سمولينسك
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Smolensk
Смоленск
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|---|---|---|---|
City | |||
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Smolensk railway station
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 Smolensk Smolensk | |||
| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: | |||
| البلد | روسيا | ||
| كيان فدرالي | Smolensk Oblast | ||
| Founded | 863 | ||
| الحكم | |||
| • الهيئة | Smolensk City Council | ||
| • Head | Vladimir Sovarenko | ||
| المساحة | |||
| • الإجمالية | 166٫35 كم² (64٫23 ميل²) | ||
| التعداد(تعداد 2010) | |||
| • الإجمالي | 326٬861 | ||
| • الترتيب | 54th in 2010 | ||
| • الكثافة | 2٬000/km2 (5٬100/sq mi) | ||
|
الوضع الاداري
| |||
| • Subordinated to | Smolensk Urban Okrug | ||
| • Capital of | Smolensk Oblast, Smolensky District | ||
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الوضع البلدي
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| • Urban okrug | Smolensk Urban Okrug | ||
| • العاصمة of | Smolensk Urban Okrug, Smolensky Municipal District | ||
| Postal code(s) | 214ХХХ | ||
| Dialing code(s) | +7 4812 | ||
| المسقط الإلكتروني | smoladmin.ru | ||
سمولينسك (روسية: Смоленск; النطق الروسي: [smɐˈlʲɛnsk] ( استمع), لتوانية: Smolenskas؛ بالإنگليزية: Smolensk) هي city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, 360 kiloمترs (1,180,000 ft) west-southwest of Moscow. Population: 325٬137 (تعداد 2002); 341٬483 (تعداد 1989).
The walled city in the center of Smolensk (along with the outskirts) was destroyed several times throughout its long history because it was on the invasion routes of both Napoleon and Hitler. Today, Smolensk is noted for electronics, textiles, food processing, and diamond faceting.
أصل الاسم
The name of the city is derived from the name of the Smolnya River.
المناخ
| بيانات مناخ سمولينسك | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °س (°ف) | 9.3 (48.7) |
9.0 (48.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
34.5 (94.1) |
37.2 (99) |
29.5 (85.1) |
24.8 (76.6) |
14.6 (58.3) |
9.8 (49.6) |
37٫2 (99) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | -3.8 (25.2) |
-3.4 (25.9) |
2.1 (35.8) |
11.2 (52.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.0 (69.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
9.0 (48.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
-2.8 (27) |
9٫4 (48٫9) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | -6.2 (20.8) |
-6.4 (20.5) |
-1.4 (29.5) |
6.3 (43.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
17.8 (64) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.9 (51.6) |
5.3 (41.5) |
-0.9 (30.4) |
-5.1 (22.8) |
5٫4 (41٫7) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | -8.9 (16) |
-9.6 (14.7) |
-4.9 (23.2) |
1.9 (35.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
10.9 (51.6) |
12.9 (55.2) |
11.5 (52.7) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.2 (36) |
-3.2 (26.2) |
-7.6 (18.3) |
1٫6 (34٫9) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | -37.9 (-36.2) |
-36.8 (-34.2) |
-28.1 (-18.6) |
-19.8 (-3.6) |
-5.4 (22.3) |
-0.7 (30.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
0.3 (32.5) |
-4.4 (24.1) |
-12.8 (9) |
-24.8 (-12.6) |
-35.2 (-31.4) |
-37٫9 (-36٫2) |
| هطول mm (inches) | 48 (1.89) |
42 (1.65) |
42 (1.65) |
38 (1.5) |
61 (2.4) |
87 (3.43) |
90 (3.54) |
85 (3.35) |
70 (2.76) |
66 (2.6) |
58 (2.28) |
51 (2.01) |
738 (29٫06) |
| % Humidity | 87 | 84 | 78 | 69 | 69 | 75 | 77 | 79 | 83 | 85 | 89 | 89 | 80 |
| Avg. rainy days | 9 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 15 | 11 | 169 |
| Avg. snowy days | 25 | 22 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 15 | 23 | 112 |
| Sunshine hours | 47 | 75 | 123 | 178 | 249 | 271 | 259 | 231 | 156 | 91 | 35 | 24 | 1٬739 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
Economy
Smolensk has several factories including the Smolensk Aviation Plant and several electronics and agricultural machinery factories.
Honors
Smolensk Strait between Livingston Island and Deception Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after the city.
See also
- Battle of Orsha
- Immaculate Conception Church, Smolensk
References
Notes
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةRef138 - ^
- ^ http://www.smolsovet.ru/
- ^ БД ПМО Смоленской области. Город Смоленск
-
^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1". Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012. Unknown parameter
|trans_title=ignored (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةRef223 - ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (بالروسية)
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). )". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved July 25, 2008. URL–wikilink conflict (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
-
^ )". Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. Retrieved December 13, 2007. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
|publisher=(help); URL–wikilink conflict (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Somlensk" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved April 11, 2016.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Smolensk Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 11, 2016.
- ^ Smolensk Strait. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
Sources
- نطقب:RussiaAdmMunRef/smo/admlist
- نطقب:RussiaBasicLawRef/smo/smolensk
Bibliography
- See also: Bibliography of the history of Smolensk
وصلات خارجية
- (بالروسية) Official website of Smolensk
- (بالروسية) Travel in Smolensk
- (بالروسية) Smolensk news
- (بالروسية) Smolensk Wiki
- (بالروسية) Homepage of the Smolensk fortress
- Some photos of the Smolensk fortress
- More photos of Smolensk
- Historic images of Smolensk
- (بالروسية) Basketball in Smolensk
- (بالروسية) News of Smolensk sport
- (بالروسية) News of Smolensk medicine
- The murder of the Jews of Smolensk during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.
Smolensk State Medical University
نطقب:Smolensk Oblast
