معمر
هذه الموضوعة عن معمر. لرؤية صفحة توضيحية بمنطقات ذات عناوين مشابهة، انظر معمر (توضيح).
معمرة كندية.
المعمر بالإنگليزية: Centenarian هوالشخص الذي بلغ عمره 100 عام أوأكثر أي بلغ عمره قرناً من الزمان، ويُطلق كذلك عليه اسم المئوي، في عام 2012 قدرت الأمم المتحدة عدد المعمرين الذين بلغ عددهم 316600 إنسان حول العالم، غالبية المعمرين يعيشون إما مع أحفادهم أوأبنائهم دون أبناء جيلهم، ووفقاً لمخط الإحصاءات الوطنية في بريطانيا حتى ثلث من وُلِد في عام 2013 سيكونون من المعمرين، وتملك الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية أكبر عددٍ من المعمرين في العالم بمجموع 53 ألف شخص، نسبة 82% منهم من الإناث، يليها اليابان بعدد 51 ألف من المعمرين. (إحصاءات 2012)
تعداد المعمرين حسب البلد
The total number of living centenarians in the world remains uncertain. It was estimated by the Population Division of the United Nations as 23,000 in 1950, 110,000 in 1990, 150,000 in 1995, 209,000 in 2000, 324,000 in 2005 and 455,000 in 2009. However, these older estimates did not take into account the contemporary downward adjustments of national estimates made by several countries such as the United States; thus, in 2012, the UN estimated there to be only 316,600 centenarians worldwide. The following table gives estimated centenarian populations by country, including both the latest and the earliest known estimates, where available.
| البلد | أحدث تقدير (year) | أقدم تقدير (year) | معمر لكل 100,000 نسمة |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andorra | 7 (2002) | – | 10.2 |
| Argentina | 3,487 (2010) | – | 8.7 |
| Australia | 4,252 (2011) | 50 (1901) | 18.8 |
| Austria | 1,371 (2014) | 232 (1990), 25 (1960) | 16.1 |
| Belgium | 2,001 (2015) | 23 (1950) | 16.9 |
| Brazil | 23,760 (2010) | – | 12.5 |
| Canada | 7,569 (2011) | – | 22.3 |
| China | 48,921 (2011) | 4,469 (1990), 17,800 (2007) | 3.6 |
| Czech Republic | 625 (2011) | 404 (2006) | 5.9 |
| Denmark | 889 (2010) | 32 (1941) | 16.1 |
| Estonia | 150 (2016) | 42 (1990) | 11.4 |
| Finland | 759 (2015) | 11 (1960) | 13.8 |
| France | 21,393 (2016) | 100 (1900) | 32.1 |
| Germany | 17,000 (2012) | 232 (1885) | 21 |
| Hungary | 1,516 (2013) | 227 (1990), 76 (1949) | 15.3 |
| Iceland | 32 (2015) | ثلاثة (1960) | 9.7 |
| India | 27,000 (2015) | 2.1 | |
| Ireland | 389 (2011) | 87 (1990) | 8.5 |
| Israel | 2,143 (2011) | 27.6 | |
| Italy | 19,095 (2015) | 19,095 (2015), 99 (1872) | 31.5 |
| Japan | 67,824 (2017) | 54,397 (2013) 111 (1950), 155 (1960) | 48 |
| Mexico | 7,441 (2010) | 2,403 (1990) | 6.6 |
| Netherlands | 1,743 (2010) | 18 (1830) | 10.4 |
| New Zealand | 297 (1991) | 18 (1960) | 5.9 |
| Norway | 636 (2010) | 44 (1951) | 13.1 |
| Peru | 1,682 (2011) | – | 5.6 |
| Poland | 2,414 (2009) | 500 (1970) | 6.3 |
| Portugal | 4,066 (2015) | – | 38.9 |
| Russia | 20,582 (2019) | 6,700 (2007) | 14 |
| Singapore | 724 (2011) | 41 (1990) | 13.7 |
| Slovenia | 224 (2013) | 2 (1953) | 10.9 |
| South Africa | 15,581 (2011) | - | 30.1 |
| South Korea | 3,861 (2014) | 961 | 7.7 |
| Spain | 17,423 (2016) | 4,269 (2002) | 37.5 |
| Sweden | 2,084 (2017) | 46 (1950) | 20.6 |
| Switzerland | 1,306 (2010) | سبعة (1860) | 16.6 |
| Thailand | 23,399 (2014) | 35.9 | |
| Turkey | 5,293 (2015) | - | 6.7 |
| United Kingdom | 13,780 (2013) | 107 (1911) | 21.5 |
| United States | 72,000 (2015) | 53,364 (2010), 2,300 (1950) | 22 |
| Uruguay | 519 (2011) | – | 15.8 |
| World Estimates | 451,000 (2015) | 316,600 (2012), 23,000 (1950) | 6.2 |
أشهر المعمرين
- جيمس ستروم ثورموند، (1902 - 2003)، سياسي أمريكي وعضومجلس الشيوخ.
- جواوهاڤيلانگ، (1916 - 2016)، رئيس الفيفا من 1974 حتى 1998.
- جاك فريسكو، (1916 - 2017)، فيلسوف فهمي ومهندس معماري أمريكي.
- بوب هوب، (1903 - 2003)، ممثل أمريكي.
- جورج برنز، (1896 - 1996)، ممثل أمريكي.
- غلوريا ستيوارت، (1910 - 2010)، ممثلة أمريكية.
- الملكة إليزابيث الأم، (1900 - 2002)، زوجة ملك بريطانيا ووالدة الملكة إليزابيث.
- ريتا ليڤي مونتالشيني، (1909 - 2012)، طبيبة إيطالية، حائزة على جائزة نوبل في الطب.
- جدة موسى، (1860 - 1961)، رسامة أمريكية.
- بوبي هايني ميلر، (1909 - 2016)، لاعبة مضرب جنوب أفريقية.
- ليني ريفنستال، (1902 - 2002)، ممثلة ألمانية.
انظر أيضاً
- قائمة أكبر المعمرين
- قائمة أكبر المعمرين الأحياء
- عميد الرجال في البشرية
- معمر فائق
- منطقة زرقاء
مراجع
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وصلات خارجية
- New England Centenarian Study
- Okinawa Centenarian Study
- Mortality of Centenarians via Princeton University
- U.S. politicians who lived the longest via Political Graveyard
- Noted Nonagenarians and Centenarians via Genarians.com
- Centenarian research and celebration via AdlerCentenarians.org
- Living Beyond 100 via International Longevity Center UK
- Table of numbers of centenarians for select nations, 1960 and 1990 via Demogr.mpg.de
- Centenarians’ Road Project website
- Oldest People in Britain
