ترايميثوپرم
إ
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ترايميثوپرم {{{English
| |
| الاسم النظامي (أيوپاك) | |
| الاسم النظامي (أيوپاك) | |
| 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine | |
| المعينات Identifiers | |
| رقم CAS | |
| كود ATC | J01 |
| PubChem | |
| بنك العقاقير | |
| بيانات كيميائية | |
| الصيغة | 141843 |
| كتلة جزيئية | 290.32 g/mol |
| بيانات الحركية الدوائية Pharmacokinetic | |
| التوافر الحيوي | 90–100% |
| الأيض | عن طريق الكبد |
| عمر النصف | 8–10 hours |
| اخراج | renal 50–60% |
| اعتبارات علاجية | |
| فئة السلامة أثناء الحمل |
B3(استراليا) C(الولايات المتحدة) |
| الوضع القانوني |
Prescription Only (S4)(استراليا) POM(المملكة المتحدة) |
| المسارات | Oral |
ترايميثوپرم هوINN يستعمل غالبا للوقاية والعلاج من إلتهابات المسالك البولية, وهوينتمى الى مجموعة الكيمائيات الدوائية [[dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. وقد سوق تحت أسماء Proloprim, Monotrim وترايپرم وقد رخصت تلك الأسماء لشركات مصنعة عديدة.وفى الإستعمال العام تختصر تلك الأسماء الى TRI or TMP. ويختصر لدى المختبرات ب W
آلية العمل
Trimethoprim acts by interfering with the action of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. Tetrahydrofolic acid is an essential precursor in the synthesis of the DNA nucleotide thymidine. Bacteria are unable to take up folic acid from the environment (i.e. the infection host) and are thus dependent on their own de novo synthesis. Inhibition of the enzyme starves the bacteria of nucleotides necessary for DNA replication.
كو-تراىموكسازول
, and side effects of antibacterial sulfonamides. As a consequence, the use of co-trimoxazole was restricted in 1995 following the availability of trimethoprim (not in combination) in 1980. With its greater efficacy against a limited number of bacteria, Co-trimoxazole remains indicated for some infections; for example, it is used as prophylaxis in patients at risk for pneumonia (e.g. AIDS patients and those with some hematological malignancies) and as therapy in Whipple's disease.
دواعى استعمال سريرية
تفاعلات ومضادات إستعمال
. It may be involved in a reaction similar to disulfiram when alcohol is consumed after it is used, particularly when used in combination with sulfamethoxazole.
الهوامش
-
^ Brumfitt W, Hamilton-Miller JM (1993). "Reassessment of the rationale for the combinations of sulphonamides with diaminopyrimidines". J Chemother. 5 (6): 465–9. PMID 8195839. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) -
^ Brumfitt W, Hamilton-Miller JM (1994). "Limitations of and indications for the use of co-trimoxazole". J Chemother. 6 (1): 3–11. PMID 8071675. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) -
^ Bean DC, Livermore DM, Papa I, Hall LM (2005). "Resistance among Escherichia coli to sulphonamides and other antimicrobials now little used in man". J Antimicrob Chemother. 56 (5): 962–4. doi:10.1093/jac/dki332. PMID 16150859. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) -
^ Felmingham D, Reinert RR, Hirakata Y, Rodloff A (2002). "Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the PROTEKT surveillance study, and compatative in vitro activity of the ketolide, telithromycin". J Antimicrob Chemother. 50 (Suppl S1): 25–37. doi:10.1093/jac/dkf808. PMID 12239226. Unknown parameter
|doi_brokendate=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) -
^ Johnson JR, Manges AR, O'Bryan TT, Riley LW (2002). "A disseminated multidrug-resistant clonal group of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in pyelonephritis". Lancet. 359 (9325): 2249–51. PMID 12103291. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) -
^ Lawrenson RA, Logie JW (2001). "Antibiotic failure in the treatment of urinary tract infections in young women". J Antimicrob Chemother. 48 (6): 895–901. doi:10.1093/jac/48.6.895. PMID 11733475. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - suggest some small advantage in UTIs -
^ "Co-trimoxazole use restricted". Drug Ther Bull. 33 (12): 92–3. 1995. doi:10.1136/dtb.1995.331292. PMID 8777892. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ^ "Trimethoprim". netdoctor.co.uk.
- ^ Edwards DL, Fink PC, Van Dyke PO (1986). "Disulfiram-like reaction associated with intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and metronidazole". J Clinical pharmacy.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^ Heelon MW, White M (1998). "Disulfiram-cotrimoxazole reaction". J Pharmacotherapy.
الروابط الخاجية
- Nucleic acid inhibitors (PDF file).
نطقب:Sulfonamides and trimethoprim
- المصدر en-wikipedia [1]
