مهايانا

جزء من عن; البوذية; ;
	تاريخ البوذية; الأسس; المفاهيم الأساسية; الشخصيات الرئيسية; الممارسات; المناطق; الأفرع; النصوص; البوابة;
	انظر الدليل الكامل

مهايانا (Mahayana) (بالسنسكريتية: المركبة الكبرى) أحد الممضىين الرئيسيين للبوذية. ينتشر غالبا في دول شرق آسيا مثل الصين وكوريا واليابان ومنغوليا وفيتنام وأقطار الهمالايا مثل التبت والنيبال وبوتان. يهدف إلى خلاص جميع الكائنات الحاسة. يتميز بالتعقيد وبالتوحيد والتأكيد على روح الجماعة. سمي بالعربة الكبرى لأنه يساعد عددا أكبر من الكائنات الحية.

التاريخ

Ancient Buddhist stūpas in Borobodur, Indonesia.

Early statue of the Buddha from Gandhāra, 1st–2nd century CE.

الأصول

The Chinese monk Yijing who visited India in the 7th century CE, distinguishes Mahāyāna from Hīnayāna as follows:

Both adopt one and the same Vinaya, and they have in common the prohibitions of the five offences, and also the practice of the Four Noble Truths. Those who venerate the bodhisattvas and read the Mahayana sūtras are called the Mahāyānists, while those who do not perform these are called the Hīnayānists.

A statue of Prajñāpāramitā personified, from Singhasari, East Java, Indonesia.

Earliest Mahayana sutras

Mahāyāna Buddhist triad, including Bodhisattva Maitreya, the Buddha, and Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. 2nd–3rd century CE, Gandhāra.

Earliest inscriptions

Doctrine

Bodhisattva seated in dhyāna. Afghanistan, 2nd century

Avalokiteśvara, the bodhisattva of compassion. Ajaṇṭā Caves, Maharashtra, India.

بوذي‌ساتڤا

منطق رئيسي: بوذي‌ساتڤا

Scriptures

Statue of the Buddha with Dharmacakra Mudra, symbolizing his teaching of the Dharma. Sarnath, Vārāṇasī.

Āgamas

منطق رئيسي: Mahayana sutras

انظر أيضاً

Buddha nature
Buddhist holidays
Dzogchen
Early Buddhist Schools
Faith in Buddhism
God in Buddhism
Golden Light Sutra

History of Buddhism
Lotus Sutra
Mahayana sutras
Nirvana Sutra
Pure Land
Rebirth

Schools of Buddhism
Shunyata
Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
Tathagatagarbha
Tendai
Zen

Notes

References

^ Williams, Paul (2008) Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations: p. 5

Sources

"Mahayana". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2002.

للاستزادة

Beal (1871). Catena of Buddhist Scriptures from the Chinese, London, Trübner
Lowenstein, Tom (1996). The Vision of the Buddha, Boston: Little Brown, ISBN 1-903296-91-9
Schopen, G. "The inscription on the Kusan image of Amitabha and the character of the early Mahayana in India", Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 10, 1990
Suzuki, D. T. (1914). "The Development of Mahayana Buddhism", The Monist Volume 24, Issue 4, 1914-10-01, p565-581
Suzuki, D. T. (1908). , Open Court, Chicago
Walser, Joseph (2007). The origin of the Term Mahayana and its relationship to the Agamas, Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 30 (1-2), 219-252
Williams, Paul (1989). Mahayana Buddhism, Routledge.
Karel Werner; Jeffrey Samuels; Bhikkhu Bodhi; Peter Skilling, Bhikkhu Anālayo, David McMahan (2013). . Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN .CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)