سموم فطرية

السموم الفطرية mycotoxin (من اليونانية μύκης موكِس، "فِطر" وτοξικόν توكسيكون، "سم") هي مستقلبات ثانوية تنتجها عضيات مملكة الفطريات وهي قادرة على إحداث الأمراض والوفاة في جميع من البشر والحيوانات. التعبير 'mycotoxin' عادة ما يُحتجز للمنتجات الكيميائية السامة التي تنتجها الفطريات التي تستعمر المحاصيل. والنوع الواحد من العفن قد ينتج الكثير من السموم الفطرية المتنوعة، والكثير من الأنواع قد تنتج نفس السم الفطري.

الانتاج

Most fungi are aerobic (use oxygen) and are found almost everywhere in extremely small quantities due to the minute size of their spores. They consume organic matter wherever humidity and temperature are sufficient. Where conditions are right, fungi proliferate into colonies and mycotoxin levels become high. The reason for the production of mycotoxins is not yet known; they are not necessary for the growth or the development of the fungi. Because mycotoxins weaken the receiving host, the fungus may use them as a strategy to better the environment for further fungal proliferation. The production of toxins depends on the surrounding intrinsic and extrinsic environments and these substances vary greatly in their toxicity, depending on the organism infected and its susceptibility, metabolism, and defense mechanisms.

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الهامش

^ نطقب:OEtymD
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