الأجانب المستسلمة
في الإمبراطورية الرومانية الأجانب المستسلمة dediticii، كانت احدى طبقات ثلاثة من العبيد المعتقوين libertini. ولم يكن الأجانب المستسلمون من العبيد ولا المواطنين ولا المعتوقين على الأقل في أواخر عصر اولپيان.
تشكلت حالتهم المدنية فيما يشبه الشعب المهزوم، الذي لازال يحتفظ بحريته بطريقة فردية، لكنه فقد وجوده السياسي كاملاً مجتمعياً. In the case of the Volsci, Livy inclines to the opinion that the four thousand who were sold, were slaves, and not dediti.
The Lex Aelia Sentia provided that, if a slave was put in bonds by his master as a punishment, or branded, or put to the torture for an offence and convicted, or delivered up to fight with wild beasts, or sent into a ludus (gladiatorius), or put in confinement (custodia), and then manumitted either by his then owner, or by another owner, he merely acquired the status of a peregrinus dediticius, and had not even the privileges of a Latinus. The peregrini dediticii were those who, in former times, had taken up arms against the Roman people, and being conquered, had surrendered themselves. They were, in fact, a people who were absolutely subdued, and yielded unconditionally to the conquerors, and, of course, had no other relation to Rome than that of subjects. The form of deditio occurs in Livy.
المراجع
- Long, George. 1875. "Dediticii". A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. William Smith, ed. (London: John Murray), p. 388.
