حمل (فيزياء)
This figure shows a calculation for thermal convection in the Earth's mantle. Colors closer to red are hot areas and colors closer to blue are cold areas. A hot, less-dense lower boundary layer sends plumes of hot material upwards, and likewise, cold material from the top moves downwards.
الحمل Convection، هوالانسياب الترددي للمائع بسبب عدم الاتزان في توزيع الكثافة، وينشأ الحمل بسبب حتى المائع الموجود لأسفل يسخن، ويصبح أقل كثافة عن المائع الموجود لأعلى، أوحتى المائع الموجود أعلى يبرد، ويصبح أكبر كثافة من المائع الموجود أسفل.
المصطلح
أمثلة وتطبيقات على الحمل
نقل الحرارة
A heat sink provides a large surface area for convection to efficiently carry away heat.
خلايا الحمل
Convection cells in a gravity field
التوزيع في الغلاف الجوي
Idealised depiction of the global circulation on Earth
الطقس
How Foehn is produced
Stages of a thunderstorm's life.
توزيع المحيطات
Ocean currents
الوشاح الحراري
An oceanic plate is added to by upwelling (left) and consumed at a subduction zone (right).
تأثير التكديس
الفيزياء النجمية
An illustration of the structure of the Sun and a red giant star, showing their convective zones. These are the granular zones in the outer layers of these stars.
Granules—the tops or upper visible sizes of convection cells, seen on the photosphere of the Sun. These are caused by the convection in the upper photosphere of the Sun. North America is superimposed on the same scale, to indicate scale.
آليات الحمل
الحمل الطبيعي
حمل اضطراري
Gravitational or buoyant convection
حبيبات الحمل
Thermomagnetic convection
Capillary action
Marangoni effect
Weissenberg effect
Combustion
Mathematical models of convection
Mathematically, convection can be described by the convection–diffusion equation or the generic scalar transport equation.
Quantifying natural versus forced convection
انظر أيضا
- Atmospheric convection
- Bénard cells
- Churchill-Bernstein Equation
- Double diffusive convection
- Fluid dynamics
-
Heat transfer
- Heat conduction
- Thermal radiation
- Heat pipe
- Laser-heated pedestal growth
- Nusselt number
- Thermomagnetic convection
- Vortex tube
المصادر
- ^ عبد الجليل هويدي، محمد أحمد هيكل (2004). أساسيات الجيولوجيا التاريخية. مخطة الدار العربية للخط.
وصلات خارجية
- Correlations for Convective Heat Transfer
