معهد هوڤر
| الشعار | Ideas defining a free society |
|---|---|
| التشكل | 1919 |
| النوع | Public policy think tank |
| المسقط |
|
| المدير | Thomas W. Gilligan |
| الدخل | $69,477,000 |
| النفقات | $59,910,000 |
| المسقط الإلكتروني | [{{#property:P856 {{#property:P856 ] |
معهد هوڤر Hoover Institution هومركز تفكر أمريكي للسياسات العامة ومعهد بحثي يقع في جامعة ستانفورد في كاليفورنيا. Its official name is the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. It began as a library founded in 1919 by Republican and Stanford alumnus Herbert Hoover, before he became President of the United States. The library, known as the Hoover Institution Library and Archives, houses multiple archives related to Hoover, World War I, World War II, and other world history. According to the 2016 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report (Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania), Hoover is نطقب:Numero (of 90) in the "Top Think Tanks in the United States".
The Hoover Institution is a unit of Stanford University but has its own board of overseers. It is located on the campus. Its mission statement outlines its basic tenets: representative government, private enterprise, peace, personal freedom, and the safeguards of the American system. The institution is generally described as conservative, although directors and others associated with it resist this description, saying that the institution is not partisan and that its goal is "to advance ideas of supporting freedom and free enterprise."
The institution has been a place of scholarship for individuals who previously held high-profile positions in government, such as George Shultz, Condoleezza Rice, Michael Boskin, Edward Lazear, John B. Taylor, Edwin Meese, and Amy Zegart—all Hoover Institution fellows. In 2007, retired U.S. Army General John P. Abizaid, former commander of the U.S. Central Command, was named the Institution's first annual Annenberg Distinguished Visiting Fellow. Current Secretary of Defense General James Mattis served as a research fellow at Hoover before being appointed by the Trump administration.
The institution is housed in four buildings on the Stanford campus. The most prominent facility is the landmark Hoover Tower, which is a popular visitor attraction. The tower features an observation deck on the top level that provides visitors with a panoramic view of the Stanford campus and surrounding area. Additionally, the institution has a branch office in the Johnson Center in Washington, DC.
التاريخ
The Institution was set up by Herbert Hoover, one of Stanford's first graduates, who would later become the 31st President of the United States. He had been in charge of American relief efforts in Europe after World War I. Hoover's express purpose was to collect the records of contemporary history as it was happening. Hoover's helpers frequently risked their lives to rescue documentary and rare printed material, especially from countries under Nazi or Communist rule. Their many successes included the papers of Rosa Luxemburg, the Goebbels Diaries, and the records of the Russian secret police in Paris. Research institutes were also set up under Hoover's influence, though inevitably there were to be clashes between the moving force, Hoover, and the host university.
In 1919, Hoover donated $50,000 to Stanford University to support the collection of primary materials related to World War I, a project that became known as the Hoover War Collection. Supported primarily by gifts from private donors, the Hoover War Collection flourished in its early years.
الأعضاء
In May 2018 the website of the Hoover Institution listed 198 fellows.
Below is a list of directors and some of the more prominent fellows, former and current.
المديرون
- Ephraim D. Adams, 1920–25
- Ralph H. Lutz, 1925–44
- Harold H. Fisher, 1944–52
- C. Easton Rothwell, 1952–59
- W. Glenn Campbell, 1960–89
- John Raisian, 1989–2015
- Thomas W. Gilligan, 2015–present
الزملاء الفخريون
- Margaret Thatcher, former prime minister of the United Kingdom (deceased)
الزملاء المتميزون
- George P. Shultz, former U.S. Secretary of State
كبار الزملاء
- Fouad Ajami, political scientist, former director of the Middle East Studies Program at Johns Hopkins University (deceased)
- Richard V. Allen, former U.S. National Security Advisor
- Martin Anderson, former advisor to Richard Nixon and author of The Federal Bulldozer (deceased)
- Robert Barro, economist
- Gary S. Becker, 1992 Nobel laureate in economics (deceased)
- Joseph Berger, theoretical sociologist
- Peter Berkowitz, political scientist
- Russell Berman, professor of German Studies and Comparative Literature
- Michael Boskin, chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers under President George H. W. Bush
- David W. Brady, political scientist
- Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, political scientist, professor at New York University
- John H. Cochrane, economist
- William Damon, professor of education
- Larry Diamond, political scientist, professor at Stanford University
- Sidney Drell, theoretical physicist
- Richard A. Epstein, legal scholar
- Niall Ferguson, historian, professor at Harvard University
- Chester E. Finn, Jr., professor of education
- Morris P. Fiorina, political scientist
- Milton Friedman, 1976 Nobel laureate in economics (deceased)
- Timothy Garton Ash, historian, columnist for The Guardian
- Jack Goldsmith, legal scholar
- Stephen Haber, economic historian and political scientist
- Robert Hall, economist
- Victor Davis Hanson, classicist, military historian, columnist
- Eric Hanushek, economist
- David R. Henderson, economist
- Caroline Hoxby, economist
- Bobby Ray Inman, retired admiral
- Ken Jowitt, historian
- Kenneth L. Judd, economist
- Daniel P. Kessler, scholar of health policy and health care finance
- Stephen D. Krasner, international relations professor
- Edward Lazear, economist
- Seymour Martin Lipset, political sociologist (deceased)
- Harvey Mansfield, political scientist
- Michael W. McConnell, legal scholar, former judge, professor at Stanford University
- Michael McFaul, political scientist, United States Ambassador to Russia
- Thomas Metzger, sinologist
- James C. Miller III, economist
- Terry M. Moe, professor of political science at Stanford University
- Kevin M. Murphy, economist
- Norman Naimark, historian
- Douglass North, 1993 Nobel laureate in economics (deceased)
- William J. Perry, former U.S. Secretary of Defense
- Paul E. Peterson, scholar on education reform
- Alvin Rabushka, political scientist
- Condoleezza Rice, former U.S. Secretary of State
- Henry Rowen, economist (deceased)
- Thomas J. Sargent, 2011 Nobel laureate in economics, professor at New York University
- Robert Service, historian
- John Shoven, economist
- Abraham David Sofaer, scholar, former legal advisor to the U.S. Secretary of State
- Thomas Sowell, economist, author, columnist
- Michael Spence, 2001 Nobel laureate in economics
- Richard F. Staar, political scientist, historian
- Shelby Steele, author, columnist
- John B. Taylor, former U.S. Undersecretary of the Treasury for international affairs
- Barry R. Weingast, political scientist
- Bertram Wolfe, author, scholar, former communist, (deceased; 1896–1977)
- Amy Zegart, political scientist
الزملاء الباحثون
- Clint Bolick, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Arizona
- Lanhee Chen, political scientist, health policy expert, former policy director for Mitt Romney
- Robert Conquest, historian (deceased)
- Williamson Evers, education researcher
- Charles Hill, lecturer in International Studies
- Tim Kane, economist
- Herbert S. Klein, historian
- Tod Lindberg, foreign policy expert
- Alice L. Miller, political scientist
- Shavit Matias, former deputy attorney general of Israel
- Abbas Milani, political scientist
- Henry I. Miller, physician
- Russell Roberts, economist, author
- Kori Schake, foreign policy expert, author
- Kiron Skinner, associate professor of international relations and political science, author
- Peter Schweizer, author (former fellow)
- Antony C. Sutton, author of Western Technology and Soviet Economic Development (3 vol), fellow from 1968 to 1973
- Bruce Thornton, American classicist
- Tunku Varadarajan, writer and journalist
Distinguished Visiting Fellows
- John Abizaid, former commander of the U.S. Central Command (former fellow)
- Spencer Abraham, former U.S. Senator and Secretary of Energy (former fellow)
- Arye Carmon, Founding President and Senior Fellow at the Israel Democracy Institute (IDI)
- James O. Ellis, former commander, United States Strategic Command
- James Goodby, author and former American diplomat
- Jim Hoagland, American journalist and two-time recipient of the Pulitzer Prize
- Toomas Hendrik Ilves, former President of Estonia
- Raymond Jeanloz, professor of earth and planetary science and of astronomy
- Josef Joffe, publisher-editor of the German newspaper Die Zeit
- Henry Kissinger, former United States Secretary of State in the administrations of presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford
- James Mattis, former commander, U.S. Central Command and current Secretary of Defense
- Allan H. Meltzer, American economist
- H.R. McMaster, former National Security Advisor and commander of the Maneuver Center of Excellence
- Edwin Meese, former U.S. Attorney General
- Sam Nunn, former United States Senator from Georgia
- Gary Roughead, former Chief of Naval Operations
- Donald Rumsfeld, former Secretary of Defense (former fellow)
- Christopher Stubbs, an experimental physicist
- William Suter, former Clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States
- Kevin Warsh, former governor of the Federal Reserve System
- Pete Wilson, former Governor of California
الزملاء الإعلاميون
- Tom Bethell, journalist
- Sam Dealey, journalist, editor-in-chief of Washington Times
- Christopher Hitchens, journalist (deceased)
- Deroy Murdock, journalist
- Mike Pride, editor emeritus of the Concord Monitor and former administrator of the Pulitzer Prizes
- Christopher Ruddy, CEO of Newsmax Media
National Fellows
- Mark Bils, macroeconomist, National Fellow 198９–90
- Stephen Kotkin, historian, National Fellow 2010–11
Senior Research Fellows
- Robert Hessen, historian
- Charles Wolf, Jr, economist (deceased)
- Edward Teller, physicist (deceased)
المنشورات
The Hoover Institution's in-house publisher, Hoover Institution Press, produces multiple publications on public policy topics, including the quarterly periodicals Hoover Digest, Education Next, China Leadership Monitor, and Defining Ideas. The Hoover Institution Press previously published the bimonthly periodical Policy Review, which it acquired from The Heritage Foundation in 2001.Policy Review ceased publication with its February–March 2013 issue.
In addition to these periodicals, the Hoover Institution Press publishes books and essays by Hoover Institution fellows and other Hoover-affiliated scholars.
التمويل
The Hoover Institution receives nearly half of its funding from private gifts, primarily from individual contributions, and the other half from its endowment.
Funders of the organization include the Taube Family Foundation, the Koret Foundation, the Howard Charitable Foundation, the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the Walton Foundation, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, and the William E. Simon Foundation.
التفاصيل
Funding sources and expenditures, 2014–2015:
|
مصادر التمويل، 2014–15: $69,477,000 ██ Gifts from Hoover Supporters (58.4%)██ Stanford University Funds for the Library & Archives (1%)██ Sales of Publications and Miscellaneous Income (3.1%)██ ريع وقف هوڤر (37.5%) |
النفقات، 2014–15: $59,910,000 ██ البحث والمبادرات الدراسية (55.4%)██ Library & Archives Operations and Acquisitions (11.6%)██ Administration, Facilities, Materials, and Computer Services (11.1%)██ Development, Public Affairs, and Communications (18.4%)██ معهد هوڤر في واشنطن (3.5%) |
انظر أيضاً
- List of Stanford University Centers and Institutes
الهامش
- ^ "Annual Report 2015". Hoover Institution. August 31, 2015. Retrieved April 15, 2016.
- ^ James G. McGann (Director) (January 26, 2017). "2016 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report". Retrieved March 20, 2017.
- ^ "Stanford Legal Facts". Office of the General Counsel. Stanford University. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
- ^ "Board of Overseers". Hoover Institution. Stanford University. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
- ^ "Hoover Institution – Mission Statement". hoover.org.
- ^ "Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace". Encyclopaedica Brittanica. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
- ^ McBride, Stewart (May 28, 1975). "Hoover Institution: Leaning to the right". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
- ^ Nau, Henry R. (2013). . Princeton University Press. p. xi. ISBN .
- ^ "Business Dean Seizes Rare Opportunity to Lead Hoover Institution, and Other News About People". Chronicle of Higher Education. March 23, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
- ^ "Former U.S. Central Command Chief General John Abizaid Appointed Hoover Distinguished Visiting Fellow".
- ^ "General Jim Mattis Biography, Hoover Institution". Hoover Administration. June 14, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
- ^ Peter Duignan, "The Library of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace. Part 1: Origin and Growth", Library History 2001 17(1): 3–19
- ^ "Yacht club to host celebration of Virginia Rothwell". Stanford Report. September 1, 2004. Retrieved March 25, 2008.
- ^ Trei, Lisa (November 28, 2001). "Glenn Campbell, former Hoover director, dead at 77". Stanford Report. Retrieved March 25, 2008.
- ^ "Honorary Fellow". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ^ "Distinguished Fellow". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ^ "Senior Fellows". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ^ "David Brady".
- ^ "Research Fellows".
- ^ "Distinguished Visiting Fellows". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ^ "William and Barbara Edwards Media Fellows". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
- ^ "William and Barbara Edwards Media Fellows by year". hoover.org.
- ^ "William and Barbara Edwards Media Fellows by year". hoover.org.
- ^ "VITA Mark Bils" (PDF). University of Rochester. Retrieved May 31, 2018.
- ^ "Stephen Kotkin". Hoover Institution. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
- ^ "Robert Hessen". Hoover Institution. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
- ^ "Charles Wolf Jr". Hoover Institution. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
- ^ "Edward Teller". Hoover Institution. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
- ^ "Policy Review Web Archive".
- ^ "Hoover Institution 2010 Report". Hoover Institution. p. 39. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ Ade Adeniji (April 21, 2015). "How the Hoover Institution Vacuums Up Big Conservative Bucks". Inside Philanthropy.
للاستزادة
- Paul, Gary Norman. "The Development of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace Library, 1919–1944". PhD dissertation U. of California, Berkeley. Dissertation Abstracts International 1974 35(3): 1682-1683-A, 274p.
وصلات خارجية
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- hoover.org/hila, the Hoover Institution Library and Archives official website
- hooverpress.org, the Hoover Institution Press's official website
- definingideas.org, a Hoover Institution online journal
- EDIRC listing (provided by RePEc)
- معهد هوڤر at the Open Directory Project
- advancingafreesociety.org, the Hoover Institution's blog of research and opinion on current policy matters
- at YouTube
- Video of Hoover Institution events at FORA.tv
- Hoover Institution FBI files hosted at the Internet Archive
نطقب:Stanford University
Coordinates:
