توپيكا، كانزس

توپيكا، كانزس
توپيكا، كانزس ; Topeka, Kansas
	عاصمة ولاية
	Clockwise, from top: skyline from Burnett's Mound; Kansas Avenue Veteran's Memorial; Tribute to the State of Kansas; Topeka & Shawnee County Public Library; Jayhawk Tower; Topeka High School
; Flag	; Seal
	Nickname(s): "المدينة العاصمة"، "T-Town", "Top City"
	Location within Shawnee County and Kansas
	KDOT map of Shawnee County (legend)
	الإحداثيات: Coordinates:
البلد	الولايات المتحدة
الولاية	كانزس
المقاطعة	شوني
تأسست	1854
Incorporated	1857
الحكم
• النوع	مدير المجلس
• العمدة	Larry E. Wolgast
• City Manager	Jim Colson
المساحة
• عاصمة ولاية	61٫47 ميل² (159٫21 كم²)
• البر	60٫17 ميل² (155٫84 كم²)
• الماء	1٫30 ميل² (3٫37 كم²)
الارتفاع	945 ft (288 m)
التعداد(2010)
• عاصمة ولاية	127٬473
• تقدير (2015)	127٬265
• الترتيب	US: 215th
• الكثافة	2٬100/sq mi (800/km2)
• الحضر	150٬003 (US: 217th)
• العمرانية	233٬791 (US: 193rd)
صفة المواطن	Topekan
منطقة التوقيت	CST (التوقيت العالمي المنسق-6)
• الصيفي	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP Codes	66601-66612, 66614-66622, 66624-66626, 66628-66629, 66636-66637, 66642, 66647, 66652-66653, 66667, 66675, 66683, 66692, 66699
Area code	785
FIPS code	20-71000
GNIS feature ID	0485477
المسقط الإلكتروني	topeka.org

توپيكا (Topeka ؛ //؛ بلغة كانسا: Tó Pee Kuh) هي عاصمة ولاية كانزس ومقر مقاطعة شوني. وتقع على نهر كانزس في الجزء الأوسط من مقاطعة شوني، في شمال شرق كانزس، في وسط الولايات المتحدة. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 127,473. The Topeka Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Shawnee, Jackson, Jefferson, Osage, and Wabaunsee counties, had a population of 233,870 in the 2010 census.

الاسم توپيكا Topeka هوجملة بلغة Kansa-Osage تعني "المكان حيث غرسنا البطاطس"، أو"مكان جيد لزراعة البطاطس". As a placename, Topeka was first recorded in 1826 as the Kansa name for what is now called the نهر كانزس. Topeka's founders chose the name in 1855 because it "was novel, of Indian origin and euphonious of sound." The mixed-blood Kansa Native American, Joseph James, called Jojim, is credited with suggesting the name of Topeka. The city, laid out in 1854, was one of the Free-State towns founded by Eastern antislavery men immediately after the passage of the Kansas–Nebraska Bill. In 1857, Topeka was chartered as a city.

The city is well known for the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, which overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson and declared racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional. Three ships of the U.S. Navy have been named after the city.

الديمغرافيا

التعداد التاريخي
التعداد	Pop.	%±
1860	759	—
1870	5٬790	662٫8%
1880	15٬452	166٫9%
1890	31٬007	100٫7%
1900	33٬608	8٫4%
1910	43٬684	30�0%
1920	50٬022	14٫5%
1930	64٬120	28٫2%
1940	67٬833	5٫8%
1950	78٬791	16٫2%
1960	119٬484	51٫6%
1970	125٬011	4٫6%
1980	115٬266	−7٫8%
1990	119٬883	4�0%
2000	122٬377	2٫1%
2010	127٬473	4٫2%
تقدير 2015	127٬265	−0٫2%
U.S. Decennial Census

انظر أيضاً

Great Flood of 1951

الملاحظات

الهامش

^ Topeka Capitol Journal Online
^ Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) details for Topeka, Kansas; United States Geological Survey (USGS); October 13, 1978.
^ "Topeka - Directory of Public Officials". The League of Kansas Municipalities.
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Topeka-CityManager
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Gazetteer files
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير سليم؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة FactFinder
^ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ United States Postal Service (2012). "USPS - Look Up a ZIP Code". Retrieved 2012-02-15.
^ Jones, Daniel (2003), Peter Roach, James Hartmann and Jane Setter, ed., English Pronouncing Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 3-12-539683-2
^ نطقب:MerriamWebsterDictionary
^ "2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
^ Burn, Louis F. (1989) "A history of the Osage people", p. 579. Ciga Press, CA. ISBN 0-942574-09-5
^ http://www.livingplaces.com/KS/Shawnee_County/Topeka_City.html
^ Topeka's Roots: the Prairie Potato — Barbara Burgess
^ King, Dick (2005) "Topeka" rooted in spuds. Topeka Capital-Journal, 20 Nov.
^ Connelley, William E. "Origin of the Name of Topeka." Collections of the Kansas State Historical Society, Vol. 27, pp.589-593
^ http://www.nps.gov/brvb/historyculture/upload/brown%20US%20supreme%20court.pdf
^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
^ "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved May 30, 2013.

للاستزادة

توپيكا

Burgess, Barbara. "Topeka's Roots: the Prairie Potato". Retrieved 2007-03-10.
Giles, Thirty years in Topeka: A Historical Sketch, (Topeka, 1886)
Z. L. Potter, Industrial Conditions in Topeka, (New York, 1915)
D. O. Decker, Municipal Administration in Topeka, (New York, 1915)

كانزس

History of the State of Kansas; William G. Cutler; A.T. Andreas Publisher; 1883. (Online HTML eBook)
Kansas : A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc; ثلاثة Volumes; Frank W. Blackmar; Standard Publishing Co; 944 / 955 / 824 pages; 1912. (Volume1 - Download 54MB PDF eBook),(Volume2 - Download 53MB PDF eBook), (Volume3 - Download 33MB PDF eBook)