شينتشو
|
Hsinchu
新竹市
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
City | |||
| Hsinchu City | |||
| |||
| Nickname(s):
風城 (The Windy City) or 竹市 (Zhu City)
| |||
| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: | |||
| Country |
 تايوان
|
||
| Region | Northern Taiwan | ||
| المقر | North District | ||
| Districts | 3 districts
|
||
| الحكم | |||
| • Mayor | Lin Chih-chien (DPP) | ||
| المساحة | |||
| • City | 104٫15 كم² (40٫21 ميل²) | ||
| ترتيب المساحة | 20 out of 22 | ||
| التعداد(2016) | |||
| • City | 434٬674 | ||
| • الترتيب | 15 of 22 | ||
| • الكثافة | 4٬200/km2 (11٬000/sq mi) | ||
| منطقة التوقيت | National Standard Time (التوقيت العالمي المنسق+8) | ||
| Postal code | 300 | ||
| مفتاح الهاتف | (0)3 | ||
| ISO 3166 code | TW-HSZ | ||
| Bird | European magpie (Pica pica) | ||
| Flower | Azalea | ||
| المسقط الإلكتروني | www.hccg.gov.tw | ||
| Hsinchu City | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| اسم صيني | |||||||||||||||||||||
| بالصينية | 新竹市 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Windy City | |||||||||||||||||||||
| الصينية التقليدية | 風城 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| الصينية المبسطة | 风城 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| اسم ياباني | |||||||||||||||||||||
| كانجي | 新竹市 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| كانا | しんちくし | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Hsinchu (Hokkien POJ: Sin-tek; Hakka PFS: Sîn-chuk), officially known as Hsinchu City, is a city in northern Taiwan. Hsinchu is popularly nicknamed "The Windy City" for its windy climate.
History
In 1626, after Spain occupied northern Taiwan, Spanish missionaries arrived at Teckcham (بالصينية: 竹塹; پخ-اوه-جي: Tek-khàm), where the Taokas Taiwanese aborigines lived. The city was first settled by Han Chinese in 1711, during Qing rule. In 1878, Teckcham Subprefecture was converted into a district and renamed Hsinchu. After Fujian-Taiwan Province was established in 1887, Hsinchu was a part of Taipeh Prefecture.
Empire of Japan
By 1904, the city population was 16,371, ranked 7th, following Keelung and followed by Shoka. In 1920, under Japanese rule, Shinchiku Cho (新竹廳) was upgraded to town status. In 1930, the town was renamed as Shinchiku City, under Shinchiku Prefecture. In 1941, its administration district was expanded, annexing Kōzan village (modern-day Xiangshan), whereas نطقب:Nihongo4 and نطقب:Nihongo4 became نطقب:Nihongo4 under the same district.
Republic of China
In 1945, the incoming Kuomintang established the Hsinchu City Government to govern Hsinchu-Chou (Shinchiku Prefecture). In 1946, the Take Over Committee dissolved and Hsinchu County Government was formed. Hsinchu County Government was moved to Taoyuan. As the administrative districts were readjusted, it became a city, using the original Prefecture office as its legal office, with seven district offices. In February of the same year, representative congress was formed in every district. On April 15 the City Congress was formed. Provincial Representatives were elected from the city legislators, to become legislative bodies of different levels. On 16 August 1950, the administrative districts in Taiwan were re-adjusted once more, demarcating 16 counties andخمسة provincially governed cities.
In June 1982, under the President's order, the Xiangshan Township of Hsinchu County would merge into Hsinchu City, and the new entity would become a city. The new government of Hsinchu was legally established on 1 July 1982 with the merging of Xiangshan, with 103 lis (villages), and 1,635 lins (neighborhoods). The City Government is located on 120 Chung Cheng Road, the former Prefecture Office.
In end of June 1983, there were three Bureaus (Civil Service, Public Works, and Education), four Departments (Finance, Social Welfare, Compulsory Military Service, and Land Affairs), four offices (Secretary, Planning, Personnel, and Auditing), and 49 sections (units, teams) under the City Government's organization to provide services for various urban affairs. Affiliate institutions include the Police Department, Tax Department, and Medicine and Hygiene Department.
By the end of 1982, the city was classified into East, North and Xiangshan districts. The East, North and Xiangshan district administration offices were posted on October 1 and then they were formally established on November 1 in the same year.
From 1994 to 1999, as Taiwan made its transition from authoritarian rule to modern democracy and the mostly pro forma provincial level of government began to be dissolved, regulations were established for formal Hsinchu City self-government. A deputy mayor, consumer officer, and three consultants were added to the city government. In 2002, the city added a Bureau of Labor and transferred Compulsory Military Service to the Department of Civil Service.
Geography
The city is bordered by Hsinchu County to the north and east, Miaoli County to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the west.
Climate
Hsinchu's climate is humid subtropical (Koppen: Cfa). The city is located in a part of the island that has a rainy season that lasts from February to September, with the heaviest time coming late April through August during the southwest monsoon, and also experiences meiyu in May and early June. The city succumbs to hot humid weather from June until September, while October to December are arguably the most pleasant times of year. Hsinchu is affected by easterly winds off of the East China Sea. Natural hazards such as typhoons and earthquakes are common in the region.
| بيانات مناخ Hsinchu, Taiwan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °س (°ف) | 30.3 (86.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
33.8 (92.8) |
34.1 (93.4) |
35.1 (95.2) |
37.4 (99.3) |
38.0 (100.4) |
39.4 (102.9) |
38.2 (100.8) |
37.9 (100.2) |
33.6 (92.5) |
31.1 (88) |
39٫4 (102٫9) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 18.9 (66) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
28.6 (83.5) |
31.0 (87.8) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.6 (90.7) |
31.0 (87.8) |
27.8 (82) |
24.9 (76.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
26٫2 (79٫2) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | 15.5 (59.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
21.7 (71.1) |
24.9 (76.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
27.1 (80.8) |
24.2 (75.6) |
21.2 (70.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
22٫6 (72٫7) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 12.9 (55.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.4 (75.9) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.1 (75.4) |
21.6 (70.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
15.0 (59) |
19٫8 (67٫6) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | −0.1 (31.8) |
3.5 (38.3) |
3.4 (38.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
11.7 (53.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
20.2 (68.4) |
18.9 (66) |
14.7 (58.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
6.6 (43.9) |
4.0 (39.2) |
-0٫1 |
| هطول mm (inches) | 64.5 (2.539) |
142.1 (5.594) |
168.1 (6.618) |
164.1 (6.461) |
232.8 (9.165) |
261.1 (10.28) |
141.0 (5.551) |
182.4 (7.181) |
214.2 (8.433) |
62.0 (2.441) |
38.1 (1.5) |
47.7 (1.878) |
1٬718٫1 (67٫642) |
| % Humidity | 78.1 | 80.4 | 80.2 | 79.6 | 78.0 | 77.6 | 75.5 | 76.5 | 75.1 | 74.3 | 75.1 | 75.5 | 77٫2 |
| Avg. precipitation days | 9.6 | 11.6 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 8.3 | 10.5 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 115٫5 |
| Sunshine hours | 105.3 | 92.5 | 97.4 | 105.2 | 149.5 | 177.0 | 236.6 | 210.2 | 196.0 | 191.1 | 151.9 | 138.1 | 1٬850٫8 |
| Source: | |||||||||||||
Government
| التعداد التاريخي | ||
|---|---|---|
| السنة | تعداد | ±% |
| 1985 | 304٬010 | — |
| 1990 | 324٬426 | +6.7% |
| 1995 | 340٬255 | +4.9% |
| 2000 | 368٬439 | +8.3% |
| 2005 | 394٬757 | +7.1% |
| 2010 | 415٬344 | +5.2% |
| 2015 | 434٬060 | +4.5% |
| Source:"Populations by city and country in Taiwan". Ministry of the Interior Population Census. | ||
Hsinchu City is administered as a city. North District is the seat of Hsinchu City which houses the Hsinchu City Government and Hsinchu City Council. The incumbent Mayor of Hsinchu City is Lin Chih-chien of the Democratic Progressive Party.
Administrative divisions
Hsinchu has ثلاثة districts (區):
| Map | Name | Chinese | Hokkien | Hakka | Population (2016) | Area (km²) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| East | 東區 | Tang | Tûng | 208,122 | 33.5768 | ||
| North | 北區 | Pak | Pet | 149,300 | 15.7267 | ||
| Xiangshan | 香山區 | Hiong-san | Hiông-sân | 76,836 | 54.8491 | ||
Colors indicate the common language status of Hakka within each division.
Politics
Hsinchu City voted one Democratic Progressive Party legislator to be in the Legislative Yuan during the Taiwanese general election, 2016.
Economy
The Hsinchu Science Park is home to 360 high tech companies including TSMC, Philips, United Microelectronics Corporation, Holtek, AU Optronics and Epistar. As a result, the city has the highest income level in Taiwan.
The purpose of the park is to attract high tech investment to Taiwan and to make the area the economic center for the information industry. The park is designed to cater for high quality R&D, production, work, life and also recreation. From its establishment in 1978, the government has invested over NT$30 billion on software and hardware ventures. In 2001, it developed 2.5 kم2 (27,000,000 قدم2) of land in the park and 0.5 kم2 (5,400,000 قدم2) in southern Hsinchu, attracting 312 high-tech companies' investments. Viewing the performance of Hsinchu Science Park in the past 21 years, it can be said that it holds a decisive position in the economic development in Taiwan, with international acclaim.
Although the semiconductor and related electronic businesses have been doing well, they face fierce competition from Japan, Korea, the United States and Singapore. This has resulted in lower profits and over-supply of some electronic products such as memory and semiconductors. Therefore, manufacturers, government, academia, and the R&D sectors all recognize the challenges faced by Taiwan's high-tech development. The government has endeavored to upgrade Hsinchu Science Park into a global manufacturing and R&D center of high-end products. They also plan to intensify the cooperation among the manufacturing, academic, and research sectors by introducing incubation centers, in order to elevate the technological standard in the park. Further, through the development of the northern, central, and southern industrial park and its satellite sites, it hopes to sow the seeds of high tech business in all of Taiwan, leading to a vigorous era of high tech development.
Education
Currently, Hsinchu City is one of the most focused educational centers in northern Taiwan. It has six universities in this concentrated area and among these universities, National Chiao Tung University and National Tsing Hua University are highly focused by government in Taiwan on its academic development. Other public and private educational institutions in the city included 33 elementary schools, 19 middle schools, 12 high school and complete secondary school, National Hsinchu Senior High School, National Hsinchu Girls' Senior High School and National Experimental High School are prestigious.
International and American Schools (grade school and secondary school)
- Pacific American School
- Hsinchu International School
- Hsinchu American School
Elementary Schools
- Sagor Bilingual School
- Hsinchu Elementary School
- San Min Elementary School
- Ke Yuan Elementary School
- Guan Dong Elementary School
- Zai Xi Elementary School
- SunShine Elementary School
- Lung Shan Elementary School
- Dong Yuan Elementary School
- Chu Lian Elementary School
- Cheng Kong Elementary School
- Bei Men Elementary School
- Min Fu Elementary School
- Da Chuang Elementary School
- Nan Liao Elementary School
- Shui Yuan Elementary School
- Hu Lin Elementary School
- Jia Dong Elementary School
- Ching Tsao Hu Elementary School
- Nan Ai Elementary School
- Da Hu Elementary School
- Nei Hu Elementary School
- Xi Men Elementary School
Junior High School
- Chien Hua Junior High School
- Pei Ying Junior High School
- Zhu Guang Junior High School
- Nan Hua Junior High School
- Guang Wu Junior High School
- Hu Lin Junior High School
- Guang Hua Junior High School
- Yu Hsien Junior High School
- San Min Junior High School
- Nei Hu Junior High School
- Hsin Ke Junior High School
High Schools
- National Experimental High School
- National Hsinchu Senior High School
- National Hsinchu Girls' Senior High School
- Shu Guang Girls' Senior High School
- Chien Kung Senior High School
- Hsiang Shan Senior High School
- Cheng Te Senior High School
Colleges and Universities
- National Chiao Tung University
- National Tsing Hua University
- Chung Hua University
- Hsuan Chuang University
- Yuanpei University
- National Hsinchu University of Education
Tourist attractions
- Black Bat Squadron Memorial Hall
- Glass Museum of Hsinchu City
- Hsinchu City Art Site of Railway Warehouse
- Hsinchu CKS Baseball Stadium
- Hsinchu Museum of Military Dependents Village
- Hsinchu Fish Harbor
- Hsinchu Zoo
- National Hsinchu Living Arts Center
- 17 Kilometer Coastal Scenic Area
- Eighteen Peaks Mountain Park
- Hsinchu Eastern Gate
- Chenghuang Temple Night Market
- Tsing Hus Night Market
| Name | Feature | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Chenghuang Temple Night Market | Most of the old stands in Cheng-huang Temple are of 50-year-old history, the famous snacks here are Hsin-chu meat balls, pork balls, spring rolls, braised pork rice, cuttlefish thick soup, rice noodles, and cow tongue shaped cakes (quote from Tourism Bureau, MOTC, T.O.C.) | Cheng-huang Temple and fa-lian shrine square |
| Neiwan Old Street | Traditional Hakka restaurants and shops serve ginger lily-flavored glutinous rice dumplings, Hakka tea, and Hakka rice cakes. | Hengshan Town |
Transportation
Rail
Hsinchu City is accessible from Hsinchu TRA station and North Hsinchu railway station.
Cycling
Hsinchu City has recently created a series of cycling routes to help cyclists navigate the city more easily. Hsinchu is home to many cycling clubs
Notable natives
- Chi Cheng, the 1968 Olympic bronze medalist in track & field
- Yuan T. Lee, the 1986 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry.
- John Chiang, Taiwanese politician
- Lin Cho-liang, Taiwanese American violinist
- Hsieh Su-Wei, Taiwanese tennis player and former World No. 1 in doubles
- Hebe Tien, solo artist and member of the S.H.E
- David Wu, member of the U.S. House of Representatives for the state of Oregon from 1999 until 2011.
- Cyndi Wang, Singer
- Chen Qiaoen, singer, actress, 7F Member
- Lü Shao-chia, Taiwanese conductor
- Wen Shang-Yi, guitarists and leader of the Mayday
العلاقات الدولية
البلدات التوأم — المدن الشقيقة
شينتشومتوأمة مع:
| المدن | المنطقة | البلد | منذ |
|---|---|---|---|
| بيڤرتون | أوريگون |
 الولايات المتحدة
|
1988 |
| كاري | كارولاينا الشمالية |
الولايات المتحدة
|
1993 |
| كوپرتينو | كاليفورنيا |
الولايات المتحدة
|
1998 |
| رتشلاند | واشنطن |
الولايات المتحدة
|
1988 |
| پلينو | تكساس |
الولايات المتحدة
|
2003 |
| أوكاياما | محافظة أوكاياما |
 اليابان
|
2003 |
| پوِرتوپرنسسا | پالاوان |
 الفلپين
|
2006 |
| فيرفيلد | نيوساوث ويلز |
 أستراليا
|
1994 |
| تشيايي (مدينة) | مقاطعة تايوان |
 تايوان
|
2002 |
| آيراي | آيراي |
 پالاو
|
2011 |
انظر أيضاً
- Administrative divisions of the Republic of China
- List of cities in Taiwan
References
- ^ (in الصينية). Retrieved 9 July 2016.
- ^ "新竹市統計月報". 新竹市政府 (in الصينية). Retrieved 9 July 2016. []
- ^ Wang, Erika (October 25, 2007). "Hsinchu owns rich history, culture and natural resources". The China Post. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ Davidson, James W. (1903). . London and New York: Macmillan. p. 211. OCLC 1887893. OL 6931635M.
- ^ "Monthly Mean Days of Precipitation". Climate Data. ROC Central Weather Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2005. Retrieved 2006-03-08.
- ^ "Rescuers hunt quake survivors". BBC. 1999-09-21.
- ^ "Recent Earthquakes Near Hsinchu, Taiwan, Taiwan".
- ^ "Earthquakes Today".
- ^ "Statistics > Monthly Mean". Central Weather Bureau.
- ^ "2016 The 14th Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and The 9th Legislator Election". vote2016.cec.gov.tw.
- ^ "Pacific American School". www.pacificamerican.org.
- ^ "Hsinchu International School". hc.edu.tw.
- ^ "Hsinchu American School". hc.edu.tw.
- ^ "Theme Tours - Department of Tourism Hsinchu City Government". hccg.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 2015-10-04. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ "Eng.taiwan.net.tw". taiwan.net.tw. Archived from the original on 2008-06-16. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2013-11-05. CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Sister Cities". Hsinchu City Government. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
وصلات خارجية
- Hsinchu City Government official website (إنگليزية)
- Hsinchu Science Park (إنگليزية)
نطقب:HsinchuDistricts نطقب:Administrative divisions of Taiwan
