0%7C1%7C0%7C0
- ^ http://euobserver.com/22/25123
- ^ "Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs)". US Department of State. 2005. Archived from the original on 2006-09-19. Retrieved 2006-09-22.
- ^ http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2010/08/26/117689.html
- ^ Angela Woodall (2005). "Group on U.S. terror list lobbies hard". United Press International. Retrieved 2007-07-19.
- ^ Smith, Craig S. (September 24, 2005). "An implacable opponent to the mullahs of Iran". The New York Times.
- ^ http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2010/08/26/117689.html
وصلات خارجية
- Official Website of the PMOI
- Website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI)
- Official Website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI) in Persian
- National Council of Resistance of Iran - Foreign Affairs Committee
| مناصب حزبية | ||
|---|---|---|
| سبقه لا أحد |
أمين عام منظمة مجاهدي خلق الإيرانية 1965-1989 |
تبعه مريم رجوي |
